რატომ არ არის მომგებიანი ყველის წარმოება ყველის ქვეყანაში?
ირმა ცეცხლაძე 27 48 94
yveli saqarTvelos mosaxleobis kvebis racionis erT-erTi ZiriTadi produqtia. misi warmoeba-gayidva lamis yvelaze sarfianad miiCneva soflis meurneobaSi dasaqmebulebisaTvis, Tumca, rogorc aRmoCnda, praqtikaSi vawydebiT iseT garemoebebs, romelTa gaTvaliswinebac mogviwevs sul male saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi Setanili cvlilebebis Tanaxmad da es produqti deficituri gaxdeba qveynis masStabiT.
nebismieri Cvengani yvels yidulobs bazarSi, gare movaWreebTan, gemos usinjavs gamyidvelis mier CamoWril naWers, Semdeg iTxovs meores, mesames… sanam arCevans romelimeze ar SeaCerebs. amasTan, aravin fiqrobs baqteriul dabinZurebaze, rac mosalodnelia saTanado wesebis dacvis gareSe gayidvis dros. SeufuTavi yveli Cawyobili aqvT quCaSi dadgmul saTlebsa Tu kasrebSi, lamis gamvlelebis fexqveS.
ra xdeba am sferoSi, ramdenad saxifaToa yvelis yidva, rogor awarmoeben CvenTvis aucilebel am sakveb produqts da ra perspeqtivebia yvelis warmoebaSi, amaze saubrobs rZis teqnologiuri procesis gadamuSavebis eqsperti daviT slabinski
– batono daviT, saubari daviwyoT aWaraSi moqmedi yvelis sawarmoebiT.
– aq mxolod ori sawarmoa gaxsnili – axalSensa da xuloSi. saerTod, regionSi Zalian cotaa rZis mimRebi punqti, anu ar aris ganviTarebuli yvelis warmoebis sfero. axalSenSi didi problema hqondaT rZis miwodebis kuTxiT. ratomRac centralizebulad ver gvardeba problema, mosaxleoba ar muSaobs am mimarTulebiT. SesaZloa, sakmarisad arc aris informirebuli. faqtobrivad iqmneba rZis deficiti, arada, yvelam viciT, rom zemo aWaraSi bevria rZe.
– aWaruli CeCili yvelis deficiti namdvilad ar igrZnoba…
– diax, aq am saxeobis yvelia popularuli. naklebad moixmaren qarxnuls. marTalia, maRaziebSi devs, magram mcire raodenobiT iyideba. aq yvels qarxnuli wesiT TiTo-orola Tu amzadebs. iyideba glexuri teqnologiiT damzadebuli, rasac sursaTis uvnebloba veranairad ver akontrolebs da arc Seesabameba mis standartebs.
– bazarSi ramdenadaa daculi gayidvis wesebi?
– sxvaTa Soris, amas winaT viyaviT centralur bazarSi. SevamowmeT rZis produqtebis gayidvis pirobebi. miuxedavad imisa, rom mowyobili aqvT teritoria, gamoyofilia maTTvis macivrebi, absoluturad aravin icavs sanitariul normebs. macivarSi ar inaxaven produqcias – gamoSrebao. myidveli xeliT exeba yvels da sinjavs, rac dauSvebelia. rodesac SeniSvnas vaZlevT, quCaSi gaxsnil wertebze migviTiTeben da gveubnebian, `Cven ras gvTxovT, raRac higienas mainc vicavT, gare movaWreebTan naxeT, ra xdeba, ra pirobebSi yidian yvels~. arada, swored isini gviweven konkurencias da fassac gvkarnaxobeno.
– saTanado berketebi rom gqondeT, ras SecvlidiT?
– imdenad rTuli Temaa, kacma ar icis, saidan unda daiwyo moqmedeba. iqmneba kazusi. kerZod, adamiani, romelic sardafSi Tu abazanaSi akeTebda yvels, aRmoCnda saerTaSoriso organizaciis beneficiari, miiRo dafinanseba, auSenes Senoba yvela sanitariuli normis gaTvaliswinebiT. sursaTis uvneblobis samsaxuris moTxovnebis mixedviT, SeuZines Zvirad Rirebuli danadgarebi, spectansacmeli – TanamSromlebisTvis da sxva. amis Semdeg es pirovneba iwyebs yvelis warmoebas, magram sul cota xanSi aRiarebs, rom ver muSaobs da acxadebs, jobda isev abazanaSi mekeTebina yvelio.
– ratom xdeba ase?
– msgavs sawarmos, rogorc ki gaixsneba, uyeneben haspis moTxovnebs, romelic awesrigebs mTeli warmoebis process higienur-sanitariuli normebis dacviT.
cnobisaTvis: safrTxis analizisa da kritikuli sakontrolo wertilebis sistema (HACCP) aris sursaTis uvneblobis sistema. misi danergva, saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT, savaldebuloa rZis produqtebis mwarmoebeli biznesoperatorebisTvis, romlebic axorcieleben nedli rZis Termul (Tbur) damuSavebas. HACCP-is sistemis danergvaSi mewarmeebs sursaTis erovnuli saagento exmareba (treningebis da konsultaciebis saxiT). Tumca, bazarze arsebobs sakonsultacio kompaniebi, romlebic nergaven am sistemas sawarmoebSi (momsaxureba fasiania). saxelmwifo awarmoebs HACCP-is sistemis sawarmoebSi danergvis monitorings.
– da ratomaa es wamgebiani?
– rodesac mewarme awarmoebs yvels wesebis dacviT, unda daamzados pasterizebuli, gaciebuli rZiT, romelic moaqvs manqana-macivrebiT. xarjebi izrdeba ventilaciis, klimatis Seqmnis, komunaluri gadasaxadebis gamoc. danadgarebs, mogexsenebaT, bevri eleqtroenergia miaqvs. aqve gaixseneT formebi, Senobis Senaxva, sxvadasxva gadasaxadi… Sedis es maRali xarisxis produqti maRaziaSi da gverdiT udeben glexis mier xeldaxel amoRebul yvels 2-3-jer nakleb fasad. aba, gamoicaniT, romel yvels SearCevs myidvelTa umravlesoba?
– marketebSi xom ar Sedis glexuri warmoebis yveli?
– ras ambobT, dadeqiT diliT nebismieri, Tundac maRali klasis supermarketTan Tu restoranTan da dainaxavT, rogor SeaqvT fermerebs yveli vedroebiTa Tu CanTebiT. brmebi xom ar varT?
– samTavrobo struqturebi ratom ayovneben am sferoSi Carevas?
– es problema karga xania dgas saxelmwifo struqturebis winaSe. saqarTvelos parlamenti cdilobs miiRos dadgenileba zemoT CamoTvlili procesebis aRsakveTad, magram jerjerobiT ver axerxebs.
– opozicia uSlis xels Tu glexoba?
– obieqturi mizezebi. Tqven warmoidgineT, qarxnuli wesiT damzadebuli produqcia ar aris im raodenobiT, rom mosaxleobis moTxovnileba daakmayofilos. qarTuli gamoTqma `yveli, puri da keTili guli~ yveliT iwyeba anu ojaxSi sufra ar iSleba am produqtis gareSe. evropaSi erT-erT pirvel adgilze varT erT sul mosaxleze yvelis moxmarebis mixedviT. amdens, mgoni, arsad miirTmeven. aqedan gamomdinare, es akrZalva ZalaSi rom Sevides, didi deficitis pirobebSi aRmovCndebiT, Tanac yveli gaZvirdeba, radgan realuri fasi isaa, `santes~ da `nikoras~ yvels rom aweria. am dros, isic gaiTvaliswineT, rom am gigant sawarmoebs TiTqmis ar rCebaT mogeba am produqtisgan, minusSi awarmoeben. am segments toveben asortimentisTvis da imedad, rom rodisme gamoswordeba viTareba. maTi yveli, realurad, baqterialurad sufTaa, bavSvsac SeiZleba aWamo, magram Zviria saSualo momxmareblisTvis.
– gamodis, bazarSi nayidi yveli bavSvs ar unda aWamo?
– amas yvela eqsperti getyviT, magram saojaxo biujetidan gamomdinare, aravin iRebs seriozulad. aseve problemaa isic, rom naturaluri komponenti faqtobrivad amogdebulia yvelis warmoebidan, radgan sufTa rZis mopoveba saqarTveloSi praqtikulad SeuZlebelia. komisia rom Seiqmnas, moiaros mTeli qveyana, pirveli kategoriis rZes ver naxavs. es kategoria niSnavs – rZe Seesabamebodes evrokavSiris mier wayenebul moTxovnebs, kerZod, gansazRvrulia baqteriuli dabinZurebis daSvebuli doza.
– rac saqarTveloSi ialaRebia, iqac ver vnaxavT normalur naturalur rZes, Tanac mowesrigebuli Tu gveqneba mimRebi punqtebi?
– aris mowesrigebuli rZis mimRebi punqtebi, magram verc iq Caibareben pirveli kategoriis rZes, radgan wvela, praqtikulad, arahigienur pirobebSi warmoebs. fermebis umravlesobaSi ar aris wyali da Suqi. qveyanaSi TiTzea CamosaTvleli ferma, romelic daakmayofilebs evrostandartebs, isic didi ZalisxmeviT. dRes mewarmeebi cdiloben fxvnilze imuSaon, radgan haspis wesebiT ver miiReb yvels uvargisi rZisgan. Tanac, mogexsenebaT, zamTrobiT wveladoba klebulobs, xolo zafxulSi, rodesac Warbadaa rZe, ialaRebze wvelian Zroxebs mindvrebSi, talaxSi. iqve – Ria cis qveS ibarebs rZes mimRebi punqtebi. marTalia, filtraven, rom xiluli dabinZureba – balaxi, buzi, bewvi da a.S. moaSoron, Semdeg aciveben da mikrobiologiurad saSinlad dabinZurebuli CamoaqvT warmoebaSi. iq cdiloben gaukeTon pasterizacia (baqteriebisgan gawmenda). marTalia, am procesSi adamianisaTvis sasargeblo Tvisebebs es produqti kargavs, magram mavnebelic aRar aris. sxvaTa Soris, pasterizebuli rZisgan cudi xarisxis sulguni gamodis. amis miuxedavad, mTeli es procesi bevrgan Caanacvla fxvnilis komponentma, romelsac amateben sursaTis uvneblobis samsaxuris mier akrZalul uxarisxo mcenareul cximebs. ase awarmoebs yvels sawarmoTa 90%.
– naturalur karaqs aravin uSveba?
– naturaluri karaqi fizikurad TiTqmis aRar arsebobs. mokled, ukuRmarTi situaciaa. sxvaTa Soris, aris erTi sawarmo kaspSi, romelic cdilobs, mxolod naturalur produqtebze imuSaos da erTi grami fxvnilic ar Seurios produqts. madloba RmerTs, es sawarmo mflobelis srul dotaciazea da amiT axerxebs bazarze adgilis SenarCunebas.
– ramdenad saSiSia yveli, romelsac quCaSi Tu bazarSi vyidulobT? ukve seriozulad damafiqreT.
– erTs getyviT, stiv morgani, amerikeli eqsperti am sferoSi, romelic ukve 13-jeraa saqarTveloSi namyofi da Zalian gvgulSematkivrobs, gvexmareba warmoebis dalagebaSi, arc erT sufraze yvels ar miirTmevs, rac Zalian sawyenia CemTvis. ukve mec veridebi. sxva ra giTxraT… isicaa, CvenTan ar arsebobs yveliT mowamvlis SemTxvevebi, radgan es warmoudgenlad miaCniaT, aArada, aravin icis ama Tu im sufraze xalxis mowamvla goWs Tu sacivs rom dabralda, iqneb sulac yvelis gamo iyo? simarTle giTxraT, meSinia am statistikis ganxilvis, radgan rasac vuyureb, veranair standartSi ver jdeba.
– gamosavals raSi xedavT?
– axla afinanseben am sferos. yiduloben danadgarebs, magram isic unda gaviTvaliswinoT, rom am etapze dargis specialistebis didi deficitia. ar ician am Zviriani danadgarebis gamoyeneba, rZis pasterizacia da a.S. aucilebelia axalgazrdebis gadamzadeba romelime sawarmos bazaze, raTa TeoriasTan erTad, praqtikac iqve gaiaron da muSaobis procesSi Camoyalibdnen specialistebad. meore problema, isev da isev, rZis mogrovebaa HACCP-is doneze, raTa sawarmom normaluri rZisgan SesZlos maRali klasis produqciis warmoeba. saTaveSia sakiTxi gadasawyveti, Torem 3-4-jer rom aumJavdes tonobiT rZe sawarmos, dazaraldeba da isev fxvnils mimarTavs. principSi, naturalur cxims Tu SevurevT, mTeli msoflio Wams aseT yvels da Cven ra mogviva, ubralod, ar iqneba es imeruli yveli Tu megruli sulguni.
– gamodis, yvelis warmoeba ar aris sarfiani yvelis qveyanaSi?
– asea. saxelmwifos Tu arasamTavroboebis mier dafinansebuli sawarmoebis 100-dan 80% aRar muSaobs. is 20%-ic fxvnilis xarjze Tu axerxebs raRacas. gaixseneT, rom giTxariT da axlac gavimeoreb, radgan ver viviwyeb im kacis naTqvams, Zvirfasi yvelis sawarmo rom auSenes da mouwyves 200 aTas dolarad: `merCivna sardafSi, varclSi mekeTebina yvelio~!