დამსახურებული სარფელი ლაზების ღვაწლის დასაფასებლად
sarfi – erTaderTi lazuri sofeli saqarTveloSi, ufro sworad, 1926 wlis Semdeg – naxevarsofeli.
am sofelma saqarTvelos bevri Rirseuli mamuliSvili aRuzarda. Tundac lazuri xalxuri musikis moamageebi ilia (1922-2010) da lili (1957) abduliSebi, filologi da xelosani nodar kakabaZe (1937), lazuri navis ubadlo ostati mirian numaniSvili (1953), poetebi kako xorava (1932-2008) da mamia jevaiSi (1936-2015), filologi da poeti iaSa Tandilava (1950) da sxvebi. aqve unda davasaxelo lazuri estradis Semqmnelebi: elguja abduliSi (1953), saSa (1954-2018) da iaSa (1954-2009) xoravebi, suliko jevaiSi (1955), iaSa baqraZe (1960), meriko memiSiSi (1959) da a. S. lazuri saestrado nimuSebi pirvelad 1970-ian wlebSi sarfSi Seiqmna da ansambli `lazeTi~ asrulebda. es Canawerebi safuZvlad daedo cnobili xofeli lazi momRerlis qazim qoiunjus Semoqmedebas. sarfSi isvenebda xofeli mxatvari hasan helimiSi (1907-1976). amave sofelSi lazur simRerebs iwerda eTnomusikologi grigol CxikvaZe (1898-1986), qoreografebi soso axalaZe (ansambl `lazeTis~ damaarsebeli), niaz devaZe (1932-1989), iaSa xalvaSi, filologebi: guram kartozia (1934-2010), naTela quTelia (1929-2014), irine asaTiani (1921), nana (1941-1994) da anton (1914-1986) kiziriebi da sxv. gansakuTrebiT unda gamovyo arnold Ciqobava (1898-1985), romelmac bevr sarfels gaukvala gza umaRlesi saswavleblebisken. swored amgvari xalxis arsebobam sarfs da lazur kulturas didad daatyo xeli. es Rvawlmosili mecnierebi 1920-70-ian wlebSi stumrobdnen sarfelebs da maTgan iwerdnen leqsebs, zRaprebs, simRerebs da a. S. am masalis didi nawili Tavadve gamoaqveynes. calke unda gamovyo warmoSobiT sarfeli, gonioSi dabadebuli qoreografi omar TanaliSi (1945), romlis dadgmuli cekvac dRemde sruldeba, Tumca mis avtors aravin axsenebs.
lili da ilia abduliSebi, iaSa Tandilava, nodar kakabaZe, hasan helimiSi da mirian numaniSvili TavianTi xelobiT qarTul satelevizio da beWdur sivrceSi met-naklebad cnobilni da dafasebulni arian, Tumca maT gverdiT iyvnen iseTi lazebi, romlebsac samwuxarod, gaxseneba sWirdebaT! dRes gansakuTrebiT gamovyof 4 maTgans:
avni vaniZe (1948-2008) cnobili iyo xis eTnografiuli nakeTobebiT. misi godrebi, borjRaloebi, saxlis maketebi da brinjis sacexvi dResac cnobilia da xSirad Cans Cvens telesivrceSi, Tumca samwuxarod avtoris miTiTebisa da gaxsenebis gareSe. batonma avnim nivTebis keTeba 1990-iani wlebis dasawyisSi, pirveli infarqtis Semdgom daiwyo da imuSava sul raRac 15-iode weli, sanam 2008 wlis dekemberSi mesame infarqtma ar daasrula misi sicocxle. aucilebelia mis Sesaxeb arsebobdes saSualo zomis wigni (qarTulad da Turqulad), romelSic aRwerili iqneba misi cxovreba da lazuri eTnografiuli nivTebis damzadebis teqnika.
ednar xorava (1949-1998) 1970-ian wlebSi iyo sarfis kulturis klubis gamge. man ganaTleba baTumis kulturul-saganmanaTleblo saswavlebelSi sadiriJoro fakultetze miiRo da notebis mcodneni mxolod batoni ednari da meriko memiSiSi (1959) iyvnen. Tuki imasac gaviTvaliswinebT, rom qalbatoni meriko TbilisSi swavlobda da sarfis saestrado ansamblSi ramdenime weli dahyo, realurad, sarfis mcxovreblebidan notebi mxolod batonma ednarma icoda. mis rveulSi, savaraudod, misive xeliTaa Cawerili qarTuli simRerebis melodiebi da ramdenime lazuri, maT Soris oriode ucnobi simRera. samwuxarod, CemTvis ucnobia, Tu risTvis sWirdeboda lazuri simRerebis notebze Cawera. iqneb, lazuri musikis mkvlevar grigol CxikvaZesTan erTad apirebda simRerebis gamocemas, an surda sarfSi musikaluri skolis gaxsna? am kiTxvebze pasuxi jerjerobiT ar maqvs.garda imisa, rom ednari iyo sarfSi notebis erTaderTi mcodne, masTan inaxeboda 1947 wels muxamed vaniliSis TaosnobiT Cawerili ramdenime lazuri firfita. firfitaze Cawerilia hasan helimiSisa da baTumSi mcxovrebi sxva lazebis mier Sesrulebuli simRerebi. es firfitebi unikaluria Tundac imiT, rom jerjerobiT arc erT sxva ojaxsa Tu arqivSi ar Semxvedria, radgan am firfitebs 1949 wels hasan helimiSis cimbirSi gadasaxlebis gamo, savaraudod gaanadgurebdnen. iqneb helimiSTan erTad sxva Semsruleblebmac iwvnies gadasaxlebis susxi. faqti erTia, es firfitebi Semoinaxa muxamed vaniliSis Svilma zurabma da Semdgom ednar xoravas gadasca, romlis ojaxmac isini dRemde Semogvinaxa. samwuxarod, saxelovnebo sferoSi ednarma mxolod ramdenime weli iRvawa. 1980-iani wlebis meore naxevarSi gaCenilma gulis avadmyofobam muSaobis saSualeba aRar misca. rac Seexeba musikalur skolas, igi 1998 wels, ednar xoravas gardacvalebis dros gaixsna.
zurab Tandilava (1929-1995) – lazuri zepirsityvierebis saukeTeso Semkrebi da mkvlevari. misi naSromebi dRemde samagidoa, Tundac 1972 wels gamocemuli `lazuri poezia~. igi 1958 wlidan muSaobda baTumis niko berZeniSvilis saxelobis kvleviT institutSi da lazur folklorze araerTi gamoqveynebuli Tu xelnaweri naSromi dagvitova. iyo pirveli mecnieri, romelmac TurqeTTan sazRvris gaxsnis Semdeg, 1989-90 wlebSi, moiara lazuri soflebi da Cawera araerTi lazuri simRera, romelTa gamoqveynebac saCqaro da saSviliSvilo saqmed mimaCnia. samwuxarod, mas eqspediciebis gagrZelebis saSualeba aRar mieca, radgan avbediTma 1990-ian wlebma misi Svili imsxverpla, risi gadatanac batonma zurabma veRar SeZlo. man didi roli iTamaSa TurqeTis lazebis ganaTlebis sakiTxSic. lazebs Seaswavla qarTuli anbani da saqarTvelos istoria. kvleviT institutSi misi gamouqveynebeli araerTi dRiuri da naSromi inaxeba. aucilebelia, saeqspedicio masalasTan erTad, misi gamouqveynebeli da adre gamoqveynebuli naSromebis gamocema da Semdgom Targmna Turqul enaze.
muxamed vaniliSi (1909-1997) 1920-30-iani wlebis mijnaze sarfsa da TurqeTis lazebSi agrovebda eTnografiul da zepirsityvier masalebs. man 1964 wels gamoaqveyna pirveli eTnografiuli wigni `lazeTi~, romelic zurab Tandilavas `lazur poeziasTan~ erTad dRemde samagido wignad iTvleba. misi xelnawerebi daculia xariton axvledianis saxelobis aWaris mxareTmcodneobis muzeumSi. paralelurad, TurqeTis lazebSi eweoda komunistur samqianobas, ris gamoc 1932 wels dauswreblad daxvreta miusajes. amis Semdeg muxamedma TurqeTis lazebis naxva mxolod 1988-89 wlebidan SeZlo. igi 1940 wlidan cxovrobda baTumSi da, marTalia, werilSi moyvanili sxva adamianebisgan gansxvavebiT, didxans icocxla, manac igema Svilebis sikvdiliT gamowveuli simware. misi 1964 wels gamocemuli wigni `lazeTi~ (Tanaavtori ali Tandilava), 1992 wels TurqeTSic gamoqveynda. miuxedavad amisa, aucilebelia misi yvela gamoqveynebuli Tu gamouqveynebeli naSromis gamocema saqarTvelosa da TurqeTSi. aqve unda vaxseno muxamedis Svili zurabi (1936-2015), profesiiT fizikosi, romelic dauRalavad dahyveboda TurqeTis lazeTSi lazuri kulturis mkvlevarebs (maT Soris werilis avtorsac).
muxamedis siZe iyo aseve sarfeli lazi revaz baqraZe (1930-2009), romelic cxovrobda baTumSi da iyo Turqologi. man lazebze ramdenime wigni da werili gamoaqveyna. marTalia, misi 1971 wels gamocemuli wigni `sarfi~, komunisturi ideologiis dominirebis gamo, did interess dRes aRar iwvevs, magram meore wigni `saqarTvelos miRma~, werilebi da miT ufro ojaxSi daculi xelnawerebi kidev erTxel unda gamoices da Turquladac iTargmnos. samomavlod, aseve, unda gamoices da Turqulad iTargmnos mamia jevaiSis da kako xoravas leqsebis krebulebic.
arasarfelTagan unda gamovyo soxumeli lazi, Turqologi waTe bawaSi (1948). mis naSromebze rom aRaraferi vTqva, igi 1993-2004 wlebSi iyo saqarTvelos konsuli trapizonSi da Tavisi mondomebiTa da profesionalizmiT TurqeTis araerTi lazi moaqcia qarTul kulturul sivrceSi. lazebs, romlebmac TavianTi qarTvelobis Sesaxebac ki araferi icodnen, saqarTvelo Seayvara da dRes es kaci qveynisgan mitovebulia! waTe bawaSi sarfSic da TurqeTis lazebSic bevrs uyvars, amis momswre mec araerTxel gavmxdarvar, amitom sarfis lazurma eTnografiulma muzeumma da xelvaCauris gamgeobam aucileblad unda gaixsenon Rvawlmosili adamianebi, pirvel rigSi ki avni vaniZe da waTe bawaSi. wels maTi iubilea!
rac SeexebaT zurab Tandilavas, ednar xoravasa da muxamed vaniliSis xsovnis saRamoebs, isini 2019 wels unda gaimarTos, revaz baqraZisa – 2020 wels da a. S. momavalSi, aseve, unda gaixsenon is Rvawlmosili adamianebi, romlebmac mcire wvlili mainc gaiRes lazuri kulturis sasikeTod. mTelma saqarTvelom da TurqeTis lazeTma unda icodes maT Sesaxeb, maTi Rvawlis Sesaxeb da amiT TurqeTis lazebsac unda davanaxoT, Tu vin, rodis da rogor zrunavda saqarTveloSi lazur kulturaze. maTi naRvawis gamocemasa da saqarTvelo-TurqeTSi gavrcelebaze, pirvel rigSi, sarfis muzeumma da xelvaCauris gamgeobam unda izrunon.
sarfis muzeums unda hqondes didi biujeti, raTa proeqtebis nawili mainc ganaxorcielos xelvaCauris gamgeobisgan damoukideblad. sarfis muzeumi, werilSi motanili moTxovnebis garda, unda awyobdes Sexvedrebs TurqeTis cnobil lazebTan, gamoscemdes wignebsa da Jurnalebs lazur kulturaze da es xelvaCauris gamgeobisa da aWaris mTavrobisgan yovelgvari Carevis gareSe, mxolod sarfis muzeumis biujetiT unda moxerxdes, raTa TurqeTis lazebma, romelTa didi nawilic ar qarTvelobs, yovelive es qarTuli saxelmwifos propagandad ar monaTlon.
giorgi kraveiSvili,
xelovnebaTmcodneobis doqtori, eTnomusikologi, lazuri musikis mkvlevari, a(a)ip fond `heiamos~ direqtori da TanadamfuZnebeli
