პანდემია და ფსიქოლოგიური ფონი
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msoflio TiTqmis eqvsi Tvea, paralizebulia pandemiis gamo. mudmivad vigebT negatiur informacias kovid-19-is gavrcelebis riskebze. xSirad gviwevs SeSinebuli Svilebis damSvideba. Wirs axsna, ratom ver dadian skolaSi, baRSi an gasarTob centrebSi, romlebic dRemde ar gaxsnila. mozardebi maTTvis uCveulo garemoSi aRmoCndnen: onlaingakveTilebi, saxlidan iSviaTad gasvla, megobrebTan mxolod socialuri qselis meSveobiT kontaqti, ramac depresiuli foni Seqmna. arsebul gamowvevebTan gamklavebis gzebsa da sxva mniSvnelovan sakiTxebze fsiqologi nino gedexauri gvesaubra.
– qalbatono nino, daviwyoT imiT, Tu ra problemebis winaSe aRmoCndnen adamianebi pandemiis gamo.
– axalma koronavirusma da masTan dakavSirebulma regulaciebma radikalurad Secvala Cveni cxovrebis yoveldRiuri grafiki rogorc saxlSi, aseve samsaxurSi da saswavleblebSi. erTi mxriv, Cven unda davicvaT is rekomendaciebi, romlebsac jandacvis msoflio organizacia gvTavazobs: distancireba, izolacia, karantini da, meore mxriv, unda gavumklavdeT im gverdiT movlenebs, rac am regulaciebis dacvas axlavs Tan. es iqneba gadametebuli emociuroba, SiSi, SfoTva, sevda, sibraze Tu uimedoba.
– gaxSirda ojaxuri Zaladobis faqtebic . . .
– gaxSirda Tu ara, amis statistikuri monacemebi ar maqvs, magram iseTi faqtorebi, rogoricaa SezRuduli urTierTobebi, stresuli, emociuri foni, mosalodneli ekonomikuri problemebi Zaladobis risks rom zrdis, faqtia. pandemiis pirobebSi mSoblebi aRmoCndnen ukiduresad stresul situaciaSi. maT, visac samsaxurSi uwevs siaruli, bavSvebi rCebaT meTvalyureobis gareSe, radgan skolebi, baRebi da bavSvTa movlis sxvadasxva centri daketilia, xolo vinc saxlidan ganagrZobs muSaobas, erTdroulad ramdenime saqmis keTeba uwevs: xarisxianad unda Seasrulon TavianTi samsaxurebrivi movaleoba, mouaron da izrunon bavSvebze da, zogierT SemTxvevaSi, moxucebul mSoblebze. dRis ganrigis aseTi cvlileba iwvevs dabneulobas, gaRizianebas, SfoTvas rogorc mSoblebSi, aseve – bavSvebSi, es yvelaferi ki aris winapiroba, rom ojaxSi imatebs verbaluri da fizikuri agresia. rodesac bavSvi eswreba mSoblebs Soris Zaladobas, es damazianebelia misi fsiqikuri janmrTelobisaTvis, SesaZloa, gadavides posttravmul stresSi da gamovlindes emociuri da qceviTi problemebi. metic, partniorebs Soris Zaladobas xSirad Tan axlavs bavSvze Zaladoba. rodesac bavSvi izolirebulia saxlSi, izrdeba arasworad mopyrobis riski.
– diax, samwuxarod, bavSvebic gaxdnen mSoblebis mxridan Zaladobis msxverplni.
– is dawesebulebebi, romlebic awvdidnen informacias bavSvTa Zaladobis Sesaxeb Sesabamis uwyebebs, daketilia. aqedan gamomdinare, zustad ver gvecodineba statistikuri monacemebi, ramdenad gaizarda Zaladoba, Tumca am rTul situaciaSi bavSvebi arian yvelaze daucvel mdgomareobaSi da, xSir SemTxvevaSi, msxverplis saxiT gvevlinebian. bavSvebi informirebulebi unda iyvnen adgilze arsebuli samsaxurebis da specialistebis Sesaxeb, romlebsac mimarTaven saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi da miiReben Sesabamis daxmarebas. da mainc, rogor davicvaT bavSvebi im arasasurveli gavlenisagan, rasac izolacia da karantini iwvevs? mudmivad iqonieT kontaqti mozardebTan, mousmineT da upasuxeT maT kiTxvebs martivad da gulwrfelad. Tu ar gaqvT maT kiTxvaze pasuxi, uTxariT, rom ar iciT, magram aucileblad moiZiebT informacias da etyviT. esaubreT virusis Sesaxeb, CausaxeT imedi – uTxariT, rom mecnierebi dRedaRam muSaoben, raTa daexmaron adamianebs virusis damarcxebaSi. auxseniT da erTad SeimuSaveT higienis wesebi; bavSvebi nerviuloben, rodesac saxlidan gadixarT, auxseniT mSvidad da damarwmuneblad, sad midixarT, ramdeni xniT, rodis dabrundebiT da rom daicavT arsebul wesebs; daakvirdiT da amoicaniT maTi grZnobebi. Tu SeamCnevT gaRizianebas, SiSs, sevdas, ar datovoT uyuradRebod. magaliTad, SegiZliaT uTxraT: `me vxvdebi, gaRizianebuli xar, albaT, imitom, megobrebs rom ver naxulob. ras fiqrob, SegviZlia maTTan telefoniT dakavSireba?~; iyaviT modeli maTi gancdebisa, SeinarCuneT simSvide, gafiltreT informacia, nu daijerebT yvelafers, gadaamowmeT sando wyaroebiT. daaweseT informaciis miRebis limiti, magaliTad, dReSi orjer. bavSvebis TandaswrebiT ar gamoxatoT uimedoba. simSvidis SenarCunebiT maT vagrZnobinebT, rom situacias vakontrolebT; Zalze mniSvnelovania axali, jansaRi rutinis SemuSaveba da dacva, aucilebelia dRis ganrigi, romelic axal realobaze iqneba morgebuli.
– Tanatolebic erTmaneTis mimarT agresiulobiT gamoirCevian. rogor vuSveloT am problemas?
– mozardebs ufrosebis meti yuradReba da daxmareba sWirdebaT. samwuxarod, Cven xSirad gvesmis Tanatolebs Soris momxdari ubeduri SemTxvevebis Sesaxeb. magaliTad, SegviZlia gavixsenoT uaxloes periodSi momxdari araerTi tragedia, romlebmac sazogadoeba SeZra. bavSvebi xSirad gaucnobiereblad erTvebian sxvadasxva ZaladobaSi. uyuradRebod ar unda davtovoT Zaladobis gamovlenis arc erTi forma, es iqneba dacinva, warTmeva, damcireba Tu sxva. dawyebiTi klasebidanve unda moxdes mozardebSi cnobierebis amaRleba da Zaladobis dagmoba. maswavleblebis, skolis direqciis da mSoblebis ZalisxmeviT SesaZlebelia Zaladobis Semcireba TanatolebSi.
– onlainmecadineobaze ras gvetyviT?
– ver vityviT, rom cudia an kargi, mas gaaCnia Tavisi Zlieri da susti mxareebi. dadebiT mxareebad SegviZlia davasaxeloT: drois dazogva; nebismieri wertilidan SeuZlia bavSvs CaerTos saswavlo procesSi; amcirebs xarjebs; ufro bevri xelmisawvdomi resursia; iZleva moqnili ganrigis SesaZleblobas; zogierTi masala SeiZleba moismino SenTvis sasurvel dros; gaZlevs SesaZleblobas, airCio Seni individualuri swavlis tempi. susti mxareebi: erT-erTi da ZiriTadi problemaa internetTan wvdoma, radgan jer kidev Zalian bevr bavSvs Seeqmna am mxriv problema; onlainswavleba moiTxovs garkveul teqnologiur unar-Cvevebs, rac yvela moswavles da maswavlebels ar gaaCnia; onlainswavlebis dros bavSvebi moklebulni arian uSualo interaqcias, Semcirebulia socialuri kontaqtebi tradiciul swavlasTan SedarebiT; adamians sWirdeba bevri iseTi unari, romlis gamomuSaveba moiTxovs uSualo kontaqts da misi onlaingamomuSaveba SeuZlebelia. dakvirvebidan gamomdinare, SegviZlia vTqvaT, rom onlainmecadineobebi moiTxovs TviTdisciplinas da drois menejmentis codnas, TviTmotivaciis arqona ki SeiZleba CavTvaloT erT-erT damabrkolebel faqtorad. Sedareba rom gavakeToT, onlainmecadineobis dros moswavlem Tavi unda igrZnos saWesTan da ara rogorc rigiTma mgzavrma. radgan vTanxmdebiT imaSi, rom rogorc onlainswavlebas, ise tradiciuls gaaCnia susti da Zlieri mxareebi, albaT Cven orive swavlebis Zlieri mxareebi unda gamoviyenoT. pandemiis pirobebSi, rodesac jer kidev meore talRis molodinSi varT, ar viciT, ras moimoqmedebs es ucnobi virusi da rogor ganviTardeba movlenebi, seqtembrisTvis swavlebis orive modelisTvis unda viyoT mzad.
– am bolos teleeTeridan mozardebs mudmivad negatiuri informaciis miReba uwevT. rogor davicvaT isini stresisgan?
– pandemiasTan dakavSirebuli viTarebis gamo, da ara marto mis gamo, televiziidan Tu sxva sainformacio saSualebebidan uamrav gaufiltrav da negatiur informacias iRebs rogorc bavSvi, ise mSobeli. nu miviRebT upirobod nebismieri wyaros mier mowodebul informacias da, miT umetes, bavSvis TandaswrebiT nu gamovxatavT uimedobas da SeSfoTebas. nu davkavdebiT mTeli dRe informaciis miRebiT. daaweseT limiti, magaliTad, dReSi orjer miiReT informacia romelime, sandod aRiarebuli wyarodan.
– gaizarda socialur qselebsa da internetTamaSebze damokidebuleba. ras urCevT mSoblebs?
– kvlevebiT mtkicdeba, rom Zaladobis Semcveli Sinaarsis xangrZlivi moxmareba iwvevs rogorc qcevis, ise kognitur da afeqtur cvlilebebs, rasac mivyavarT agresiulobis spontanur matebasTan. Zaladobis xSir gamoyenebas mivyavarT antisocialur ganwyobamde, empaTiis unaris daqveiTebamde da moraluri ganviTarebis dabal safexurze regresiamde. agresiaze agebuli filmebis da kompiuteruli TamaSebis moqmedi gmirebi Zaladobrivi formebiT icaven TavianT uflebebs, ise, rom ar aqceven yuradRebas sxvis saWiroebebs, ar TanaugrZnoben maT da Taviseburad gansazRvraven im wesebs, romliTac axdenen kargis da cudis gansxvavebas. aseT gmirebze dakvirveba da maTi warmateba iwvevs agresiis da Zaladobis ganmtkicebas. amitom didi mniSvneloba aqvs, ra TamaSebiT da ramden xans arian dakavebulebi mozardebi.
– dabolos, rogor mivxvdeT, rom mozards depresia aqvs, rodis CavrToT fsiqologi?
– klinikur depresiaSi igulisxmeba simptomTa jgufi, romelic guneba-ganwyobis, azrovnebis da qcevis aSlilobebs moicavs. es aSlilobebi iseTi intensivobT unda iyos gamoxatuli, rom pirovnuli an socialuri funqcionirebis gauareseba gamoiwvios. guneba-ganwyobis cvlileba, ZiriTadad, sevdiT da gaRizianebiT vlindeba, bavSvs sayvareli saqmis keTeba aRar aniWebs siamovnebas, uWirs yuradRebis koncentrireba, gadawyvetilebis miReba, gamoxatulia TviTkritikuloba, fizikurad naklebad aqtiurebi arian, rac xSirad SfoTviT da aJitirebiTaa gadafaruli. bavSvTa da mozardTa depresias Soris bevri msgavsebaa, Tumca, asakTan dakavSirebuli Taviseburebebidan gamomdinare, gansxvavebebic arsebobs. zogjer bavSvi uaryofs, rom sevdiania, Tumca CakiTxvisas ambobs, rom Cveulebrivze metad mowyenilia, daqveiTebuli aqvs TviTSefaseba, dadebiT Tvisebebze TiTqmis verafers gveubneba, yvela problemas sakuTar Tavs abralebs, aqvs gamouvalobis gancda, SeiZleba hqondes suiciduri azrebi, rac gansakuTrebiT yuradsaRebia. fizikuri cvlilebebi moicavs: energiis daqveiTebas, apaTias, advilad daRlas, motivaciis naklebobas. dakisrebuli movaleobis Seusruleblobam SeiZleba danaSaulis grZnoba gaaZlieros. mada izrdeba an qveiTdeba, Zilis ritmi darRveulia. xSirad uCivian muclis, Tavis tkivils, sakuTar garegnobaze naklebad zrunaven, SeiZleba gamovlindes TviTdazianebebi, ganmartovebisaken swrafva, akademiuri moswrebis ucabedi gauareseba. calkeuli simptomebi saerTo, safuZvliani Seswavlis gareSe depresiis diagnostirebisaTvis sakmarisad ver CaiTvleba, Tumca bavSvTan momuSave personalma am niSnebs aucileblad unda miaqcios yuradReba. nebismieri iseTi qcevis an emociis gamovlenas, romelsac mozardi manamde ar avlenda, aucilebelia mieqces yuradReba da saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi ecnobos kompetentur pirs, iqneba es pediatri, fsiqologi Tu fsiqiatri.
