ლევან ჯაყელი: პოსტპანდემიური სიტუაცია იქნება ძალიან ფრთხილი, დისტანციური, ცოტა – პრობლემურიც
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ramdenime weliwadSi axal msoflio wesrigs miviRebT
msoflio axali realobis winaSe aRmoCnda – pandemiam, garkveulwilad, daapauza qveynebis majiscema. aSS, evrokavSiri da sxva aqtorebi, ramdenime Tvis ganmavlobaSi, cdilobdnen virusTan gamklavebas. cxadia, gaCnda kiTxvebi – koronavirusis pirobebSi yvelaze daucvelebi ratom aRmoCndnen zesaxelmwifoebi (aSS, ruseTi, evrokavSiri), ram ganapiroba saqarTvelos dadebiTi Sedegebi pandemiasTan brZolaSi, Seicvleba Tu ara msoflio dRis wesrigi da, saerTod, rogori iqneba axali realoba? am da sxva aqtualur sakiTxebze baTumis saxelmwifo universitetis profesori, saerTaSoriso samarTlis specialisti levan jayeli gvesaubra
– rogor Seicvala Tqveni cxovrebis ritmi pandemiis periodSi?
– me mas davarqmevdi muSaobis formatis Secvlas, radgan saqme gamiaTmagda, moiSala samuSao dRis ganrigi, drois menejmenti airia distanciuri muSaobis periodSi. uwyvet kontaqtSi viyavi Cems TanamSromlebsa da studentebTan. Tavisufali dro, romelic Zalian cota mrCeboda, ra Tqma unda, movaxmare Cems pirad ganviTarebas, wignebis kiTxvas, samecniero saqmianobas da ramdenime publikaciis proeqtic movamzade.
– msoflio sul sxvanairi iyo axal koronavirusamde da sul sxva realobaSi aRmovCndiT koronavirusis Semdeg. ra igulisxmeba am mosazrebaSi, rogor fiqrobT?
– unda aRvniSno, rom msoflio ukve didi xania emzadeba cvlilebebisTvis, koronavirusma ki Tavisi Strixebi Seitana am mimarTulebiT. SeiZleba iTqvas, msoflio wesrigis gadawyoba dawyebuli iyo manamdec, magram koronavirusma amas didi wertili dausva da, faqtobrivad, ukve Secvala bevri ram. magaliTad, msoflio wesrigis safuZvlidan, moiTxova ekonomikuri, socialuri, interpersonaluri urTierTobebis Secvla, aseve, teqnologiuri da totaluri cvlilebebis zRvarze dagvayena. totalurs imitom vambob, rom es aris yovlismomcveli, kompleqsuri da ar aris raRac erTi, magaliTad, usafrTxoebis an jandacvis sferoSi mimdinare procesebi, aris teqnologiuri, sakanonmdeblo, usafrTxoebis, pirTa Soris urTierTobebis da a.S cvlileba da, rac mTavaria, saerTaSoriso samarTlebrivi wesrigis. Tu davakvirdebiT, saxelmwifoebi ukve gadian mravalmxrivi xelSekrulebebidan da yvelaferi midis ormxrivi urTierTobebisken. savaraudod, ramdenime welSi Cven miviRebT axal msoflio wesrigs, axal realobaSi gaRviZebulma sazogadoebam ki iswavla kanonmorCileba, urTierTpativiscema, SeiZina distanciuri muSaobis unarebi. dadebiTis Zebnas Tu daviwyebT, is aris, rom adamianebi sakuTar TavTan datova da dafiqrebis saSualeba misca.
– koronavirusis winaSe yvelaze daucvelebi mdidari saxelmwifoebi (aSS, italia, espaneTi) ratom aRmoCndnen? iqneb, paralelic gavavloT saqarTvelosTan. . .
– Cemi gadasaxedidan martivad ixsneba es sakiTxi imitom, rom koronavirusma arCevanis winaSe daayena saxelmwifoebi da maTi sistemebi, anu adamianis usafrTxoeba, janmrTeloba Tu ekonomika. eqspertebi am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT sxvadasxva pasuxs gvTavazoben da saubroben imaze, Tu vis rogori mmarTvelobis da jandacvis sistema aqvs. magaliTad, totalitarul sistemebSi martivi gaxda gamklaveba imitom, rom erTi adamiani iRebs gadawyvetilebas. demokratiul qveynebSi es SeuZlebeli gaxda, vinaidan Zalian bevri SesaTanxmebeli rgoli iyo. rogorc viciT, jer prezidentma unda gasces gankarguleba, parlamenti-senati daeTanxmos, daskvnebi eqspertebisgan, specialistebisgan miiRon. am yvelaferma droSi gawela gadawyvetilebis miReba. samwuxarod, realoba is aris, rom virusi uwyvet reJimSi ibrZvis sakuTari sicocxlisunarianobisTvis. Sesabamisad, is qveynebi, sadac mmarTveloba iyo centralizebuli, martivad gaumkvlavdnen am gamowvevas, TiTqosda demokratiis xarjze. meore mxriv, iyo qveynebi, romlebmac daTmes ekonomika da usafrTxoeba uzrunvelyves. aseTia, magaliTad, israeli da saqarTvelo – Cven uari vTqviT ekonomikaze, gavaCereT yvelaferi, gamoviketeT saxlebSi, agvekrZala da SegvezRuda bevri ram da aman mogvitana swored is Sedegi, sadac axla varT da Zalian kargad vCanvarT rogorc efeqturi marTvis qveyana. qarTvelebs kritikul situaciebSi mobilizebis Zalian kargi unari gvaqvs da roca saerTo problema Cndeba, yvelafers vTmobT da vibrZviT erTad. aucileblad unda aRvniSno da kargia, amis SesaZlebloba rom momeca – mTavrobis da jandacvis sistemis, eqimebis efeqturoba, gamWriaxoba, niWi da Tavdadeba. madloba maT, radgan aravin icis, ra rTuli situaciis winaSe aRmovCndebodiT, maTi didi roli rom ara. Cven vxedavT, somxeTSi, ruseTSi rogor gaWirda koronavirusTan brZola.
– aSkaraa, rom msoflio axal ganzomilebaSi gadadis, Seicvleba Tu ara saerTo dRis wesrigi, anu ramdenad aqtualuri iqneba nato, evrokavSiri. . .
– verc evropa da verc amerika miiRebs iseT martiv da myisier gadawyvetilebas, rogorc es SeuZlia ruseTs, CineTs, saqarTvelos. iq es procesi iqneba xangrZlivi da kompleqsuri, magram ra gadawyvetilebasac miiReben, gavlenas moaxdens Semdeg mTel msoflioze, radgan regulaciebi SemuSavdeba informaciis Sekrebis, analizis, sinTezis, daskvnebis gamotanis da mTeli rigi konsultaciebis Semdeg. es standartebi, moTxovnebi, romelic upasuxebs yvela gamowvevas, iqneba, ra Tqma unda, efeqturi da, savaraudod, mere Cvenc mogveTxoveba, Cveni asocirebis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebidan gamomdinare, harmonizacia evropis kavSiris regulaciebTan da samarTalTan. unda davelodoT imas, rom evrokavSiri meTodurad, Tanmimdevrulad da gonivrulad miiRebs gadawyvetilebebs. SesaZlebelia, saqarTvelos gamocdilebac Seiswavlon evropelebma da didi sistemis raRac nawilSi Cadon da gaiTvaliswinon es Taviseburebebi, magram ar unda dagvaviwydes – saqarTvelo evropa ar aris da evropa saqarTvelo ar aris. is, rac gamosayenebeli iqneba, gamoiyeneben, xolo, rac ar iqneba Tavsebadi, imas gadadeben, es CvenTvisaa damaxasiaTebeli, rom kargis ZiebaSi yvelafers virgebT da dros fuWad vkargavT, xSirad gamousadegarSi vxarjavT did Tanxas da resurss. Sesabamisad, movuwodebdi CvenTan gadawyvetilebis mimReb subieqtebs, davnergoT da movirgoT is mantiebi, romelic Cvens mentalobasTan, realobasTan, urTierTobebTan aris yvelaze axlos, amasTan, ganxorcielebadia, relevanturia da aucileblad gamoiRebs Sedegs.
– Tu zemoaRniSnuli evroatlantikuri struqturebi droebiT TamaSgare mdgomareobaSi aRmoCndnen, maSin saqarTvelos ra safrTxeebi SeiZleba Seeqmnas ruseTisgan?
– es mudmivi procesia. vidre ruseTi saqarTvelos mezobeli iqneba, is iqneba saqarTvelos politikis, strategiis, ekonomikis ganmsazRvreli da masze zemoqmedebis momxdeni. aq laparakia Cvens dabalansebul politikaze, urTierTobebze da aucileblad unda gaviazroT, rom Cveni radikaluri gancxadebebi, ganwyobebi, qmedebebi ruseTs ver SeaSinebs. amiT mxolod vubiZgebT im subieqts, romelic aris Cvenze Zlieri da uzrunvelyofili an unda davelodoT mis iseT doneze dasustebas, rom Cveni resursebiT SevZloT gamklaveba. vidre es ar SegviZlia, unda viyoT frTxilebi. israelis magaliTi Zalian kargia – mas xma ar gauRia, vidre sakuTari resursebis ar iwama da mxolod Semdeg gamoucxada omi arabul samyaros. msoflioSi aris precedentebi, romlisganac SegviZlia viswavloT da romc ar iyos, gvmarTebs gonivruloba, radgan Cvens gadawyvetilebebze da qmedebebzea damokidebuli momavali Taobis bed-iRbali. unda davsvaT kiTxvebi, ras da rogors vutovebT momaval Taobas. Cveni aqcentebi ar unda iyos mimarTuli mxolod samxedro gaZlierebisken, aramed ekonomika unda gavaZlieroT ise, rom Semdeg am ekonomikam SeZlos samxedro da Tavdacvis resursebis gaZliereba. Semdeg gamoCndeba gza xsnisa. sanam Cveni ekonomika iqneba raRacaze an viRacaze damokidebuli, ocnebac ki ar SeiZleba imaze, Tu rogor davZlevT ruseTs. manamde isRa dagvrCenia, yvela xriks da meTods mivmarToT, Tu rogor gavaneitraloT am qveynis agresia Cvens winaaRmdeg. erTaderTi – am Temaze saubari ar unda SevwyvitoT, ar unda davtovoT arc erTi megobari saxelmwifos Tu saerTaSoriso arena, sadac am problemebze ar vilaparakebT imitom, rom ar dakanondes is Sedegebi, romelic dRes ruseTis ukanono, arasamarTliani qmedebebis gamo gvaqvs. Cven amas aucileblad davZlevT, magram saWiroa dro. unda CavrToT msoflio eqspertebi, specialistebi, rom Cven gvqondes Sedegebi.
– dRes didi danakargebis gareSe krizisidan gamovlen is saxelmwifoebi, visac maragi aqvs Seqmnili, am mxriv, Cvens qveyanas ra perspeqtiva gaaCnia, saxelmwifoebrioba gaaZlieros. . .
– maragis problemis riski, ra Tqma unda, arsebobda, magram – minimaluri, imitom, rom ar Caketila maragebis gacvla-gamocvlisTvis sazRvrebi. Caiketa da dapauzda swored sawarmoebi, magram 2-3-Tviani Seferxeba, am SemTxvevaSi, ver iqneba ganmsazRvreli. saSiSi eqvsTviani an erTwliani dapauzebebi iqneboda, xvna-Tesva, sasaTbure meurneoba gaCerdeboda da es samomavlod aucileblad cud Sedegs gamoiRebda. vfiqrob, aseTi safrTxis winaSe ar videqiT. ra Tqma unda, raRac riski iyo, magram, faqtobrivad, ganulda, radgan warmoeba aRdga. axla im etapze varT, roca mxolod maragze ki ara, saxelmwifos swor dagegmarebaze unda vifiqroT. umetesobas aqvs sofeli da Tu daakvirdebiT, gamoCnda, rom rogorc ki gaWirda, yvela wavida soflad, meurneobas mihyo xeli da saxelmwifosgan moiTxova mxolod mxardaWera saxnav-saTesi samuSaoebis ganxorcielebaSi. saxelmwifo, ra Tqma unda, kargia, rom raRac doziT daexmara maT, magram es arasakmarisia, Sedegi arc ise didi eqneba, radgan es unda iyos sistemuri, fundamenturi da ara – erTjeradi. amaze, albaT, ukeTesad ekonomistebi da soflis meurneobis specialistebi ilaparakeben, Tumca faqtia, rom bevri sistemuri sakiTxia gadasaWreli, rom dRis wesrigSi maragis qona-arqonis problema ar dadges.
– dasavleTSi gamoiTqva azri, rom ajobebs, Seiqmnas msoflios mTavroba, raTa gaadvildes globalur krizisTan brZola, ramdenad mosalodnelia amgvari ram da ras uqadis es Cvens planetas?
– rogorc aRvniSne, dawyebulia msoflio wesrigis gadawyoba-ganaxaleba. veRar muSaobs 1945 wlis gaeros wesdeba, riTac dRes msoflioSi saerTaSoriso procesebi regulirdeba. aSkaraa, myari gadawyvetilebebis mimRebi organizaciis sisuste da deficiti. Cven gvWirdeba iseTi organizacia, romelic Seajerebs sxvadasxva saxelmwifos poziciebs, erT, sayovelTaod misaReb pozicias SeimuSavebs da gaaJRerebs, Semdeg ki uzrunvelyofs mis aRsrulebas. aucilebelia an axali saerTaSoriso organizaciis dafuZneba an gaeros gardaqmna. gaeros gardaqmna ukve 90-iani wlebidan mimdinareobs, magram Zalian nela, araefeqturad da Cven am Sedegs ver vgrnobT, magram vfiqrob, raRac zesaxelmwifoebrivi meqanizmi, romelic amerikis, ruseTis, CineTis da arabuli qveynebis ambicia-emociebs daabalansebs, aucilebelia. saboloo jamSi, minda, rom msoflios da kacobriobas eyos axali msoflio wesrigis minimaluri danakariTa da usisxlod miRebis goniereba. es iqneba Cveni, 21-e saukunis yvelaze didi miRweva. samwuxarod, aseTi wesrigis miReba, swored meore msoflio omis Sedegad gaxda SesaZlebeli.
– rogori iqneba postpandemiuri msoflio da saqarTvelo?
– garkveuli periodis ganmavlobaSi postpandemiuri situacia iqneba Zalian frTxili, distanciuri, cota problemuric, magram, saboloo jamSi, ufro Tavdajerebulad Seudgebian TanamSromlobas saxelmwifoebi. am viTarebaSi saqarTveloSi vxedav erT swor mimarTulebas – saxelmwifom moqalaqeebs da mis teritoriaze mcxovreb ucxoelebsac ar unda SeuSalos xeli TviTganviTrebaSi. saxelmwifo maSin aris Zlieri, roca hyavs Zlieri moqalaqeebi, mewarmeebi, iuridiuli pirebi, romlebic Tavisuflad da uSiSrad uZRvebian TavianT saqmes da didi wvlili SeaqvT mis gaZlierebaSi – amdenad, adamianebis roli am yvelaferSi gadamwyvetia.
