ვის და რატომ არ მოსწონს შრომის კოდექსში შესატანი ცვლილებები
ირმა ცეცხლაძე 27 48 93
Sromis kodeqsSi cvlilebebis Setanis inicirebam opoziciis da mewarmeebis protesti gamoiwvia, rac ukavSirdeba maTTvis araxelsayrel sakanonmdeblo muxlebs, romlis mixedviTac, kerZo seqtori veRar SeZlebs Tavisi biujetis Sevsebas daqiravebulTa eqspluataciis xarjze.
Cvens sinamdvileSi bevria SemTxveva, rodesac dasaqmebuli ver ewinaaRmdegeba damsaqmeblis mier SeTavazebul arasaxarbielo Sromis pirobebs da anazRaurebas, rac gasagebia arsebuli umuSevrobis fonze. moqalaqeTa umetesoba brmad Tanxmdeba yvelafers, sabolood ki rCeba mware realobis winaSe. kerZod, mis mier gaweuli Sroma ar Seesabameba anazRaurebas. es iwvevs SromiTi resursis cveTas da mudmiv ukmayofilebas, rac Sromis xarisxzec aisaxeba.
gamodis, orive mxare unda iyos dainteresebuli, rom dasaqmebulma imu-Saos mxolod msoflio jandacvis mier gansazRvruli saaTebis ganmavlobaSi da dasvenebisTvis dawesebuli dro sxva samsaxurSi ki ar daxarjos, aramed sakuTari janmrTelobis aRsadgenad, gantvirTvisTvis gamoiyenos.
ra cvlilebebi Sedis Sromis kodeqsSi, ras edaveba opozicia pozicias da ramdenad gamarTlebulia mmarTveli partiis mier SeTavazebuli proeqti mosaxleobisaTvis, amaze profkavSirebis lideri, umaRlesi sabWos deputati, `qarTuli ocnebis~ wevri ilia verZaZe gvesaubreba.
– batono ilia, saubari daviwyoT Sromis kodeqsis Tavdapirvel variantze, rodis miiRes da ratom iwvevda ukmayofilebas dasaqmebulTa mxridan?
– Sromis kodeqsi 2006 welsaa miRebuli, anu `erTiani nacionaluri moZraobis~ mmarTvelobis dros, sakmaod damaxinjebuli, samarcxvino interpretaciaa, rasac mohyva Cveni didi protesti, radgan mkveTrad gauaresda dasaqmebulTa Sromis pirobebi.
– axla romel Sromis kodeqszea saubari?
– axla ganixileba 2013 wlis cvlilebebiani kodeqsi, romelic biZina ivaniSvilis premierad mosvlisTanave gakeTda. swored maSin Seicvala is amazrzeni, dasaqmebulisTvis Seuracxmyofeli (samsaxuridan upirobod gaTavisufleba da sxv.), aSkarad diskriminaciuli poziciebi. amasTan, praqtikulad maSinve daemata kodeqss axali Tavi, romlis mixedviTac, socialuri dialogi da socialuri partnioroba Tvisobrivad axal rangSi anu kodeqsis doneze avida. amis Semdeg rigi cvlilebebi kidev ganxorcielda, magram amJamad ukve mzaddeba cvlilebebis seriozuli paketi, romelic Cvens SromiT pirobebs Tvisobrivad Secvlis da TiTqmis sruliad axal kodeqss miviRebT.
– vin amzadebs am pakets da ra saxis cvlilebebs unda velodoT?
– amaze dimitri cqitiSvilis xelmZRvanelobiT muSaobs parlamentarTa jgufi. cvlilebebi Seexeba bevr rames, yvelafers ver CamovTvli. magaliTad, diskriminacias, Sesvenebis da dasvenebis drois regulaciebs, zeganakveTur Sromis anazRaurebas (romlis erT-erTi avtori me gaxlavarT baton daviT gabaiZesTan erTad. Cvens umaRles sabWoSi ukve davaregistrireT es iniciativa) da sxv.
– rogorc vici, dava midis Sromis saaTebTan dakavSirebiT. cvlilebebis mixedviT ramdeni saaTiT eZleva moqalaqes Sromis ufleba?
– kviraSi 48 saaTi. saqme imaSia, rom asocirebis SeTanxmebiT es valdebuleba isedac aRebuli hqonda saqarTvelos evrokavSiris winaSe. evrodireqtivebis mixedviT, qveyanaSi unda moxdes samuSao drois reglamentireba. marTalia, iq cota gansxvavebuli direqtivebia, magram Cven vcdilobT TandaTan fexi avuwyoT evropas da CavdgeT civilizebuli qveynebis rigSi. samwuxaroa, rom amas bevri ver xvdeba.
– yvelaze metad ra pretenzia aqvT Tqvens oponentebs da Tu mogmarTavdnen damsaqmeblebiT ukmayofilo profkavSiris wevrebi?
– yvela maTi pretenzia saboloo jamSi drois aRricxvianobas ukavSirdeba. Cveni erT-erTi iniciativa aRricxvis gamkacrebas gulisxmobs. swored amas ewinaaRmdegebian Cveni oponentebi. paradoqsulia, rasac gveubnebian. me mesmis, rom am saukuneSi bevria saxlSi samuSao, bevri sargeblobs Tavisufali reJimiT, magram am SemTxvevaSic aRricxvianobis mowesrigeba ar aris rTuli. Tundac mamapapuri Jurnali SemoviRoT, romelSic mudmivad vawarmoebT aRricxvas da davadgenT, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi Tu ramdeni xani imuSava adamianma konkretul obieqtze.
– gamodis, rigiT moqalaqeebs kidev erTi Tavsatesi gauCndebaT?
– minda agixsnaT is, rasac ver ki ara, ar igeben Cveni oponentebi, radgan maT saTavisod arc awyobT am aRricxvianobis meqanizmis gamkacreba. Cven nebismier kanons, kontrols vawesebT ara deputatebis, topmenejerebis Tu Tavisufal reJimSi dasaqmebulTaTvis, aramed im xalxisTvis, visac dabali xelfasi aqvs, visac uWirs. Tuki adamians Seezara JurnalSi xelis mowera imis dasadastureblad Tu rodis mivida samuSaoze da rodis wamovida iqedan, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi ver daamtkicebs, rom Cagraven, anu laparaki saboloo jamSi mainc mowyvlad, socialurad daucvel jgufebzea. . . axlaxans saqarTvelos parlamentis miwveviT samuSao Sexvedraze viyavi, sadac am sakiTxze gvqonda debatebi. oponentma ganacxada, me samuSaos Semdeg leqciebs vkiTxulob, Tqven Tu SemzRudavT, damatebiT sazRaurs veRar gamovimuSavebo. ukacravad, magram mas aravin zRudavs, gamodis, rom ekleqtikuri SepasuxebiT unda maiZulos davtovo Zveli norma, romelic gavrceldeba ara mxolod masze, aramed im meSaxtezec, romelic 300 metr siRrmeSi eSveba minimaluri sazRaurisTvis.
– da es aRricxvianoba ras miscems im meSaxtes?
– Cven, iniciatorebs, gvinda am meqanizmis gamkacreba, radgan amis gareSe SeuZlebelia, dadgindes zeganakveTurad ramdeni amuSava damsaqmebelma dasaqmebuli. mewarmeebs, cxadia, es ar awyobT, radgan amuSaveben 4 saaTs zeganakveTiT da SeuZliaT Tqvan, ori saaTi vamuSaveo. mTeli cxovreba Ramis 9 saaTze rom midiodes kaci samuSaodan saxlSi, Tu Jurnali ar arsebobs, verasodes daadgen – 9-ze wavida Tu 8-ze. saTanado dokumentis gareSe amis damtkiceba SeuZlebelia.
– xSiria SemTxvevebi, rodesac marTlac monurad Sromoben, magram aravin acxadebs pretenziebs, radgan umuSevrad darCenis eSiniaT. . .
– rogor ar acxadeben, rom gamwardebian acxadeben da quCaSic ki gamodian transparantebiT. amis bevri magaliTi gvaqvs, magram es xdeba mas Semdeg, rodesac zRvars gadalaxavs Cagvra. Cven vwuxvarT, rom saqarTveloSi, mowinave qveynebisgan gansxvavebiT, adamianebi miCveuli arian mxolod maSin Civils, roca bolo zRvarze mivlen. gangaSis zarebs ar rekaven, arafers amboben pirvelive darRvevaze, iTmenen bolomde, radgan rogorc Tqven brZaneT, umuSevrad darCenis SiSi aqvT gamjdari. swored amitom vambobT, rom kanonma unda misces am xalxs saSualeba, Tavidanve daayenos simaRleze sakuTari Rirseba da sakuTari Sroma. kidev erTxel vimeoreb, am kanonebs ar vRebulobT deputatebis Tu leqtorebisTvis. Tu leqciebis kiTxva SegiZlia, ikiTxe, vin dagiSala. am SezRudvebs vawesebT maRaroebSi, fabrika-qarxnebsa da plantaciebSi dasaqmebulTaTvis, romlebic fexze dganan 8 saaTi da kidev 2-3 – saaTs toveben da marTlac gausaZlis pirobebSi, minimalur sazRaurad uwevT muSaoba, pretenziebis warmoTqmis uflebac ki ar gaaCniaT, radgan ician, maSinve gareT aRmoCndebian yovelgvari Tanxis gareSe.
– Tuki SezRudva dawesdeba, im leqtormac rogor unda imuSaos zedmeti, Tundac survili hqondes?
– Tu unda, imuSavebs. sakiTxi dadgeba im SemTxvevaSi, Tuki sarCeli Seva sasamarTloSi da moiTxoven gadamowmebas. Tuki surs da muSaobs, vin dauSlis, imuSaos. me erT niuanss getyviT, romelic sakuTari gamocdilebidan vici. dRes mosamarTles ufleba ara aqvs, mosarCeles imaze meti misces, vidre iTxovs. magaliTad, Tuki iTxovs 10 lars, miuxedavad imisa, rom irgvliv yvelam, maT Soris mosamarTlemac icis, rom 1000 lari ekuTvnis, ver miaceminebs im 1000-s, radgan moTxovnaSi ar weria. es aqsiomaa iurisprudenciaSi. igivea im deputatzec, Tuki ar mimarTa sasamarTlos, vin edaveba, moswons da imuSaos. aq isic unda gaviTvaliswinoT, rom am SemTxvevaSi drois aRricxva pirobiTia da sulac ar niSnavs 48 saaTze metxans muSaoba samuSao droiT gadacdomas.
– oponentebi imasac ambobdnen, rom cvlilebis mixedviT moqalaqeebs erTze met adgilas dasaqmeba aekrZalebaT, marTalia?
– ara, tyuilia. eg daaskvnes iqidan, rom zeganakveTuri zRvaris dawesebaze ganvacxadeT. Tavad zRvari pirovnebazea mibmuli da ara samsaxurebis raodenobaze. Tuki erT samsaxurSi imuSavebs 40 saaTs, xolo meoreSi – 8 saaTs, igi amowuravs Tavisi dasaqmebis daSvebul zRvars, mesameSi veRar imuSavebs.
– ra icvleba dekretulis anazRaurebis kuTxiT?
– aq Cadebulia qalebis Sromis dacva, gamravlebis, demografiis sakiTxi, radgan amJamad arsebuli kodeqsis mixedviT, 6 Tves ki SeuZlia dedas daisvenos, magram sul 1000 lars iRebs da damsaqmeblis keTil nebazea damokidebuli, miscems Tu ara am xnis ganmavlobaSi xelfass. principSi, es praqtikulad SeuZlebelia da realurad midian molaparakebaze, or Tveze mets ar asve-neben CvilbavSvian dedas. am situaciaSi samsaxuric zaralobs, ojaxic da Svilic. aravin icis, raSi gamovlindeba am asakSi miRebuli travma, romelic Tavidan ar Cans. mowinave msofliom monaxa gamosavali da Cvenc unda gadaviRoT es modeli. axali cvlilebiT, 6 Tvis ganmavlobaSi qali miiRebs arsebuli xelfasis 80%-s, xolo darCenili 20%-is gaReba damsaqmeblisTvis ufro advilia, ar daawveba tvirTad. iqneb, verc gadauxados, es mis keTil nebaze rCeba, Tumca dameTanxmeT, am viTarebaSi es 80%-ic ar aris cudi. fulis gamo ojaxma ar unda gadaifiqros bavSvis gaCena, eris gamravleba.
– ra emuqreba damsaqmebels Sromis kodeqsis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi?
– cvlilebebi Seva administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsSi. amaze realurad jer saubari ar yofila, anu cifrebi, konkretuli jarimebi ar daudgeniaT. es albaT iqneba Sromis inspeqciis kompetencia, romelic calke aip-ad gamoeyofa jandacvis saministros da Camoyalibdeba seriozul uwyebad, am kanonis amoqmedebis Semdeg ki miecema uwyeba-obieqtebis Semowmebis uflebamosileba. cxadia, Seamowmeben rogorc gegmurad, aseve piris saCivris safuZvelze, yvelas ecodineba, rom kanons unda daemorCilon da gaZlierdeba is muxli, sadac weria nebayofloba, anu damsaqmebeli asjer dafiqrdeba. sanam ZaliT datovebs Tavis xelqveiTs zeganakveTze samuSaod – Tanxmobis miRebazec izrunebs da xelsac moawerinebs, radgan jarimis SeeSindeba. veravin damajerebs, rom fabrika-qarxnebSi xalxi didi siamovnebiT rCeba samuSaod 10 saaTamde, im mizeruli anazRaurebisTvis, rasac maT damsaqmebeli aZlevs. yvelaferi es mogvcems im realobas, risi miRwevac gvsurs. gadavalT ufro civilizebuli saxelmwifos modelze, gaCndeba urTierTpativiscema dasaqmebulsa da damsaqmebels Soris da kanonis mimarTac.
– zeganakveTuri samuSaos anazRaurebis odenobas Tavad damsaqmebeli gansazRvravs?
– ara, esec fiqsirebuli gaxdeba. am etapze ganixileba 1/5 daaweson Tu 1/25. 1/5 niSnavs arsebuli saaTobrivi anazRaurebis zemoT 50%-s, xolo 1/25 – 25%-s, anu Tuki saaTSi Rebulobs 20 lars, zeganakveTiT gamomuSavebul yovel saaTSi aiRebs an 30-s an 25 lars. mimdinareobs bWoba, raTa ar iyos zogadi Canaweri, rogorc dResaa: `zedmeti unda mieces~.
– CvenTan ojaxebSi Semovida ZiZis, momvlelis, damlageblis instituti. Tundac italiaSi aqedan wasul qalebs aqvT dReSiD ori saaTi Sesveneba, gamosasvleli dRe, zeganakveTs unazRaureben srulad. aq ki msgavsi araferi xdeba.
– es bolo wlebis Temaa da msoflioSi aqtualuri mxolod axlaxan gaxda. bevr wamyvan qveyanasac ki ara aqvs daregulirebuli es urTierTobebi kanonmdeblobiT. aSS-Si mxolod erTma Statma miiRo am kuTxiT kanoni, evropaSic axla iwyeben normatiuli aqtebiT amis dalagebas. es marTlac aris Tema, problema, magram CvenTvis Semdgomi etapia. minda gaiTvaliswinon dasaqmebulebma, rom Cvens realobaSi veyrdnobiT ormxriv xelSekrulebebs, romlis gaformebasac orive mxares vurCevT. Tuki warmoiqmneba problema, es xelSekruleba maT Zalian daexmareba davis gadawyvetaSi.
