,,მთავარია, მოვიდნენ, მოგვისმინონ, მოგვენდონ . . . “
ირმა ცეცხლაძე 27 48 93
aTwleulebis ganmavlobaSi gaveranebuli soflis meurneobis muSakebi inerciiT agrZelebdnen xvna-Tesvas, bostneulisa Tu xexilis dargvasa da mosavlis aRebas, romlis realizaciazec umeteswilad, problemebi eqmnebodaT, ris Sedegadac bevrma xeli Caiqnia erT dros didmosavlian kulturebze. gaCanagda Cai, citrusovanTa plantaciebi, simindis yanebi, Tambaqo. amas mihyva mesaqonleoba, mefrinveleoba da a.S. am xnis ganmavlobaSi, amJamad fermerebad wodebulma glexobis didma nawilma qalaqad dasaqmeba an mezobel TurqeTSi sezonurad muSaoba arCia sarCos saSovnelad. xelisuflebaTa cvlis fonze, minimaluri danaxarjebiT maqsimaluris amoRebis surviliT, meti qaosi Seiqmna soflis meurneobaSi. TandaTan kadrebis, teqnikis, nergebis Tu CiTilebis deficitic gaCnda, ramac sabolood Caagdo am sferos ZiriTadi dargebi da qveyana avtomaturad gadavida xorcis, xilisa Tu bostneulis masiur importze, raTa SeZlebisdagvarad SeenarCunebina fasebi adgilobriv bazarze.
sakmaod Cavardnil memkvidreobas axalma xelisuflebam (maTive sityvebiT rom vTqvaT), fundamenturad mixeda, anu gamoikvlia fermerTa ZiriTadi problemebi, daiwyo bazebis Seqmna da arsebuli deficitebis aRmofxvra. 2011 wels dafuZnebul aWaris soflis meurneobis saministros a(a)ip `agroserviscentrs~ mniSvnelovani funqciebi daakisra da marTlac saxieri Sedegi miiRo. Tu ras akeTebs uwyeba da ra gegmebi aqvs mis xelmZRvanelobas, amaze `aWarasTan~ interviuSi `agroserviscentris~ direqtori goCa beriZe saubrobs.
– Cveni centri 2012 wels raRac mcire proeqtebs ki axorcielebda, magram misi profilis gafarToeba da aqtiuri saqmianoba 2013 wlidan daiwyo. Tavdapirvelad, ZiriTad mimarTulebad sanergeebis mowyoba davsaxeT, radgan wlebis ganmavlobaSi mevenaxeoba-mecitruseobasa da xexilovnebSi kerZo seqtori ver akmayofilebda fermerTa moTxovnebs. amitomac dadga dRis wesrigSi sanerge meurneobis Camoyalibeba, raTa swrafad gagveaxlebina jiSebi. magaliTad, mecitruseobaSi baRebis 90% daberda, rac TavisTavad iTxovda sanerge masalas, romelic regionSi ar arsebobda.
– rogorc vici, CvenTan gansakuTrebuli, yinvagamZle jiSis citrusi xarobs . . .
– diax, Cveni jiSebi gamoirCeoda uxvmosavlianobiTa da yinvagamZleobiT, magram gadawyda, saadreo citrusis nergebic Semogvetana, seqtember-oqtomberSi rom iZleva nayofs, raTa aRar dagvetovebina mosavlis aReba riskis qveS nebismieri gauaresebuli amindis da didTovlobis gamo. am mizniT SemovitaneT 40 jiSis mandarini, limoni, forToxali, davdeT xelSekruleba mecnierebTan da Caqvis teritoriaze davrgeT. specialistebi ramdenime weli akvirdebodnen nergebs msxmoiarobis, yvavilobis, gemuri Tvisebebis, simwifeSi Sesvlis, klimatTan Tu niadagTan Seguebis TvalsazrisiT. 7 wlis ganmavlobaSi laboratoriuli kvlevebiT vadgendiT Saqrianobas, mJavianobas da a.S. dakvirveba amJamadac grZeldeba, Tumca mecnierebma ukve mogvces rekomendaciebi 5 jiSze. 4 welia, rac daviwyeT maTi nergebis warmoeba fermerebisTvis. procesi warmatebulad mimdinareobs. yovelwliurad izrdeba nergebis warmoebac da fermerTa dainteresebac.
– rac Seexeba sakadro resurss?
– centrSi, mecnierebis garda, CavrTeT aWaris mTliani sakadro resursi. 12 agronomi yoveldRiur reJimSi uvlis am mcenareebs da yvela agroteqnikuri samuSaoebis Catarebazea pasuxismgebeli anu nergis warmoebis process zedamxedvelobs. garda amisa, fasian staJirebaze moviwvieT studentebi. isini yovelTviurad 300 lars Rebuloben – transportisa da kvebis xarjebs. ase rom, Zveli kadrebis gadamzadebac mimdinareobs, axlebsac vzrdiT da vrTavT yvela saxis agroRonisZiebaSi.
– xexilisa da venaxis nergebs sad zrdiT da ramdenad akmayofilebT momxmarebelTa moTxovnebs?
– 2013 wlidan daviwyeT xexilisa da venaxis jiSebis sanerge meurneobebis mowyoba gvaras teritoriaze. dairgo 220 aTasze meti mcenare: kivi, feixoa, mocvi, qliavi, tyemali, vaSli, bali da a.S. mokled, yvela is kultura, romelic xar-obs dasavleT saqarTveloSi. aTi aTasze meti is nergia realizebuli (kivisa da mocvis garda), romelzec didi moTxovnaa. rac Seexeba vazs, gaixara 25 aTasma nergma, romelic dainteresebulma fermerebma SeiZines.
– ramdenad misaRebia saxelmwifos monawileoba am bazarze, kerZo seqtori xom ver SesZlebs konkurencia gauwios mas?
– es droebiTia. am dargis mewarmeebs saxelmwifo exmareba sanerge meurneobebis ganviTarebis proeqtSi CarTviT, romelsac agroproeqtebis marTvis saagento axorcielebs. rogorc ki davinaxavT, rom kerZo seqtori SesZlebs bazris momaragebas, gavalT am niSadan da SevwyvetT saqmianobas, moxdeba arsebuli sanergeebis privatizeba da a.S.
– mecxoveleobis mimarTulebiT ra keTdeba?
– 2012 wlidan avamoqmedeT pirutyvis xelovnuri ganayofierebis servisi, rac maRalproduqtiuli pirutyvis gamravleba-moSenebas uwyobs xels. biomasala Semogvaqvs amerikidan da evropidan. gvaqvs asarCevad ori mimarTuleba: mexorculi da merZeuli. moTxovna am ukanasknelze ufroa. es iyo gaeros ganviTarebis fondis mier dawyebuli proeqti. afinansebdnen veterinaris xelfass, yidulobdnen aucilebel inventars, masalas, emsaxurebodaT manqanebi. 2015-2016 wlebSi proeqtis dafinanseba Sewyda, Tumca yvelaferi saxelmwifom aiRo Tavze. 2017 wlidan gadavediT Tanadafinansebaze. xelvaCaurisa da qobuleTis municipalitetebSi 60 laridan 30-s fermeri ixdis, 30-s saxelmwifo. iq ukve miiRes kargi jiSis xboebi da gadamxdelunarianobac gaizarda. maRalmTianeTSi ki 50 lars afinansebs saxelmwifo, radgan hyavT sakuTari buRebi da maincdamainc ver endobian xelovnur ganayofierebas. Tumca man, vinc dainaxa ra Sedegi moitana am servisma, sxvebic daainteresa da mkveTrad imata msurvelTa ricxvma. Semdgom iqac 30-lariani Tanadafinanseba gveqneba, TandaTan SevamcirebT Cvens Tanamonawileobas da gamovalT procesidan.
– veterinarebs isev Tqven uxdiT xelfasebs?
– ara, am procesSi ukve kerZo veterinarebi CaerTnen. specialisti midis fermerTan, uwevs momsaxurebas, iRebs 30 lars da Sesrulebul samuSaoze gaformebuli aqtiT da gadaxdis qviTriT modis CvenTan, ris Semdegac vunazRaurebT danarCen Tanxas. fermerebmac dainaxes, Tu ra sikeTe moaqvs am process. Cven davnergeT iseTi meqanizmi, romelsac Tavad fermerebi gauZRvebian da gadaixdian im 60 larsac, radgan uRirT am fulis gadaxda. es yvelaferi aZlierebs veterinarebis poziciebs. Tu CvenTan muSaobisas hqondaT 800-900 laramde xelfasi, axla 2000 lari aqvT, zogierTi ki 3000 larsac iRebs. es yvelaferi xels Seuwyobs am specialobis misaRebad studentebis motivaciis gazrdas. paralelur reJimSi SeeZlebaT mkurnalobis daniSvna, vetafTiaqebis gaxsna damatebiTi SemosavlebisaTvis. qedaSi vapirebT arasamTavrobo organizaciis dafinansebiT, veterinaruli klinikis gaxsnas. ukve Setanili gvaqvs ganacxadi. SuaxevSi saxelmwifo dafinansebiT vaSenebT, xuloSi ki ukve funqcionirebs veterinaruli klinika. male am kuTxiT yvela municipalitetSi wesrigi gveqneba.
– maRalmTianeTs Tu amaragebT xexilis nergebiT?
– iq vxsniT xexilisa da venaxis sanergeebs. gaSenebulia 1800 Ziri vazi. es iqneba saCvenebeli nakveTi, sadac fermerebi iswavlian nergebis gaSenebas, vazisa da xexilis movlas. amisTvis movawyobT savele dReebs. zogi nergi ar amarTlebs, zogs sasuqi an mineralebi sWirdeba, zogs – ara. amitom, roca movlen, darwmundebian, rom saTanado samuSaoebis Catarebis Semdeg idealuri Sedegis miRebaa SesaZlebeli. sanerge gzasTan axlosaa da xuloSi mimavali mgzavri xedavs mas, interesdeba. roca baRi xexils moisxams, darwmunebuli var, yvela moindomebs analogiuris gakeTebas. iqve gaixsneba nergebis maRazia, sadac myidveli miiRebs profesionalur rekomendaciebs. Aaseve, vapirebT saCiTile meurneobis mowyobas, CiTilebis gamoyvanas da fermerebisTvis miwodebas. is CiTilebi, Tavad rom gamohyavT, dabalxarisxiani da naklebad gamZlea daavadebebis mimarT. amitom saxelmwifom gadawyvita msgavsi tipis proeqtis dafinanseba. momaval wels axali saCiTile meurneoba moemsaxurebs qedas, Suaxevs, xulos da saWiroebisamebr, analogiurs movawyobT qobuleTsa da xelvaCaurSi.
– ZiriTadad, ra saxis problemebi ikveTeba Tqvens muSaobaSi?
– ZiriTadi problemaa mosaxleobis damokidebuleba saqmis mimarT. uWirT axali teqnologiebis aTviseba, mamapapuri codnisa da unar-Cvevebis gamoyenebas amjobineben. am kuTxiT masobrivad tardeba fermerebisTvis treningebi, konsultaciebi. amasTan, kvalificiuri kadrebis deficiticaa, gvixdeba maTi Camoyvana. marTalia, adgilze gvyavs gamocdili adamianebi, magram axal teqnologiebTan mimarTebaSi bevrs ar aqvs saTanado momzadeba. amitom xdeba maTi gadamzadeba. axla saministro axorcielebs eqstenciis programas, romelic gulisxmobs fermerebTan misvlas da maTTvis informaciis adgilze miwodebas. aRar Wris Zveli codna-gamocdileba, globalurma daTbobam, sazRvrebis gaxsnam, klimatis cvlilebam da axalma mavneblebma sul sxva problemebi Segviqmna, rasac ver gaswvdeba tradiciuli ganaTleba. Zveli meTodebiT fons ver gavalT. amitom aucilebelia, fermerebma mogvisminon, gaiTvaliswinon Cveni rCevebi da sworad gamoiyenon miwodebuli Sxamqimikatebi.
– agromarketi isev ise warmatebiT funqcionirebs?
– diax, ukve mesame welia. momxmarebeli kmayofilia produqciiT da wliTiwlobiT izrdeba maTi raodenoba. maRalmTianeTSic vapirebT analogiuri maRaziis gaxsnas, sadac gvecodineba, ra xarisxis preparatebi gaiyideba, Tan myidvelebs detalur konsultaciebs gavuwevT.
– saTburebis ganviTarebas bevri saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis gadarCenad miiCnevs . . .
– ukve funqcionirebs mesaTbureobis xelSewyobis programa. vafinansebT 100-200-300 kvm saTburebs, 400-500 kvadratul metrzec ki Semoitanes ganacxadi. misi dafinanseba ase xdeba: komisia adgilze ecnoba, ramdenad vargisia teritoria saTburis mosawyobad. Semdeg fermeri gadaixdis saerTo Rirebulebis 20%-s, warmoadgens sabanko angariSs da moxdeba ara konstruqciebis gadacema, aramed montaJi da mSenebloba. rodesac dasruldeba saTburis mowyoba, mxolod amis Semdeg gadavcemT fermers im 80% anazRaurebas.
– mefutkreobasTan dakavSirebiT aRmoifxvra gaugebrobebi?
– diax, futkrebis daxocvas abralebdnen farosanas sawinaaRmdego wamals, magram eqspertizam daRupulTa 80%-Si aRmoaCina tkipebis mier miyenebuli dazianeba. zaralis asanazRaureblad fermerebs gadaveciT futkris ojaxebi, raTa daRupulTa aRdgenaSi Segvewyo xeli. marTalia, yvela msurveli ver davakmayofileT, magram programa momaval welsac gagrZeldeba. magram Tu ar iswavles rogor mouaron futkars, isev ganadgurdeba da problema mougvarebeli darCeba.
– farosanas Tu eSveleba rame?
– arsebobs saxelmwifo programa, romelsac axorcielebs sursaTis erovnuli saagento – es aris farosanas sawinaaRmdego RonisZiebebi. Cveni centri ki fermerebs dawamvlis servisebs SesTavazebs. saministrom ukve gamoacxada tenderi sxvadasxva tipis Sesasxurebeli agregatiT aRWurvil teqnikaze. fermerebi SeZleben mis qiraobas, preparatebi Tavad unda SeiZinon.
– lurji mocvis programam Tu gaamarTla?
– 2013-2014 wlebSi movawyveT lurji mocvis saCvenebeli nakveTebi, Sedegebi namdvilad kargi iyo. am proeqts 2019 wlamde axorcielebda agroproeqtebis marTvis centri, axla ki saministro gaagrZelebs. Cven am etapze ar vmonawileobT, adre ki proeqtis danergvasa da popularizacias SevuwyveT xeli.
– ra aris yvelaze mniSvnelovani fermeruli meurneobis mosawyobad?
– mniSvnelovania niadagis analizi. fermerebs konsultirebisas sruli informacia rom mivawodoT, saWiroa vicodeT niadagis Semadgenloba – ra mineralebi aklia an romeli aqvs Warbad. amis safuZvelze ukve SevZlebT vurCioT, romeli kulturis moSenebaa xelsayreli. es servisi danergili gvaqvs. 30 larad gamovukvlevT dainteresebul pirebs miwas, mTavaria, movidnen, mogvisminon, mogvendon.
