10 – თეთრიანი სუბსიდირების ნაცვლად – მოძრავი ლაბორატორია და ციტრუსის განახლებული ბაღები
ირმა ცეცხლაძე 27 48 93
glexobis, amJamad fermerebad wodebulTa problemebi ar ileva. ra saqmesac unda mohkidon xeli, yvelaferi CixSi eqceva, rac, sabolood, maTTvis mZime ekonomikuri mdgomareobiT sruldeba. vgulisxmob igive citrusis, Cais, mefutkreobis, meTxileobis da a.S. ganviTarebas, romelsac enTuziazmiT iwyeben, magram sxvadasxva obieqturi Tu subieqturi mizezis gamo, isev da isev zaraldebian da sabanko procentebSi `gaWedilebi~ uimedod Sehyureben momavals.
sofels dRes namdvilad uWirs. saqarTveloSi arsebuli miwis nakveTebis potenciali ar aris sakmarisi masStaburi fermeruli meurneobebis Camosayalibeblad, rac TavisTavad, ver uzrunvelyofs e.w. TviTdasaqmebulTa stabilur Semosavals. am mxriv aWaris soflis meurneobis saministros gansakuTrebuli programebi gaaCnia, romelTa amoqmedebiT imedovnebs xarisxiani da sarfiani produqciis moyvanas. swored amaze gvesaubreba ministri tite aroSiZe. misi gancxadebiT, saministrom Secvala midgoma da axleburad Seecdeba problemebis mogvarebas:
– mogexsenebaT, yvela programa individualuradaa orientirebuli agrokulturebiT dainteresebul fermerebze, Sesabamisad, TiToeuli maTganis Sedegic unda gavTvaloT. gvqonda problemebi Txilisa da citrusovanTa sezonebze, Tumca saboloo jamSi, citrusis miReba-gatana kargad dasrulda. mogexsenebaT, am problemebis warmoqmnaSi mTavari roli Seasrula mesame Zalam – bunebrivma mavneblebma, romelic periodulad iCens Tavs da sakmaod solidur zarals ayenebs nargavebs. swored amitom, wels am mimarTulebiT davgegmeT Cveni aqtivobebi. CavTvaleT, rom Seqmnili situaciidan erTaderTi gamosavali fermerTa ganaTlebaa. amitom SevqmeniT samsaxuri, e.w. eqstenciis ganyofileba, romlis daxmarebiTac mimdinareobs swavleba fermerTa sademonstracio nakveTebze. amaSi CarTulia aWaris regionis xuTive da baTumis (xelvaCauris yofili teritoriebi) municipalitetebi.
– fermerTa swavleba-treningebi adrec tardeboda, magram gansakuTrebuli Sedegebi amiT ver miviReT . . .
– sasoflo-sameurneo eqstenciis strategia gulisxmobs profesionalTa mier sademonstracio nakveTis magaliTze swavlebas, romelsac daeswrebian dainteresebuli fermerebi. Cven kardakar vivliT. kabinetSi, bukletebiT Tu treningebiT ki ar SevawyenT Tavs fermerebs, aramed mivalT maTTan da `vaiZulebT~, moisminon, naxon, rogor unda Caataron agroRonisZiebebi (swori wamloba, sasuqis droulad micema), raTa miiRon realuri Sedegi. xSirad mcdari diagnozis, arasworad SerCeuli sasuqis Tu dagvianebuli wamlobis gamo ver Rebuloben saTanado efeqts, rac TavisTavad aisaxeba mosavalzec da Semosavalzec. Cveni mizania, praqtikuli swavlebiT gavasworoT is xarvezebi, rac wina wlebSi dafiqsirda. maTive nergebis da nakveTebis demonstrirebiT, praqtikulad xdeba agroteqnikuri unar-Cvevebis gadacema. sxvaTa Soris, maT emsaxureboda agroserviscentris laboratoria, rac fermers minimaluri Tanxa – 30 lari ujdeboda, Tumca CavTvaleT, rom nebismieri TeTris gadaxda soflad dasaqmebulisTvis mZimea, amitom es gadasaxadic gavauqmeT da 2019 wels miwis analizi, romelic niadagis sxvadasxva komponentis dadgenas iTvaliswinebs, rigi agrokulturebisTvis aris ufaso (Tu axali kulturis gaSenebas apirebs piri da surs icodes ramdenad gamosadegia amisTvis misi miwis nakveTi).
– swavlebis garda, riT apirebT fermerTa problemebis mogvarebas?
– gvaqvs axali programebi, romelic namdvilad gaxdeba motivatori fermerTaTvis, Tundac Zalian Zvirad Rirebuli hibriduli lurji mocvis nergebis darigebis programa plantaciebis Sesaqmnelad. aWaris dablobi am mizniT misaRebia, radgan niadagis mJavianobaa maRali, rac uyvars mocvs. Sesabamisad, SegviZlia es kultura ganvaviTaroT. fermerebic mondomebulni arian, iqidan gamomdinare, rom sxva kulturebTan SedarebiT, misi fasi maRalia – 1 kg mocvis Rirebuleba 8-10 laramde meryeobs. sxvaTa Soris, tyis mocvi kidev ufro Zviria – 25-30 larzea saubari. paralelurad, misi Segroveba-Cabarebac mimdinareobs. vapirebT am kulturis maqsimalurad ganviTarebas Cvens regionSi. bevri qveyanaa amiT dainteresebuli, raTa Semdeg SesZlon aRniSnuli produqciis eqsportireba rogorc nedli xilis, ise mSrali saxiT. aqve aRvniSnav, rom is gamoiyeneba rogorc wvenebSi, ise farmakologiasa da sakonditro nawarmebSi. sxvaTa Soris, am programaSi mxolod nergebis darigeba ki ara, sarwyavi sistemebiT uzrunvelyofa da sxva servisebic Sedis. igive SemiZlia vTqva kivis plantaciebis moSenebasTan dakavSirebiTac, romelic aWaraSi kargad xarobs.
– ra unda gaakeTos fermerma stabiluri Semosavlis misaRebad ise, rom farosanas Tu valutis ryevis SiSi ar hqondes?
– am kuTxiT kargia Cveni sasaTbure meurneobebis ganviTarebis programa, romlis meSveobiTac saxelmwifo ixdis 90%-s. aq erTvebian municipalitetebic da exmarebian fermerebs sxvadasxva kuTxiT. magaliTad, xelvaCauris municipaliteti monawileobs saTburis saZirkvlis mowyobasa da sarwyavi sistemis damontaJebaSi, rac sakmaod didi SeRavaTia. praqtikulad, ufasod SeuZlia fermers saTburis mowyoba. Tu produqcias stabilurad moiyvans, Semosavalic stabiluri eqneba. bunebrivad, Cvens klimatur pirobebSi, mosavali erTjer modis, xolo saTburSi misi moyvana 12 Tveze gadanawildeba. bostneuli, xili, mwvanili, kenkrovanebi sakmaod kargad iyideba da maRali fasic aqvs, Tanac aWara zamTarSi ar gamoirCeva mkacri klimatiTa da uxvi naleqiT, rac kidev erTi plusia am dargis ganviTarebisaTvis. saTburis pirobebSi fermerebi moaxerxeben rogorc produqciis raodenobis, ise xarisxis gazrdas.
– es yvelaferi, jerjerobiT, perspeqtivaSia. axlo momavalSi riTi daexmarebiT soflis mcxovrebT?
– gvinda davnergoT meqanizaciis programebi, rac iTvaliswinebs siaxleebis Semotanas teqnologiuri bazrebidan. amas vaxorcielebT, ZiriTadad, turistul zonebSi mcxovrebTaTvis. samwuxarod, ar gvaqvs miwis imxela farTobebi, romelzec SevZlebT didi mosavlis moyvanas da amiT adgilobrivi Tu mezobeli qveynebis bazrebis momaragebas, magram gvaqvs pretenzia, maRali xarisxis mosavali moviwioT. swored xarisxi ganapirobebs Cveni produqciis gasaRebas da brendirebas. amisTvis elementaruli meqanizaciis Setanac sargebels miscems fermerebs. igive, Txilis sarCevi danadgarebis Tu avtoklavebis gacema, romelic iTvaliswinebs avtomatizebul reJimSi sxvadasxva sakonservo warmoebis ganviTarebas mcire masStabebSi – kompotebi, jemebi, murabebi Tu saweblebi, romelic avtomatur reJimSi dasterildeba, moixufeba da etiketirdeba. avtoklavebi saojaxo meurneobebs miscems gasaqans, raTa Tundac adgilobriv bazarze, turistebisTvis moaxdinos sasaqonle, soliduri saxiT Sinauri nawarmis realizeba.
– meRvineoba ar aris sakmarisad ganviTarebuli aWaraSi, arada, Sinaur, maRali xarisxis Rvinoze didi moTxovnaa turistul sezonze.
– swored am mimarTulebiT, 2018 wlis miwuruls aWaris mTavrobis Tavmjdomarem qedis municipalitetSi daaanonsa Cveni programa, romelic gamiznulia adgilobrivi meRvineobis ganviTarebisaTvis. qedaSi gvaqvs unikaluri, endemuri Rvino, romelsac analogi ar aqvs. vfiqrobT, Cxaveris nergebis darigebiT mosaxleobas davainteresebT am dargis seriozulad ganviTarebiT. gvaqvs 200-litriani rezervuarebi, romelic uSualod Rvinis warmoebisTvis gamoiyeneba. maT gaaCnia mcocavi xufi, romelic rezervuarSi qmnis vakuum-sivrces da ramdeni siTxec unda gadmoiRvaros, haeris masa ar iqmneba, romelic mikrobebis gamravlebas da aZmarebas aCqarebs. am rezervuarebs meRvineobiT dainteresebul fermerebs mivawvdiT gancxadebis safuZvelze, amasTan, mivcemT ganusazRvreli raodenobis rkina-betonis boZebs talaverebisTvis, riTac tyeSi xis boZebis mopoveba Sewydeba. es boZebi saukuneebs gauZlebs.
– maRalmTianeTSi ra saxis programebi gaqvT?
– mTas gansakuTrebul yuradRebas vuTmobT. maRalmTiani aWarisTvis gamiznuli programebi iribad iTvaliswinebs mesaqonleobis xelSewyobas, anu merZeveobis Tu fermeruli meurneobebis ganviTarebas. axlaxan dioknisSi mdebare erTaderT moqmed rZis sawarmos gadaveciT refreJeratori, romliTac isini dacul temperaturaze Sekreben da Caabareben rZes. aseve gvaqvs saTibelebis programa. moto-saTibelebiT garkveul teritoriaze moiTibeba balaxi. amasTan, xulos municipalitetisTvis, reliefis gaTvaliswinebiT, SeviZineT Tanamedrove standartis mowyobiloba, romelic kvadratulad presavs Tivas, ris Sedegadac misi gadatvirTva-dasawyobeba gacilebiT iolia da naklebad Sromatevadi.
– isev da isev Sewamvlas da mwerebs davubrundeT. ra eSveleba amden citruss, xilsa Tu Txils, ukve wlebis ganmavlobaSi rom fuWdeba da azaralebs fermerebs?
– wels gamiznuli gvaqvs SevisyidoT 2 mobiluri laboratoria sasoflo-sameurneo kulturebis mikro-biologiur doneze kvlevisTvis. es igive reanimobilia fermerebisTvis, aRWurvili Tanamedrove teqnologiebiT. is rogorc agronomiuli, ise veterinaruli saWiroebis kuTxiT ufasod moemsaxureba fermerebs. gamoZaxeba SesaZlebeli iqneba cxeli xazis meSveobiT. agrokulturebis gavrcelebis areali gverdi-gverdaa, amitom, roca erTgan davadgenT daavadebis gavrcelebis mizezs niadagis, nayofis, merqnis, foTlis analizebis da sinjebis aRebis meSveobiT, daigegmeba rogorc mkurnalobis, ise prevenciis RonisZiebebi. xSiria, roca fermeri sakuTari gamocdilebis Tu sxvis informaciaze dayrdnobiT cdilobs Sewamvlas, Tumca sabolood es informacia mcdari aRmoCndeba da verc nargavebs Svelis. amitomaa saWiro, TvaliT uxilavi mikrobebi specialistebma gamoavlinon da adgilze Seiswavlon. es aris Cveni saministros siaxle. pirvelad igegmeba msgavsi masStabis RonisZieba da vimedovnebT, rom Semdgom etapze yvela municipalitets TiTo moZrav laboratorias SevuZenT.
– Tqven ukve meored axseneT fermerTa mier mcdari Sewamvlebi da araswori diagnostireba. iqneb dagvikonkretoT?
– diax, es Zalian xSiria. magaliTad, Caqvi-xala-gorgaZeebis teritoriaze nayofi gaaSava Savi frTaTeTra buzis saxeliT cnobilma mwerma. radgan drouli Careva da diagnostireba ar moxda, mweri gamravlda, adgilobrivebi ki am process farosanas sawinaaRmdego wamals da sxva raRacas abralebdnen. arada, es iyo buzi, romelmac mosavali iseT arasasurvel mdgomareobamde miiyvana, rom realizaciisTvisac ver ivarga.
– axla ra eSveleba frTaTeTra buzis problemas? farosanas esec daemata?
– imis iluzia ar gvaqvs, rom epidemias xelis erTi dakvriT movereviT, Tumca ukve ukan ixevs da Semdgom wlebSi es mweri ganadgurdeba. aqve aRvniSnav, rom amoqmedda citrusis baRebis ganaxlebis programa, romelsac mTlianad saministro afinansebs, Tu baRi srulad axldeba da 30%-iT – Tuki mas nawilobriv anaxleben.
– gaJRerda, rom 10-TeTriani subsidireba aRar iqneba arastandartul nayofze . . .
– diax, es asea da mimaCnia, rom swori gadawyvetileba miviReT. wlebis ganmavlobaSi ukve 8 milioni gaixarja wundebuli nayofis mogrovebisTvis, romelic gadamuSavebisTvisac ar vargoda. es subsidireba emsaxureboda adamianTa garkveul jgufs, romelic agrovebda uvargis nayofs da mihqonda qarxanaSi. fermerebs am Tanxidan mizeruli eZleodaT. cxadia, ufro mizanSewonili iqneba Tuki es Tanxa produqciis xarisxis amaRlebas moemsaxureba igive moZravi laboratoriis SeZeniT Tu nergebis darigebiT, baRebis ganaxlebiT. sworad mimarTuli politikiT SevZlebT citrusi vaqcioT aWaris savizito baraTad da SevideT ara mxolod yofil sabWoTa kavSiris qveynebSi, aramed evropaSic – daintereseba maRalia germaniasa da espaneTSi. kargi iqneba, Tavdapirvelad, Tundac mcire raodenobiT, magram stabilurad gamovCndeT am bazrebzec, raTa damokidebuli aRar viyoT mxolod Zvel partniorebze, igive – ruseTze. evropa gvaZlevs garantias, rom ufro civilur, standartul da gawonasworebul pirobebSi moxdeba Cveni produqciis iqaur bazrebze Setana da met mogebasac miviRebT xarisxis da uproblemod miwodebis SemTxvevaSi. vfiqrob, Cveni problemebis mogvarebis erT-erTi gza esecaa.
