საკვებით მოწამლული ადამიანები, მზეზე დადგმული დახლები და … საშიში კოღოები, რომლებიც საბურავებში მრავლდებიან
ირმა ცეცხლაძე 27 48 94
yoveldRiurad aWaraSi nawlavuri infeqciis da kvebiTi intoqsikaciis aTobiT SemTxveva fiqsirdeba. bolo
erTi Tvis ganmavlobaSi samedicino dawesebulebebs
725-ma pacientma mimarTa. maTi umravlesoba
mcirewlovania
baTumis saswrafo samedicino daxmarebis centris direqtoris badri paqsaZis cnobiT, Tu 1 ivlisamde dRe-RameSi ori-sami gamoZaxeba iyo am kuTxiT, axla sakvebiT mowamluli pacientebis ricxvma 13-15-s miaRwia.
Sps `baTumis infeqciuri paTologiis, Sidsisa da tuberkulozis regionaluri centris~ infeqciuri departamentis ufrosis nato miSvelaZis TqmiT: `pacientebi ZiriTadad mogvmarTaven maRali cxelebiT, Tavis tkiviliT, gulisreviT, RebinebiT, diareiT, saerTo sisustiT. minda vurCio moqalaqeebs, rom msgavsi simptomebis gamovlenisas ar mimarTon TviTmkurnalobas, raTa ar gaurTuldeT mdgomareoba da ar daewyoT mZime intoqsikacia~.
m. iaSvilis saxelobis baTumis dedaTa da bavSvTa centraluri hospitlis prehospitaluri departamentis ufrosi naira fartenaZec acxadebs, rom Zalian gaxSirda nawlavuri infeqciebi, kvebiTi intoqsikaciebi wlamde bavSvebSi, mkveTrad imata momarTvianobam da mouwodebs mSoblebs, yuradRebiT iyvnen nebismieri simptomis SeniSvnisas, kerZod, maRali sicxis, Rebinebis an diareis SemTxvevaSi saswrafod mimarTon samedicino dawesebulebebs.
ra monacemebi aqvs am kuTxiT aWaris sazogadoebrivi jandacvis centrs da ra saxis prevenciul zomebs mimarTavs sezonuri infeqciebis aRsakveTad, amaze centris xelmZRvaneli nino niJaraZe saubrobs. misi ganmartebiT, marTalia kvebiTma intoqsikaciebma imata ivlisSi, magram sagangaSo araferia, radgan, SarSan, swored am periodSi gacilebiT meti SemTxveva dafiqsirda.
– wels 30%-iT naklebia momarTva am kuTxiT. sagangaSo araferia, radgan zafxulobiT, rogorc wesi, aRiniSneba daavadebebis sezonuri mateba.
– Tu SeiZleba daakonkreteT, romel daavadebebze saubrobT?
– es aris diareuli klinikiT mimdinare daavadebebi. maT Sorisaa savaraudo sakvebismieri moSxamvlebi da nawlavuri diarea.
– ratom mainc da mainc zafxulobiT?
– 200-mde sxvadasxva saxis ba-
qteria arsebobs, romelic iwvevs zemoT aRniSnul daavadebebs mxolod da mxolod sicxis dros. sxva dros es baqteriebi ar aris saSiSi adamianis organizmisTvis anu maTi gamravlebis intensivoba matulobs garemos temperaturis matebis paralelurad da sabolood, baqteriis raodenoba imdenad Warbi xdeba, rom iwvevs daavadebas.
– sad budoben es baqteriebi?
– yvela im produqtSi, romlis Senaxvis Tu Termuli damuSavebis pirobebi darRveulia. cxadia, dakvirvebixarT, ramdeni xil-bostneulia quCebSi daxlebze, mcxunvare mzeze. swored maSin mravldebian es baqteriebi da mavne xdebian adamianis janmrTelobisTvis.
– ras akeTebs Tqveni centri am problemis mosagvareblad?
– daxlebis gadatana Cvens kompetenciaSi ar Sedis, magram am etapze Cveni yoveldRiuri zedamxedvelobis qveSaa zemoT xsenebuli daavadebebi. kerZod, regionis yvela tipis samedicino dawesebulebidan Semogvdis informacia. marTalia, momarTvebma imata, magram vimeoreb: wels gacilebiT naklebi SemTxvevebia SarSandelTan SedarebiT. Tuki SarSan am periodSi yoveldRiurad registrirdeboda 70-80 SemTxveva, wels 40-50-ia. rogorc Tavad darwmundiT, klebadi dinamikaa. produqtebis garda isic unda gaviTvaliswinoT, rom am periodSi qalaqSi gacilebiT metia mosaxleoba – turistebi, stumrebi da a.S. xalxi matulobs, momarTvebic, Sesabamisad, izrdeba. ivlis-agvistoSi igi Tavis piks aRwevs da mTeli wlis 70-80% swored am periodSi iyris Tavs. Tumca arasakurorto sezonze, ase, oqtombridan, SemTxvevebi Cveul fonur maCvenebels uaxlovdeba.
– vfiqrob, ar iqneba urigo, Tuki mosaxleobas mivawvdiT rekomendaciebs, rogor moiqcnen msgavsi SemTxvevebis Tavidan asacileblad…
– pirvel rigSi, sasmel wyals miaqcion yuradReba, gamoyenebis win sasurvelia, darwmundnen mis usafrTxoebaSi…
– Tqven sasmeli wylis usafrTxoebis maCvenebelSi geparebaT eWvi?
– ara, ras ambobT. Cven Semogvdis informacia sursaTis erovnuli saagentodan da `baTumis wylidan~. yoveldRiurad vecnobiT analizis Sedegebs da viciT, rom igi normis farglebSia. Tuki raime lokaluri dazianebaa, saTanado organoebi maSinve uzrunvelyofen amkeris aRdgenas. aqve getyviT, rom sufTa wyali unda gamoviyenoT ara mxolod dasalevad, aramed xil-bostneulis garecxvisas da sadilis mozadebisas.
– boTlebSi dabeWdil wyals gulisxmobT?
– ara, sasmeli wyali CvenTan Cveulebriv onkanidan modis. am mxriv yvelaferi wesrigSia.
– ukacravad, ver gagigeT, binZuri wyliT vinme recxavs xil-bostneuls an sadils akeTebs?
– kargi, ufro detalurad avxsni. aris wylis milebis lokaluri dazianebis SemTxvevebi. rodesac wyali wydeba, CarTvisas unda acadoT 10 wuTi mainc, rom milebi gaiwmindos. maSinve ar daagrovoT an ar ixmaroT. Tanac Tuki SeamCnieT moyviTalo feri, araTu ar dalioT, gasarecxadac ar gamoiyenoT, sanam ar daiwmindeba da gamWvirvale ar gaxdeba. agreTve, aucilebelia xelebis xSiri dabana da piradi higienis dacva.. is pirovneba, romelsac aReniSneba gulisreva an diareis simptomebi, ar unda CarTon sakvebis momzadebis procesSi. es rekomendacia, ufro, sazogadoebrivi kvebis obieqtebis personals exeba. garda amisa, unda daicvan dabali temperaturuli reJimi samacivre pirobebSi. erTad ar unda SevawyoT umi xorci, bostneuli an gamzadebuli sadili. unda ganisazRvros Termuli damuSavebac, produqti kargad moixarSos an Seiwvas. Sesabamisad, unda daicvan maRali temperaturuli reJimi. kidev uamravi ram aris gasaTvaliswinebeli, magram am SemTxvevaSi xazi gavusvi aucilebels. vfiqrob, imas aRar unda Sexseneba, rom ojaxSi dezinfeqcia unda xdebodes specialuri xsnarebiT, romelic ukve yvelasaTvis xelmisawvdomia.
– zafxulisTvis damaxasiaTebel sxva daavadebebze ras gvetyviT, kidev ras unda vufrTxodeT?
– zafxuli aseve aris mwerebiT gavrcelebuli daavadebebis sezoni. Cvens SemTxvevaSi, Tavi unda davizRvioT malariisgan, radgan kargad mogexsebaT, baTumi uxsovari droidan warmoadgens malariul zonas.
– megona, es saukunis win iyo…
– diax, asea, magram epidafeTqeba swored imitom ar xdeba, rom yovel wels vatarebT malariis sawinaaRmdego prevenciul RonisZiebebs. saTanado xsnarebiT muSavdeba aTasobiT heqtari. malariis gadamtania koRo anofelesi. Cven mier gaweuli Zalisxmevis Sedegia is, rom am bolo wlebSi malariis adgilobrivi SemTxveva ar gvqonia, mxolod oriode fiqsirdeba, isic mezRvaurebis mier sxva qveynidan Semotanili da maSinve viRebT saTanado zomebs misi gavrcelebis saSiSroebis aRmosafxvrelad.
– sxva koRoebis mier gadatanil infeqciebze ras gvetyviT? rogorc cnobilia, infeqcia denge gvxvdeba msoflios tropikul da subtropikul regionebSi. bolo wlebSi, urbanul da naxevradurbanul raionebSi misma gavrcelebam gansakuTrebiT imata, rac saerTaSoriso jandacvisaTvis udides SemaSfoTebel faqtors warmoadgens. aWarac xom subtropikuli zonaa?
– diax, dafiqisrebulia aedesis saxeobis koRo, romelsac gadaaqvs denges da zikas virusebi da gvevlinebian yviTeli ciebis gadamtanebad. es ar aris Cveni regionisTvis damaxasiaTebeli daavadeba, arc adgilobrivi da arc Semotanili SemTxveva dafiqsirebula, magram miuxedavad amisa, aqtiurad vatarebT prevenciul RonisZiebebs. sanapiro zolSi yvela sacxovrebeli da arasacxovrebeli farTi dezinseqtantiT muSavdeba. wels dagegmilia 1 milion 520 kvadratuli metri farTobis damuSaveba. aqedan ukve damuSavda 760 aTasi kvm. garda amisa, manqanis saburavebiT movaWre obieqtebs da vulkanizaciebsac vamuSavebT. aRniSnuli koRoebisTvis rezinis Tbili notio garemo gamravlebis wyaro xdeba.
– mosaxleobam riTi unda daicvas Tavi am koRoebisgan?
– fanjrebze mwerebis sawinaaRmdego badeebis dayenebiT, specialuri medikamentebis gamoyenebiT. axla mravladaa vazelinebi, sacxebi, aerozolebi, rac kidec afrTxobs koRoebs da kidec aSuSebs maT nakbens. gansakuTrebiT patarebs unda miaqcion yuradReba. saxlis ezoebSi ar unda iyos wvimis dagubebuli wyali. patara guburebSic ki sakmao intensivobiTaa SesaZlebeli maTi gamravleba. ar datovoT wyali arc sayvavile qoTnebSi. SeecadeT icxovroT mSral, sufTa garemoSi.
– rac Seexeba saburavebiT movaWreebs, radenad icaven am wesebs?
– saburavebis realizatorebs miveciT rekomendaciebi, rom uzrunvelyon saqonlis mSral sardafebSi Senaxva-dasawyobeba, xolo wvimaSi – maTi gadaxurva. Tu simSrale ver SevinarCuneT, mxolod xsnarebiT damuSavebiT ver mivaRwevT usafrTxoebas.
– marTalia, rom cofis sawinaaRmdego vaqcinacia fasiani gaxda?
– ara, Tavad antirabiuli vaqcina ufasoa pacientisTvis, radgan igi finansdeba imunizaciis saxelmwifo programiT. fasiania eqimis konsultacia. mogexsenebaT, zafxulobiT matulobs saeWvo cxovelebisgan dakbenilTa ricxvi. aucilebelia, rom nebismierma, saeWvo cxovelisgan dazaralebulma mimarTos antirabiul kabinets.
– ratom matulobs dakbenilTa raodenoba – cxela da cxovelebi ufro agresiulebi xdebian?
– esecaa erT-erTi mizezi, Tumca, ZiriTadi, Zalian elementarulia – turistebi Semodian, meti adamiania qalaqSi da metia dazaralebulic.
– mzis rujis Sedegad dazaralebulTa ricxvic matulobs albaT zafxulobiT?
– diax, es rogorc yovelTvis, welsac asea. mivmarTavT mosaxleobas, sakuTari usafrTxoebis mizniT Tavi Seikavon 11-dan 5 saaTamde plaJze yofnisgan, airidon kanis damwvroba, radgan SesaZlebelia amas siTburi dakvra da mZime garTulebebi mohyves.
– ramdenad sufTaa zRva?
– aWaris garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis sammarTvelom zRvis wylis monitoringi sabanao sezonze ukve daiwyo. 7 wertilidan aRebuli sinjis safuZvelze gakeTebuli zRvis wylis analizis Sedegad acxadeben, rom wyali sufTaa anu daSvebuli normis farglebSia. mogexsenebaT, zRva sruliad steriluri ver iqneba. ase rom, kidev erTxel mivmarTavT mosaxleobas – Tavad miiRon sakuTari usafrTxoebis zomebi, xolo rac Segvexeba Cven, yvelafers gavakeTebT imisaTvis rom maT jansaRi cxovrebis pirobebi SevuqmnaT.
* * *
P.S. denges ZiriTad gadamtans warmoadgens koRo Aedes aegypti. adamianebSi virusis gadacema xdeba inficirebuli mdedri koRos nakbeniT. virusis mTavari matareblebi da gamavrceleblebi daavadebuli adamianebi arian. isini koRoebisaTvis warmoadgenen virusis wyaros. pacientebs, romlebic ukve arian denges virusiT inficirebuli, Aedes koRoebis meSveobiT pirveli simptomebis gamoCenidan 4-5 dRis ganmavlobaSi (maqsimum 12 dRe) SeuZliaT infeqciis gadacema.
koRo Aedes aegypti cxovrobs urbanul garemoSi da ZiriTadad mravldeba adamianis mier Seqmnil iseT konteinerebsa da saTavsoebSi, sadac garkveuli periodis ganmavlobaSi grovdeba wyali. sxva koRoebisagan gansxvavebiT, Ae. aegypti ikvebeba dRisiT; misi kbenis yvelaze maRali sixSire fiqsirdeba adre diliT da Sebindebamde. gamokvebis yoveli periodisas, mdedri koRo kbens ramdenime adamians.
dengeze eWvi unda miitanoT, rodesac maRal cxelebas axlavs CamoTvlilidan ori simptomi mainc: mwvave Tavis tkivili, Tvalebis ukan tkivili, tkivili kunTebsa da saxsrebSi, gulisreva, pirRebineba, SeSupebuli jirkvlebi an gamonayari. inficirebuli koRos kbenisa da 4-10 dRiani inkubaciuri periodis Semdeg, avadmyofobis simptomebi ZiriTadad 2-7 dRes grZeldeba. plazmis gamodinebis, siTxis akumulaciis, respiratoruli distresis (sunTqvis gaZneleba), mwvave sisxldenis an organoTa mdgomareobis gauaresebis gamo, mwvave denge aris potenciurad momakvdinebeli garTuleba. misi mkurnalobisas, mniSvnelovania pacientis sxeulis siTxis moculobis SenarCuneba.
denges sawinaaRmdego vaqcina ar arsebobs. dResdReobiT ramdenime vaqcina gamocdis sxvadasxva fazaSia.
virusis SemTxveva saqarTveloSi pirvelad 2013 wels dafiqsirda. Ddaavadebis Semomtani sxva qveynis moqalaqe iyo.