,,32 მილიონი გადაუშვეს წყალში, ვერც ლარი გაამყარეს და ვერც სათანადო შედეგს მიაღწიეს”
ირმა ცეცხლაძე 27 48 93
saqarTvelos erovnuli valuta TvaldaTval ufasurdeba, rac, TavisTavad, ukmayofilebas iwvevs rogorc mosaxleobis, ise biznesis da mmarTveli gundis warmomadgenlebis mxridan. politikuri gancxadebebis miuxedavad, erovnuli banki ar Tvlis Tavs damnaSaved mimdinare procesebSi.
organizacia Tavis gancxadebaSi xazs usvams im faqtors, rom seb-i sakuTar gadawyvetilebebSi damoukidebelia: `erovnuli banki Tavisi funqciebis aRsrulebisas damoukidebelia politikuri Tu sxva gavlenisgan da moqmedebs konstituciiT gansazRvruli mandatis farglebSi. inflaciis TargeTirebis reJimis pirobebSi, centraluri bankebis mizania kursis grZelvadiani stabiluroba, rac erovnuli bankis amocanis – fasebisa da finansuri sistemis stabilurobisaTvis aucilebeli pirobaa. laris kursis moklevadian dinamikaze gavlenas bevri faqtori axdens da reagirebac sxvadasxva mimarTulebiT unda ganxorcieldes. Cven vimoqmedebT kursis grZelvadiani stabilurobis miznebidan gamomdinare da damatebiTi Carevis aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi, gamoviyenebT Cvens xelT arsebul yvela instruments, maT Soris, savaluto intervenciasac, raTa ar davuSvaT maRali inflacia~.
ras gulisxmobs seb-i am gancxadebaSi da realurad ra viTarebaa savaluto bazarze, am da sxva sakiTxebze interviu vTxoveT ekonomist paata aroSiZes.
– rodis daiwyo laris mkveTri gaufasurebis procesi?
– es procesi daaxloebiT, ivnisis dasawyisidan daiwyo, magram rogorc wesi, msgavsi situacia iqmneboda yvela sezonis dasawyisSi. ecemoda laris kursi, magram iyo molodini, rom datvirTuli sezoni iqneboda, Semovidoda didi raodenobis ucxoeli turisti, realurad Semoitanda ucxour valutas (am SemTxvevaSi dolars) da moxdeboda laris gamyareba, Tumca, cnobili movlenebidan gamomdinare, yvelaferi airia. mxedvelobaSi maqvs 20 ivniss ganviTarebuli procesebi da mimdinare aqciebis fonze gasuli wina ori Tve, ramac gamoiwvia turistuli sezonis dabali intensivobiT warmarTva. ufro metic, Tavisuflad SegviZlia vTqvaT, rom turistuli sezoni Cavarda.
– amaze sxvebic saubrobdnen, rac ar daadastura saxelmwifo statistikis departamentma. misi gancxadebiT, qveyanaSi Semosuli turistebis nakadi SarSandelTan SedarebiT araTu Semcirda, gaizarda kidec.
– daTvlis princips gaaCnia. turistebis nakads statistikis da turizmis departamentebi ianvridan iTvlian. jer kidev mais-ivnisSi, amaze nebismieri baTumeli Tu sxva sakurorto dasaxlebis warmomadgeneli dagvemowmeba, marTlac didi iyo ucxoel turistTa ricxvi. am fonze kidev ufro mets elodnen Sua zafxulSi. arada, ivlissa da agvistos dasawyisSi turistTa raodenoba Semcirda. statistikam gadmosca wina welTan SedarebiT 6-7 Tvis monacemebi, magram vnaxoT, mesame kvartalis statistika rogori iqneba. Tavad mmarTvelma gundmac aRiara jer kidev zafxulis dasawyisSi, rom ruseTidan frenebis da sastumroebSi javSnebis gauqmebam didi zarali Tu ara, mniSvnelovani dartyma miayena turistul industrias. amanac gamoiwvia laris kursis varda. ZiriTadad, es procesi iyo Sida faqtorebze damokidebuli.
– ra igulisxmeba `Sida faqtorebSi~?
– piradad me am `Sida faqtorebSi~ politikur situaciasac vgulisxmob da ekonomikursac, igive arCevnebis Temasac da a.S. swored es iyo, rac Wirda lars zafxulis periodSi. gadaxedeT yvela Tvis monacemebs. ivnisis dasawyisSi daeca lari, Tumca Semdgom daiwyo gamyareba, magram axla araTu gamyareba, 2,80-ic Znelad misaRwevi kursi Seiqna qveynisTvis.
– erovnulma bankma scada laris gadarCena, Tumca amaod. . .
– diax, ramdenime dRis win ganaxorciela savaluto bazarze intervencia. 40 milioni dolari gamoitana gasayidad, aqedan 32 milioni dolari gaiyida, laris kursi ki mxolod 4 erTeuliT Semcirda da gamyarda, magram Tavad procesi dagvianebuli aRmoCnda da ukuSedegi moitana. dRevandeli monacemebiT, laris kursi imaze maRla avida, vidre iyo intervenciamde. erovnuli bankis prezidentma ki ganacxada: `Sors mimavali xedvebidan gamomdinare vmoqmedebdiT~. vnaxoT, ramdenad Sors wava misi xedva da ras mogvitans bazarze.
– migaCniaT, rom araswori iyo amxela Tanxis gatana bazarze?
– es procesi ukve dagvianebuli iyo. gamouvidaT Tanxis, rezervebis gadayra anu arasworad gamoiyenes. 32 milioni gadauSves wyalSi, verc lari gaamyares da verc saTanado Sedegs miaRwies.
– sxva ra ekonomikur procesebs ukavSirdeba laris ryeva, xom ar SeiZleba yvelaferi ruseTs da turistul sezons davabraloT?
– radgan turizmi qveyanaSi miCneulia prioritetad, cxadia, valutis kursze saubrisas amaze keTdeba apelireba. arada, SeiZleba Sida procesebi Tu gare faqtorebic iyos umarTavi da aman gamoiwvios laris Cavardna. marTla yvelaferi mxolod turizms xom ar unda davukavSiroT? Tundac sainvesticio aqtivoba aviRoT, romelic Zalian dabalia, Tumca es yovelTvis asea am periodSi. investiciisTvis gazafxuli-Semodgomaa aqtiuri periodi… an kidev minimaluri sagareo faqtorebic unda gaviTvaliswinoT, rac dolaris msoflio masStabiT gamyarebas mohyva da a.S. ZiriTadad, Tu procentuli maCveneblebiT viangariSebT, 90% arsebuli viTareba Sida procesebzea damokidebuli. ar unda daviviwyoT politikuri viTarebac, romelic krizisul talRazea. aseve, ruseTidan mxolod turistebis nakadis Semcireba xom ar iyo? iqidan gauqmda frenebi, rac TavisTavad iwvevs aeronavigaciidan Semosavlebis mkveTr klebas, aRarafers vambob sabaJoze gamkacrebul wesebze, saidanac xili, Rvino da sxva produqtebi gadahqondaT saqarTvelodan ruseTis bazrebze gasayidad. yvelaferma erTad Tavisi uaryofiTi zegavlena moaxdina laris kursze, rac mosalodnelic iyo irgvliv ganviTarebuli movlenebis fonze.
– laris gaufasurebas mezobel qveynebSi arsebuli viTarebiTac amarTleben politikosebi, Tumca Zalian kargad maxsovs, TurqeTSi lira gaufasurebuli rom iyo, lari myarad idga poziciaze.
– es adamianuri faqtoria, Tavs ar idanaSauleb, cdilob, viRacas gadaabralo: `Cven yvelaferi kargad gavakeTeT, magram ra vicodiT, TurqeTSi ra moxdeboda~. . . nuTu am masStabiT varT damokidebuli TurqeTis liraze? ki, gasagebia, iqidan xdeba didi raodenobis produqtis importi, eqsportic met-naklebad TurqeTis mimarTulebiTaa, magram realurad qarTuli ekonomika am doneze ar aris am qveyanaze damokidebuli da erT-erTi mTavari argumentis aqeTken gadaweva ar aris seriozuli gancxadeba.
– biznesmenebi amtkiceben, rom minimum 10%-iani gaZvirebaa mosalodneli, arada, ukve gaZvirebulia yvelaferi da Tanac – metiT. . .
– ra Tqma unda, roca qveyana importzea damokidebuli, biznesmeni qvelmoqmedad ver mogvevlineba – ivaWros da mogeba ar daitovos. am SemTxvevaSi mogeba Seumcirdeba da mogebis gadasaxadebic Semcirdeba, rac, TavisTavad, biujets daawveba. es yvelaferi erTmaneTze mibmulia da gaZvireba gardauvali iyo, rac moxda kidec. adgilobrivi produqciac gaZvirebulia, rasac SesaZlebelia, turizmis efeqtic vuwodoT. yvelaferi turistebis Semosvlazea awyobili. sakurorto zonebSi produqtze fasebi gacilebiT maRalia, vidre danarCen regionebSi. am fasebSi iWyliteba rigiTi moqalaqe – Tuki turistisTvis ar aris Zviri Cveni xili, misi fasi miuwvdomelia adgilobrivi momxmareblisTvis.
– evropis qveynebSi uvizo mimosvlam gamoiwvia saqarTvelodan mosaxleobis gadinebis daCqarebuli tempi, arada, laris gaufasureba xom valutis Semcirebis gamo xdeba. gzavnilebis matebis fonze, valutis raodenobac xom unda gaizardos?
– ki, ucxoeTSi samuSaod gasulTa ricxvi sul ufro matulobs, Tumca rac Seexeba gzavnilebs, amazec krizisi axdens gavlenas, romelic evropaSia. ekonomikuri TeoriiT, gaufasurebuli valutis SemTxvevaSi eqsports eZleva stimuli, magram imdenad gaufasurebulia lari, devalvaciis pirasaa misuli da es principi CvenTan aRar muSaobs. gadmoricxvebzec asea, Tuki adre 200 evros agzavnida emigranti, axla 150-s agzavnis, radgan masac Seumcires xelfasi arsebuli krizisebis fonze. Aarada, misma ojaxma igive raodenobis lari aiRo, rasac adre Rebulobda, laris gaufasurebis gamo, Tumca Cvens fuls Seumcirda msyidvelunarianoba . . .
– eqspertebis gancxadebiT, laris ryeva yvelaze metad saSualo bizness daartyams. . .
– es pirobiTi cnebaa. CvenTan msxvili biznesi arc arsebobs, yvela saSualoa. daawveba es mdgomareoba, aba, ras izams, radgan CvenTan, ZiriTadad, momsaxurebis sferoSi keTdeba fuli. warmoeba praqtikulad minimumamdea ganviTarebuli.
– igive eqspertebi am kuTxiT damatebiT wnexs elodebian, anu. . .
– Tu mTel am gaZvirebis da Semosavlis klebis tendenciebs gadasaxadebSi gadaviyvanT, aRmoCndeba, rom is gadasaxads veRar gadaixdis, radgan mkveTrad Seumcirda Semosavali. Tanac, ver daasaqma xalxis is raodenoba, rac sWirdeba. msyidvelunarianobac xom paraleluradaa Semcirebuli qveyanaSi? am dros an unda gauSvas momsaxure personali an Seumciros xelfasi. orTave uaryofiTia. es aris socialuri Tu moraluri da saerTod, yvelanairi wnexi.
– mudam saubaria samomxmareblo kalaTis kriteriumebis Secvlaze. am viTarebaSi eqneba Tu ara amas raime saxis datvirTva?
– samomxmareblo kalaTa niSnavs im minimums, rac adamianis cxovrebisaTvisaa aucilebeli, magram CvenTan amas minimumis minimumamde iTvlian. dabalSemosavlian ojaxebs gadasaxadebis tvirTi gacilebiT mZimed awveba, vidre maRalSemosavlianebs da isini Semosavlis ZiriTad nawils mimarTaven pirveladi produqciis SeZenaze. CvenTan amas emateba medikamentebi, komunaluri gadasaxadebi da plus amas, bankze damokidebuleba. rac Seexeba daTvlis meqnizms, aucilebelia Seicvalos Tanafardoba. dRiuri kaloria aris 2400. viRacam SeiZleba igi puriT Seivsos, sxvam – xorciT Tu rZis produqtebiT. amitom, midgomaa garkveulwilad Sesacvleli, realobas, post-faqtum situacias mainc unda dauaxloon. Tumca amas ver akeTeben, radgan maSin mosaxleobis 40% RaribTa kastas unda miuaxloon. swored amitom vRebulobT absurdul monacemebs. ara mgonia, am etapze kalaTis kriteriumebis Secvlas raime mniSvneloba hqondes. realurs es verafers mogvitans.
– raSia gamosavali?
– amaze erovnuli bankis prezidenti verafers gvpasuxobs da me ra unda giTxraT? nebismieri ekonomisti getyviT banalur pasuxs: unda gaizardos warmoeba, naklebad damokidebuli unda gavxdeT importze da a.S.
– rogor fiqrobT, lari dolarTan mimarTebaSi sams gadaaxteba?
– rTuli sakiTxia. rodesac amaze saubroben ekonomikuri blokis warmomadgenlebi, cdiloben, seriozulad ar upasuxon. magaliTad, ase: `lari iqceva rogorc Tineijeri da Tavisufalia~, `sadac unda, iq wava~ da a.S. xom ar aris mxedvelobaSi misaRebi? principSi, Tu optimistebi viqnebiT, lari ar gava sam niSnulze zeviT, magram Tu realistebi viqnebiT – ava sam larze zeviT. qmediTi RonisZiebebi Tu ar ganxorcielda, araferi gveSveleba am kuTxiT.
– axlaxan laris kursze isaubres saqarTvelos premierma mamuka baxtaZem, Tbilisis merma kaxi kalaZem da parlamentis Tavmjdomare arCil TalakvaZem, romlebmac seb-s principuli nabijebis gadadgma SesTavazes. aseve, biznesasociaciis prezidentma soso fxakaZem erovnul banks savaluto bazarze Carevisken mouwoda.
– cxadia, gaakeTebdnen mimarTvas, radgan lars aqvs bunebrivze maRali kursi. es gancxadebebi Cveulebriv enaze rom gadavitanoT, niSnavs, rom erovnuli banki arafers akeTebs.
– aqvs ki darCenili berketebi erovnul banks?
– rogor ara. intervencia-Careva erT-erTi mTavari berketia, magram gaaCnia, rodis Caereva. aviRoT yofiTi magaliTi: avadmyofs dagvianebiT rom davuwyoT mkurnaloba, roca aRaraferi uSvelis, eqneba Sedegi?! asea laris ambavic – droze ver uSveles, axla ki meeWveba, rame SeZlon, Tumca mainc imedianad da optimisturad unda SevxedoT xvalindel dRes.
