,, სუიციდთან დაკავშირებული რისკების ერთობლივი ძალისხმევით შემცირება სავსებით შესაძლებელია”
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msoflio jandacvis organizaciis bolo wlebis
monacemebze dayrdnobiT, mozardebSi suicidisa da TviTmkvlelobis mcdelobis faqtebi sagrZnoblad
gaizarda
sakuTari sicocxlis xelyofis survils, fsiqologebis ganmartebiT, iwvevs depresia, danaSaulis gancda, konfliqti ojaxis wevrebTan, gausaZlisi fizikuri tkivilebi, mZafri socialuri foni, siyvaruli da ase Semdeg. maTive TqmiT, mozardebis Zaladobisgan dasacavad aucilebelia saxelmwifom aamuSaos damatebiTi meqanizmebi, rac, pirvel rigSi, Zaladobasa da mis gamovlinebebze skolebSi codnis gaRrmavebas Seuwyobs xels. xSirad mSoblebi nakleb yuradRebas iCenen mozardi Svilebis mimarT, ar akvirdebian, ugulebelyofen maTi xasiaTis gansxvavebul gamovlinebebs, Sexedulebebs, radgan xSir SemTxvevaSi ver warmoudgeniaT, rom SesaZloa maT Svils fsiqologiuri problema hqondes an suicidisken iyos midrekili. sazogadoebis da, konkretulad, mozardisTvis avtoritetuli adamianebis mxridan (mSobeli, maswavlebeli, megobari) maTi problemebisadmi gulgril damokidebulebas mozardi zogjer arasasiamovno gadawyvetilebamde mihyavs. maT uCndebaT yvelasgan da yvelafrisgan gaqcevis survili, amis erT-erT gzad ki suicids miiCneven.
ra unda gaiTvaliswinos aRniSnuli problemebis dasaZlevad saxelmwifom, sazogadoebam, mSobelma da skolam? amasTan dakavSirebiT gazeT `aWaras~ praqtikosi fsiqologi, fsiqoTerapevti, fsiqologiuri krizisuli intervenciis specialisti zurab qarCava esaubra. misi gancxadebiT, samwuxarod, saxelmwifoebrivi midgoma ar arsebobs, SesaZloa specialistebi konkretul da specifikur garemoSi muSaoben, magram strategia suicidis prevenciis da Semdgom ukve intervenciis, anu garkveuli RonisZiebebis gatarebis kuTxiT, jer kidev SesamuSavebelia.
– suicidi – es aris uari cxovrebaze, agresiuli qmedeba sakuTari Tavis mimarT, es, faqtobrivad, aRiarebaa im mZime garemoebebis gadalaxvis uunarobisa, romelic adamians aqvs. mozardebis suicids cota sxvanairi foni axasiaTebs. aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom TviTdazianebasac xSirad aigiveben suicidis mcdelobasTan, Tumca TviTdazianeba – es aris parasuicidi, anu momijnave qmedeba. TviTdazianebis mcdeloba specialistebisTvis calke Temad aris gamoyofili. yvela msgavs faqts axlavs Tavisi individualuri mizezebi, Tumca mozardebis suicidi pirdapir aris dakavSirebuli im fsiqologiur TaviseburebebTan, romlebic maT axasiaTebT garkveul asakSi. es, ZiriTadad, momwifebis periodia. suicidis TiToeul magaliTTan midgoma yovelTvis individualuria, Tumca am asakSi jer kidev yalibdeba adamianis ego, koncefcia – vin var me, miRebuli var Tu ara jgufSi, rogori adamiani var, ra miznebi maqvs, risTvis vcxovrob? – cdiloben, am kiTxvebs upasuxon. garkveuli egzistencialuri vakuumi iqmneba adamianSi. amave dros gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom fizikuri momwifeba mozardebSi Zalian mZime gavlenas axdens maT fsiqologiur da emociur mdgomareobaze. am dros icvleba sxeuli, es uCveulo gamocdileba xSirad stresulia. bevri ver aTviTcnobierebs, ra emarTeba, ratom aris cud guneba-ganwyobaze, an piriqiT. es yvelaferi dakavSirebulia imasTan, Tu rogori Sexedulebebi da mzaoba aqvs sakuTar sxeulTan mimarTebaSi. suicidis riskis Sefaseba profesionalur doneze xdeba asap 20-is protokolis mixedviT. es aris saerTaSoriso dokumenti, romlis Sesabamisad ganisazRvreba suicidis dabali, saSualo da maRali riskebi. iq sxvadasxva kriteriumi da done aris gansazRvruli. ara mxolod fsiqologiuri faqtoria gaTvaliswinebuli, aramed socialuri, biologiuri da sxva faqtorebic, romlebic xels uwyobs suiciduri azrebis da ideebis ganxorcielebas.
ras niSnavs suiciduri ideebi? es aris fiqri imaze, Tu rogor moiklas Tavi. garkveuli asaki arsebobs mozardebSi (12 wlidan gogonebSi da 14 wlidan biWebSi), roca maTTvis Zalian mniSvnelovania, iyvnen garkveuli jgufis nawili. aseve, mozardze Zalian did gavlenas axdens, rogoria misi mikrosocialuri garemo, ekonomikuri mdgomareoba, ojaxis socialuri statusi, mSoblebis fsiqologiur-fsiqiatriuli Tu samedicino istoria. fsiqologebisTvis mozardebTan muSaoba sainteresoa. is arc zrdasrulia, arc – patara, TamaSic swadia da didic unda rom iyos, Tumca ar aqvs finansuri mxardaWera, ar muSaobs, damokidebulia ojaxze. fsiqologebi xSirad mimarTaven mSoblebs, rom Svilebs esaubron rogorc Tanatols, miscen meti Tavisufleba da hqondeT jansaRi komunikacia maTTan, – gviTxra zurab qarCavam.
fsiqologis TqmiT, zogs SeuZlia cxovrebiseuli barierebis gadalaxva, mxardaWeris moZieba, zogs – ara, da am dros iketebian sakuTar TavSi, fiqroben TviTganadgurebaze. dRes mSoblebs naklebad an sul aRar rCebaT dro SvilebisTvis, Sesabamisad, xSirad yuradRebis miRma rCebaT is, Tu ra awuxebT, uxariaT, surT maT. fsiqologis ganmartebiT, xSirad araswori principebiTac zrdian mSoblebi Svilebs. magaliTad, biWs eubnebian, rom ar aqvs tirilis ufleba, maSin roca adamianis emociebi Zalian bunebrivia da ar SeiZleba winaswar ganusazRvro vinmes, ra doziT gamoxatos emocia.
– mosmena da yuradReba erTnairad sWirdebaT rogorc qalebs, aseve mamakacebs. mSoblebi iTxoven mosmenas, Tumca xSirad Tavad ar usmenen Svilebs. mSoblis roliT da statusiT sargebloben – me didi var, Sen – patara. me gamocdileba maqvs, Sen jer cxovrebaSi araferi ginaxavs da ra ici, ra gWirs, ra mogivida?! xSirad Sefasebebi mkveTria, mozardebis asakSi rTulia maTi miReba. unda vaRiaroT isic, rom xSirad mSobeli Tavis auxdenel ocnebebs axvevs Tavs Svils, imas, rasac Tavad ver miaRwia, unda rom misma Svilma miaRwios. imas ar iTvaliswineben, rom bavSvs Tavisi samyaro, cxovrebiseuli xedva da Rirebulebebi aqvs. mniSvnelovania, rom mSoblebsa da Svilebs Soris Tanasworuflebiani urTierToba damyardes. cxadia, rom bavSvs mSoblis pativiscema unda hqondes, magram mosTxovo, rom iyos yvelaze Zlieri, yvelaze niWieri, yvelaze warmatebuli. daaZalo sxvadasxva wreSi siaruli, radgan es mxolod Sen ginda, gaumarTlebelia, – gviTxra fsiqologma.
mozardebisTvis aseve mniSvnelovania skola da iq arsebuli jansaRi garemo. xSirad bavSvis ama Tu im saqciels maswavleblebi mSoblebis uyuradRebobas abraleben, mSoblebi ki piriqiT – skolas da pedagogebs, arada, orive rgoli uaRresad mniSvnelovania mozardis srulfasovnad CamoyalibebaSi da erTmaneTisken TiTis gaSvera imas niSnavs, rom ver marTav da eZeb naklebi pasuxismgeblobis aRebis mizezebs. dRes skolebSi fsiqologebis muSaoba aucilebeli romaa, cxadia. isini unda akvirdebodnen garemos, cdilobdnen droulad dainaxon da gamoavlinon esa Tu is problema. zurab qarCavas informaciiT, skolebSi fsiqologebis arsebobis miuxedavad, profesiul konteqstSi ar aris skolis fsiqologiuri servisi ganviTarebuli, mas ar miiCneven skolis aucilebel komponentad. zurab qarCavas ganmartebiT, fsiqologebi skolebSi kvleviT saqmianobas unda awarmoebdnen, maT aseve unda imuSaon maswavleblebTan, raTa orive mxarisTvis (maswavlebeli, moswavle) Seiqmnas jansaRi garemo. Semwynarebloba, Tanagancda, es is Temebia, romlebic, fsiqologis azriT, unda iswavlebodes rogorc sagani.
– 2007 wlidan vmuSaob mozardebTan Tbilisis Zalian bevr skolaSi. kargi iqneba, Tu garkveuli fsiqikuri janmrTelobis, bavSvTa da mozardTa fsiqologiuri ganviTarebis strategia SemuSavdeba skolebSi, sadac mkafiod gaiwereba rolebi, funqciebi. skolis moswavleebs auxsnian im Temebs, romlebic mniSvnelovania ara mxolod mozardebisTvis, aramed pedagogebisTvisac. pedagogebsac sWirdebaT fsiqologiuri ganaTleba. maT unda mivawodoT Sesabamisi da Tanmimdevruli programa. Zalian didi siamovnebiT CaverTvebodi am sakiTxis gadawyvetaSi. dResdReobiT, sadac mimiwvdeba xeli, vcdilob, garkveuli rekomendaciiT, werilobiT Tu zepirad mxari davuWiro skolis fsiqologs, pedagogs da ase Semdeg, raTa gauadvildeT muSaoba, magram saxelmwifoebrivi midgoma bevrad wingadadgmuli nabiji iqneba. yvelaze mniSvnelovani prevenciaa, aseve, sazogadoebaSi aRniSnuli problemis mimarT cnobierebis amaRleba. Cvens sazogadoebaSi, mozardebSi suicidTan dakavSirebiT arsebuli riskebis Semcireba erToblivi ZalisxmeviT savsebiT SesaZlebelia, – gviTxra zurab qarCavam.