მურმან ცეცხლაძე: აღნიშნული მოდელი ბევრად უფრო სამართლიანია
2017 wlis 31 oqtombers miRebuli saqarTvelos kanonproeqti – `dagrovebiTi pensiis Sesaxeb~ 2018 wlis pirveli seqtembridan amoqmeddeba. masmediaSi am Temaze sja-baasi dRemde ar wydeba. bunebrivia sazogadoebis interesi am sakiTxisadmi, radgan uzrunvelyofili sibere, dRes Tu xval, TiToeuli CvenganisTvis aucilebelia. es sakiTxi mniSvnelovan rols TamaSobs politikuri TvalsazrisiTac. mainc rogoria axali sapensio sistema, SevZlebT ki uzrunvelvyoT sakuTari Tavi Rirseuli sapensio anazRaurebiT? Aamaze dRes baTumis SoTa rusTavelis universitetis profesori, ekonomikis eqsperti murman cecxlaZe gvesaubreba.
– batono murman, ras warmoadgens axali sapensio sistema, reforma, romelic ganxorcieldeba, ramdenad efeqturi iqneba?
– axali sapensio sistemis mixedviT, TiToeuli dasaqmebuli (TviTdasaqmebuli) Tanxas agrovebs sakuTar sapensio angariSze, sadac Tanxa grovdeba Semdegi formulis mixedviT: 2%+2%+2%=6%. aqedan 2%-s Tavad ricxavs sakuTari xelfasidan Tu Semosavlidan, 2%-s damsaqmebeli uxdis, da 2%-s umatebs saxelmwifo, anu yovelTviurad dasaqmebulis sapensio angariSze Cairicxeba mTliani (da ara im Tanxis, rasac xelze iRebs) xelfasis 6%.
sapensio angariSze dagrovil Tanxas specialuri sapensio fondi gankargavs, aRniSnul fuls garkveul saprocento ganakveTs daaricxavs da moqalaqeebs am Tanxas pensiis saxiT daubrunebs.
aRsaniSnavia, rom es kontribucia gaTavisuflebulia saSemosavlo gadasaxadisagan, rogorc gadaxdis, dagrovebis, aseve pensiis gacemis nawilSi. saSemosavlo gadasaxadisagan aseve gaTavisuflebulia is sainvesticio Semosavalic, romelsac monawile miiRebs sakuTari sapensio aqtivebis investirebis Sedegad.
reforma ar gulisxmobs arsebuli sabaziso pensiis gauqmebas, aramed uzrunvelyofs SedarebiT Rirseuli pensiis gacemas momaval pensionerebze. is sakmaod grZelvadian periodzea (40 weli da meti) gaTvlili.
– es reforma, ZiriTadad, romeli Taobis pensionerebs Seexeba da Zveli Taobis pensionerebis sakiTxi rogor gadawydeba?
– sapensio reforma vrceldeba saqarTvelos moqalaqeebze, an saqarTveloSi mudmivad mcxovreb ucxo qveynis moqalaqeebze an moqalaqeobis armqone pirebze, romlebic arian dasaqmebulni an TviTdasaqmebulni da iReben Semosavals am dasaqmebidan an TviTdasaqmebidan.
aqve ganvmartavT, rom dasaqmebulis kategorias ganekuTvneba yvela, vinc anazRaurebas gaformebuli kontraqtis Sedegad iRebs. rac Seexeba TviTdasaqmebulebs, eseni arian individualuri mewarmeebi da arasamewarmeo saqmianobiT dakavebuli fizikuri pirebi.
am sistemaSi CarTva nebayoflobiTia TviTdasaqmebulTaTvis da im dasaqmebulTaTvis, romlebsac ukve SeusruldaT 40 weli kanonis ZalaSi Sesvlamde, xolo 40 wlamde asakis dasaqmebulTaTvis am sistemaSi CarTva savaldebuloa. rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, kanonis proeqti `dagrovebiTi pensiebis Sesaxeb~ ar gulisxmobs arsebuli sabaziso pensiis gauqmebas. aqedan gamomdinare, Zveli Taobis pensionerebs SeuZliaT an dakmayofildnen sabaziso pensiiT an Caeban am sistemaSi da pensiamde darCenili periodi gamoiyenon damatebiTi Tanxebis dagrovebisaTvis.
– sainvesticio sapensio sistemis im modelebidan, romlebiTac mowinave qveynebi sargebloben, CvenTvis gasaTvaliswinebeli romelia?
– sapensio sistemas ori ZiriTadi mizani aqvs: xandazmulTa siRaribis donis Semcireba da sicocxlisTvis aucilebeli moTxovnilebebis dakmayofileba pensiamdeli mdgomareobis naxevris SenarCunebiT mainc. xandazmulTa siRaribes, rogorc wesi, saxelmwifo pensiebiT umklavdebian, xolo ufro maRali cxovrebiseuli pirobebis SenarCunebisTvis gamoiyeneba e.w. dagrovebiTi pensia. dagrovebiTi sapensio sistema SesaZlebelia iyos rogorc kerZo, aseve saxelmwifosgan kontrolirebadi. bolo aTi wlis ganmavlobaSi msoflioSi saxelmwifo pensiasTan SedarebiT dagrovebiTi pensiis roli gaizarda. yvelgan sapensio reforma gatarda qveynis specifikis gaTvaliswinebiT. arsebobs qveynebi, sadac dagrovebiT sapensio sqemaSi savaldebuloa monawileoba (saxelmwifo pensiasTan erTad), aseTebia: avstralia, dania, estoneTi, fineTi, islandia, israeli, norvegia, poloneTi, slovakeTi, SvedeTi, Sveicaria, xolo zogierT qveyanaSi (italia, axali zelandia, didi britaneTi) dagrovebiT pensiaSi monawileoba nebayoflobiTia.
msoflioSi arsebobs sapensio sistemis sami ZiriTadi saxe:
1. individualuri dagrovebiTi pensia – sapensio gadasaxadebs ixdis Tavad dasaqmebuli an daqiravebuli (damokidebulia qveynis kanonmdeblobaze). Senatanebi iricxeba specialur angariSze, sadac grovdeba mTeli samuSao staJis ganmavlobaSi. pensiaze gasvlis Semdeg, pensiis odenoba iangariSeba dagrovebuli Tanxidan.
2. `gasanawilebeli~ pensia, romelic efuZneba sapensio baJs, `TaobaTa solidarobis~ principze dayrdnobiT. es sqema kargad imuSavebs, Tu demografiuli problema qveyanas ar aqvs. 1 pensioneris Sesanaxad saWiroa 4-5 momuSave.
3. `gasanawilebeli~ pensiis meore saxeoba, romelic efuZneba saerTo sabaJo Semosavlebs. es sapensio saxeoba gamoiyeneba maTTvis, vinc ar muSaobs, invalidia, marCenaldakargulia da a. S.
zogadad, qveynebis umravlesobaSi, gamoiyeneba kombinirebuli sapensio sistema, romelic moicavs or an samive tips. ganviTarebul qveynebSi `gasanawilebeli~ sapensio saxeebis gamoyeneba wlidan wlamde mcirdeba, radganac sul ufro meti pensioneri modis momuSave Tanamoqalaqeebze. aqedan dagrovebiTi pensia, msoflios sxvadasxva qveynis sapensio sistemaSi erT-erTi mniSvnelovani nawilia. evropasa da aSS-Si dagrovebiT sapensio sistemaSi monawileobs mosaxleobis daaxloebiT 80%, aziis qveynebSi – 40%, xolo afrikis qveynebSi – mosaxleobis mxolod 5%. mraval qveyanaSi arasaxelmwifo sapensio fondebi uzrunvelyofen sapensio gadaxdebs saSualod 20%-iT, aSS-Si, kanadaSi, did britaneTsa da avstraliaSi – 40%-iT, xolo CexeTSi, poloneTSi, ungreTsa da slovakeTSi maTi wili 5%-ze naklebia.
saqarTvelos mTavrobis mier SemoTavazebuli sapensio reforma ar aris mravalsvetovani, is mxolod saxelmwifosa (sabaziso pensia) da kerZos svetebis kombinaciaa, ar aris gaTvaliswinebuli Sualeduri safexuri, romelic, rogorc wesi, solidarobis principzea agebuli, sadac mSromelebi Senatanebs ki axorcieleben, magram uxdian arsebul pensionerebs da ara sakuTar Tavs momavalSi.
rogorc vxedavT, SemoTavazebuli sistema gansxvavdeba sxva qveynebis sapensio modelebisagan.
– amboben, rom pensionerTa raodenoba dRiTi dRe izrdeba, es faqtori ra gavlenas moaxdens sapensio sistemaze?
– mTel msoflioSi da maT Soris saqarTveloSic, izrdeba sicocxlis saSualo xangrZlivoba, amasTan, klebulobs Sobadobis koeficienti, izrdeba saSualo asaki, asakiani mosaxleobis fardobiTi wili. martivad rom vTqvaT, planetis mosaxleoba berdeba. mTavrobebi mosaxleobis ukmayofilebis fonze iZulebulni xdebian, gazardon sapensio asaki.
saqarTveloSi asakiT pensionerTa ricxvi 720 aTass aRemateba, Tu mas davumatebT SSm pirebs, marCenaldakargulebs da specialur kategorias, ricxvi 880 aTasamde gaizrdeba. es maSin, roca kontraqtiT dasaqmebulTa raodenoba 750 aTasze naklebia. aseT viTarebaSi pensiis radikalurad gazrda Teoriuladac ki warmoudgenelia. 10 lariT gazrda weliwadSi 86 milioni lari jdeba da es ricxvi wlidan wlamde, pensionerTa raodenobis matebasTan erTad, izrdeba. naTelia, rom axlo momavalSi pensia ver gaxdeba 300 laric ki, rac TavisTavad aseve Zalian mcire Tanxaa. 2030 wlisTvis asakiT pensionerTa odenoba 950 aTass miaRwevs, 2000 wels mxolod 550 aTasi iyo.
300-lariani pensiisTvis saWiro gaxdeba 3,42 miliardi lari. amJamad 180-larian pensiaze 1.53 miliardi lari ixarjeba, xarji gaizrdeba 2,24-jer. misi wili rom ar gaizardos mSp-Si (mTliani Sida produqti), saWiroa 7%-iani ekonomikuri zrda. 2016 wels ki zrdam mxolod 2,7% Seadgina. 2006 wels sapensio xarji Seadgenda 268 milion lars, mSp-s – 1,95%-s, 2015 wels – 1,3 miliards da mSp-s – 4,25%-s. arsebuli ekonomikuri zrdis tempis SenarCunebiT weliwadSi pensiis Tundac 10 lariT gazrdac ki gamoiwvevs mSp-Si sapensio xarjis 6,95%-mde gazrdas. es niSnavs imas, rom verc asakiani adamiani miiRebs Rirseul pensias da amave dros fuli moakldeba armias, ganaTlebas, infrastruqturas.
– rogorc Cans, dagrovebiTi pensiis modeli ufro samarTliania, vidre amJamad arsebuli, axal modelze gadasvlis Semdeg cvlilebebi pensiaze romeli wlidanaa mosalodneli?
– damoukideblobis mopovebidan 26 wlis Semdeg socialuri foni qveyanaSi kvlav mZimea.
maRalia umuSevarTa da siRaribis zRvars qvemoT mcxovrebTa procentuli wili. dabalia pensia da socialuri Semweobebi.
marTalia, adamianebs dResac axsovT 8-lariani pensia, romelsac ukeTes SemTxvevaSi weliwadSi 5-jer iRebdnen, magramA es ar niSnavs imas, rom dRevandeli pensia sakmarisia Tavis gasatanad.
saqarTveloSi amJamad moqmedebs socialuri sapensio sistema. e.w. pay-as-you-go. anu dasaqmebulebi afinanseben pensionerebs. qalebi 60 wlis asakidan da mamakacebi 65 wlis asakidan, ganurCevlad samuSao staJisa, muSaobis periodSi xelfasis odenobisa, sacxovrebeli adgilisa an raime sxva faqtorisa, iReben 180 lars TveSi. es, Tavisi arsiT, ufro socialuri daxmarebaa, vidre pensia.
dRes erTi, razec yvela Tanxmdeba, arsebuli pensiis simcire da reformis aucileblobaa. es ganpirobebulia Semdegi faqtorebiT:
– bolo ori aTeuli wlis ganmavlobaSi mkveTrad Semcirda Sobadoba da gaizarda migracia;
– qveyanaSi gaizarda inflacia, rac aucileblad unda gaviTvaliswinoT pensionerTa msyidvelunarianobis SesanarCuneblad, raTa sapensio sqema marTlac gaxdes siRaribesTan brZolis mniSvnelovani instrumenti;
– izrdeba sapensio xarjebi, 2015 wels man mSp-s 4,25% Seadgina da xarjebis kidev ufro meti zrdaa mosalodneli, maSin rodesac 2006 wels, is 1,05% iyo;
– aucilebelia moqalaqis mier gamomuSavebuli xelfasis pirdapirproporciulad damatebiTi danazogebisTvis meqanizmebis SemuSaveba;
– saWiroa grZelvadiani sapensio danazogebis danergva da ekonomikuri zrdis xelSewyoba kapitalis bazris ganviTarebis meSveobiT.
dResdReobiT msoflioSi arsebobs ramdenime saxis sapensio sistema. saxelmwifo (socialuri), dagrovebiTi, romelic Tavis mxriv kerZoa an saxelmwifo, savaldebulo an arasavaldebulo. amaTgan Tu romeli midgomaa ukeTesi, erTiani azri ar arsebobs.
sapensio reforma, romelic dagrovebiTi sapensio sistemis Seqmnas gulisxmobs, saqarTvelos ekonomikisa da mdgradi ganviTarebis saministrom saqarTvelos finansTa saministrosTan da erovnul bankTan erTad moamzada.
aRsaniSnavia, rom kanonproeqtze muSaoba mimdinareobda donorebis (msoflio banki, aziis ganviTarebis banki, USAID G4G, saerTaSoriso savaluto fondi, safrangeTis ganviTarebis saagento) aqtiuri monawileobiT, rac gulisxmobs saqarTvelos xelisuflebisadmi maT mxardaWeras reformis ganxorcielebis procesSi.
SemoTavazebuli sapensio sistema iTvaliswinebs dagrovili Tanxis investirebas, ris Sedegadac pensioners daericxeba sainvesticio Semosavalic. Sesabamisad, sistemaSi CarTul moqalaqes sapensio asakisTvis ukve eqneba garkveuli danazogi, romelic saxelmwifo pensiasTan erTad gaaumjobesebs misi socialuri uzrunvelyofis dones sapensio asakSi.
sapensio aqtivebis investireba moxdeba saerTaSoriso standartebis dacviT, maRalkvalificiuri da gamocdili wevrebisgan Semdgari sainvesticio sabWos mier SemuSavebuli sainvesticio politikis Sesabamisad, romelic gaiTvaliswinebs sainvesticio instrumentebis likvidurobis da xarisxobrivi maxasiaTeblebis maRal standartebs iseve, rogorc diversificirebulobis da usafrTxoebis sxva normebs.
aRniSnuli modeli bevrad ufro samarTliania, radgan is iTvaliswinebs individualur faqtorebs – wvlils, romelic adamianma Seitana sazogadoebriv cxovrebasa da qveynis ekonomikur ganviTarebaSi. rac mTavaria, am SemTxvevaSi adamianis sibere naklebad aris damokidebuli konkretuli mTavrobis xedvasa da Sefasebaze pensiis odenobasTan dakavSirebiT. Tumca sistemis gareT rCeba adamiani, romelic obieqturi Tu subieqturi mizezebidan gamomdinare ver moxvda SromiT bazarze da, Sesabamisad, mas arc pensiis dagrovebis SesaZlebloba miscemia.
rac Seexeba SesamCnev cvlilebebs pensiis odenobaze, – es mosalodnelia daaxloebiT 20-25 wlis Semdeg, radgan dagrovebiTi sapensio sistemis wevroba savaldebuloa 40 wlamde asakis dasaqmebulebisaTvis, anu im adamianebisaTvis, romlebic pensiaze 20 (qalebisaTvis), 25 (mamakacebisaTvis) wlis Semdeg gavlen. ra Tqma unda, sistemaSi 40 welze meti asakis dasaqmebulebsac SeuZliaT nebayoflobiT CarTva, magram maT mier dagrovili Tanxa SeuZliaT erTianad gaitanon pensiaze gasvlis Semdeg.
– modiT, ufro dawvrilebiT gangvimarteT, axali modelis Tanaxmad, dasaqmebulma rogor unda daagrovos pensia?
– erTxel kidev davazustoT am sqemis struqtura. `dagrovebiTi pensiis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonproeqtis mixedviT, dagrovebiTi sapensio sqemis monawile dasaqmebulis Senatanebis dafinanseba ganxorcieldeba Semdegi saxiT:
a) TiToeuli damsaqmebeli xelfasis gacemisas dagrovebiTi sapensio sqemis monawile TiToeuli dasaqmebulis individualur sapensio angariSze ricxavs masze gasacemi xelfasis or (2) procents dasabegri xelfasis im moculobaze, romelic ar aRemateba am dasaqmebulisaTvis wliurad xelfasis saxiT gacemul samoci aTas (60 000) lars;
b) dagrovebiTi sapensio sqemis monawile TiToeuli dasaqmebulis saxeliT damsaqmebeli dasaqmebulis individualur sapensio angariSze ricxavs dasaqmebulze gasacemi xelfasis or (2) procents dasabegri xelfasis im moculobaze, romelic ar aRemateba am dasaqmebulisaTvis wliurad xelfasis saxiT gacemul samoci aTas (60 000) lars;
g) dagrovebiTi sapensio sqemis monawile TviTdasaqmebuli ganaxorcielebs Senatans Tavisi Semosavlis oTxi procentis (4%) odenobiT weliwadSi samoci aTasi (60 000) laris moculobis Semosavalze;
d) dagrovebiTi sapensio sqemis TiToeuli monawilis sasargeblod saxelmwifo monawilis individualur sapensio angariSze gadaricxavs or (2) procents xelfasis an/da TviTdasaqmebulis Semosavlis im moculobaze, romelic jamurad ar aRemateba monawilis mier wliuri xelfasis an/da TviTdasaqmebulis Semosavlis saxiT miRebul ocdaoTxi aTas (24 000) lars, xolo erT (1) procents monawilis mier xelfasis an/da TviTdasaqmebulis Semosavlis saxiT miRebul Tanxaze ocdaoTxi aTasi (24 000) laridan samoci aTas (60 000) laramde.
– am sistemaSi CarTva dasaqmebulisaTvis nebayoflobiTia Tu savaldebulo?
– sistema nawilobriv savaldebulo principiT moqmedebs. mivyveT kanonproeqts etapobrivad: mimdinare wlis seqtembridan sapensio sqemaSi avtomaturad CaerTveba yvela moqalaqe, vinc anazRaurebas gaformebuli kontraqtis Sedegad iRebs. rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, 40 wlis asakamde dasaqmebulTaTvis am sistemaSi CarTva savaldebuloa, xolo is dasaqmebuli, romelsac am kanonis ZalaSi Sesvlamde Seusrulda ormoci (40) weli da romelsac ar surs iyos dagrovebiTi sapensio sqemis monawile, uflebamosilia, werilobiT mimarTos sapensio saagentos da gavides dagrovebiTi sapensio sqemidan, oRond, sapensio saagentos mier dadgenili wesebis Sesabamisad, rac imaSi mdgomareobs, rom es unda moxdes am sqemaSi avtomaturad gawevrianebis dRidan xuTi (5) Tvis ganmavlobaSi, magram gawevrianebidan aranakleb sami (3) Tvisa. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi dasaqmebuli rCeba dagrovebiTi sapensio sqemis monawiled.
damsaqmebels ekrZaleba dasaqmebulis darwmuneba an gadarwmuneba dagrovebiT sapensio sqemaSi monawileobaze, an raime sxva formiT zemoqmedeba.
dasaqmebuls, romelic uars ganacxadebs dagrovebiT sapensio sqemaSi monawileobaze, SeuZlia nebismier dros Tavidan gawevriandes dagrovebiT sapensio sqemaSi sapensio saagentos mier dadgenili wesiT. monawilis xelaxali gawevrianebisas damsaqmeblis, dasaqmebulis da saxelmwifos sapensio Senatanebis ganxorcieleba daiwyeba gawevrianebidan xelfasis pirveli gadaxdisTanave.
nebayoflobiTia, agreTve, am sistemaSi gawevrianeba TviTdasaqmebulTaTvis.
dasaqmebuls SeeZleba pensiaze gasvlis gadavadebac. anu, qals SeiZleba Seusruldes 60 weli, magram is ar gava pensiaze da muSaobas gaagrZelebs. rodesac adamiani sapensio asaks aRwevs, misi damsaqmeblisa da saxelmwifos mxridan am sapensio sistemaSi mis sasargeblod Tanxis gadaxdis valdebuleba wydeba, magram Tavad adamians SeuZlia gaagrZelos dagroveba da Tavisi 2% Seitanos manam, sanam pensiaze ar gava.
garda amisa, waxalisdeba
6%-s zemoT damatebiTi, nebayoflobiTi Senatani.
– SeiZleba Tu ara dagrovili Tanxis gamoyeneba sapensio asakis miRwevamde?
– proeqtis mixedviT dagrovili Tanxis gamoyeneba sapensio asakis miRwevamde SesaZlebelia mxolod Semdeg SemTxvevaSi:
`piris gardacvalebisas, mis mier dazogili Tanxa mis memkvidres gadaecema.
`Tu moqalaqe gaxda SezRuduli SesaZleblobis piri;
`Tu piri saqarTvelos moqalaqeobaze uars ityvis, Tumca, am SemTxvevaSi Tanxas 1/3 akldeba (anu saxelmwifos kontribuciis 1/3).
– rogorc aRiniSna, reforma iTvaliswinebs ara pirdapir dagrovebas, aramed Sereul modelze gadasvlas, rasac albaT Tavisi logikuri axsna moeZebneba, gviTxariT amis Sesaxeb.
– dRevandeli mdgomareobiT, rogorc viciT, pensia finansdeba erTiani saxelmwifo biujetidan, atarebs socialuri daxmarebis xasiaTs da misiT sargeblobis ufleba, miuxedavad samuSao gamocdilebisa, aqvs sapensio asaks miRweul nebismier pirs.
sainteresoa, rom arsebuli gamoTvlebiT, xelfasis pensiiT Canacvlebis koeficienti daaxloebiT 18-20%-ia. Canacvlebis koeficienti, es aris cneba, romelic socialur pensiasa da saSualo xelfass Soris Tanafardobas aRniSnavs. cxadia, optimaluria is pensia, romelic yvelaze maRal CanacvlebiT koeficients mogvcems.
dRes arsebuli sapensio sistemiT, Canacvlebis koeficientis araTu zrda, aramed SenarCunebac sakmaod rTulia. monawileTa Senatanebze dafuZnebuli sistemis danergva ki, romelic damatebiTi Semosavlis wyaro gaxdeba, socialur pensiasTan erTad SedarebiT maRal CanacvlebiT koeficients warmoSobs.
reformatorTa gaTvliT, Tu moqalaqes xelfasi 1000 lari aqvs, dagrovebiTi pensiis pirobebSi, 30 wlis Semdeg misi pensia iqneba daaxloebiT 500 lars (igulisxmeba dRevandeli msyidvelunarianoba) plus sabaziso pensia.
Tumca realur ekonomikaSi, is, Tu ra pensiebs aiReben moqalaqeebi momavalSi, araerT faqtorzea damokidebuli, romelTa winaswar ganWvreta praqtikulad SeuZlebelia. es faqtorebia xelfasebis zrdis saSualo tempi, ekonomikuri zrdis tempi, fondis mier daricxuli saprocento ganakveTi, inflaciis maCvenebeli, safinanso seqtoris sijansaRe, mosaxleobis sicocxlis saSualo xangrZlivoba da ase Semdeg.
arsebobs alternatiuli gaTvlebic, romlis mixedviTac, Tu pirma, romlis saSualo Tviuri xelfasi iyo 1500 lari, pirobiTad imuSava 30 weli da am xnis ganmavlobaSi mis sapensio angariSze ganxorcielda standartuli 6%-iani Senatani, amasTan, ar miiReba mxedvelobaSi inflaciisa da fondis mogebis SesaZlo damatebiTi procentebi, xolo pensiaze gasvlis Semdeg sicocxlis saSualo xangrZlivobas aTi wliT ganvsazRvravT, maSin, yovelTviuri pensia gamodis 270 lari. 1500-lariani xelfasis SemTxvevaSi es gvaZlevs 18%-ian CanacvlebiT koeficients, rac amJamindel CanacvlebiT koeficients uTanabrdeba da gazrdil monacems ar gvaZlevs.
magram Tu mxolod iseT ZiriTad faqtorebs gaviTvaliswinebT, rogorebicaa inflacia, xelfasebis zrdis tempi da daricxuli saprocento ganakveTi, pirobiTad SesaZlebelia gavakeToT pensiebis modelireba da SeiZleba miviRoT SedarebiT maRali maCvenebeli.
– rogorc Cans, momavalSi ori tipis pensia iarsebebs – socialuri da dagrovebiTi. socialuri pensiis gasaumjobeseblad ra RonisZiebebia dasaxuli?
– SemoTavazebuli reformis mixedviT, SenarCundeba arsebuli sabaziso pensia, romelic, Tavis mxriv, mibmuli iqneba saarsebo minimumze da moxdeba indeqsacia inflaciisa da saSualo xelfasis zrdis tendenciis mixedviT.
