რა სუსტი მხარეები აქვს ქართულ ტურიზმს ?
ირმა ცეცხლაძე: 27 48 93 –
ra viTarebaa dRes turizmSi, rogor unda gadalaxos qveyanam pandemiiT gamowveuli krizisi ekonomikaSi, am da sxva saWirboroto sakiTxebze gvesaubreba ekonomisti, SoTa rusTavelis universitetis turizmis fakultetis asocirebuli profesori paata Caganava.
– modiT, mimovixiloT, rogor aisaxa pandemia saqarTvelos ekonomikasa da, konkretulad, turizmze?
– es pandemia uCveulo movlena aRmoCnda zogadad, ekonomikuri sistemisTvis, anu ekonomikaSi araferi moxda, sxvagan, jandacvis sferoSi ifeTqa pandemiam, magram gaCerda msoflio ekonomikis sistemaSi moqmedi yvela piris saqmianoba. vinc awarmoebda produqcias, amas veRar axerxebs da vinc yidulobda, isic ver yidulobs im masStabiT, rogorc adre axerxebda. mokled, miwodeba da gasaReba gaCerda, yvelaferi gaiyina molodinis reJimSi _ rodis gadaivlis pandemia. cxadia, yvelaferma aman Seamcira ekonomikis zrdis tempebi, ukan daxia ekonomikuri urTierTobebi rogorc qveynis gareT, ise SigniT, ramac dauyovnebliv imoqmeda moqalaqeTa dasaqmebaze, gamomuSavebasa da inflaciaze.
– yvela samsaxuri ar gaCerebula . . .
– vinc moaxerxa sakuTari biznes-saqmianobis onlainreJimSi gadayvana, is gadarCa, magram vinc ver moaxerxa, radgan saqmianobis specifika ar aZlevda saSualebas, darCa yovelgvari Semosavlebis gareSe, ramac misi kompania krizisSi Caagdo da axla elodeba pandemiis dasasruls biznesis gasaaxleblad.
– am mxriv biznesis yvelaze susti rgoli mainc turizmi aRmoCnda.
– am sferoze moqmedebs yvelanairi krizisi, iseTic ki, romelmac SesaZloa, sxva saqmianobas mogebac ki moutanos. patara riskebic ki turizmis ganviTarebis Seferxebas iwvevs, magram arsebobs meore mxarec – Tuki odnav mainc iklo safrTxem, yvela maSinve iwyebs mogzaurobas, radgan es zis adamianis bunebaSi, mis moTxovnilebaSi. aqedan gamomdinare, SeiZleba davaskvnaT, rom turizmze swraf gavlenas axdens krizisi, magram aseve swrafad gamodis am krizisidan. TaviseburebiTaa turizmi cnobili.
– axla ra periodi udgas mas?
– Cvenma turizmma swrafad igrZno krizisis dadgoma, radgan pandemiam adamianebi saxlebsa da qveynebSi Caketa da mogzaurobebi Sewyda aviareisebis da sarkinigzo Tu samanqane mimosvlis SewyvetasTan erTad. SeiZleba iTqvas, pandemiis dasawyisSi turizmma Cvens qveyanaSi Zalian mZafrad ar ganicada krizisi, radgan am sferos piki zafxulSia, virusi ki Tebervlis bolos Semovida, magram msoflioSi aris kurortebi, sadac turistebi wlis ganmavlobaSi Cadian. iqauri sastumroebi, restoran-kafeebi da maTi personali, aRarafers vambob gasarTob, turistul centrebze, turoperatorebsa da samaklero ofisebze – saerTod gaCerda. CvenTanac aris msgavsi obieqtebi, romlebsac gansakuTrebiT gauWirda saqmianoba pandemiis fonze. cxadia, wamovida versiebi, rogor unda viswavloT virusTan Tanacxovreba, rac aitaces zemoT dasaxelebulma saqmosnebma da cdiloben jandacvis saministros da mTavrobis rekomendaciebiT marTon biznesebi.
– ramdenad gaamarTla xelisuflebis krizismenejmentma?
– am menejmentma marTlac gaamarTla, ris Sedegadac saerTaSoriso vera, magram Sida turizmi mainc gavxseniT. imis miuxedavad, rom mis Semonatans ver SevadarebT ucxoeli turistebis Semonatanebs, mainc gamosavalia aq dasaqmebulTaTvis.
– mainc ra gansxvavebaa ucxoel da qarTvel turistebs Soris, principSi kafe-barebsa da maRaziebSi orive erTnairad ixdis fuls.
– Zalian didi gansxvavebaa. ucxoeli 1800-1000 lars xarjavs erTi vizitis dros, xolo Sida mogzauri _ am Tanxis mesameds, mexuTedsac ki. SesaZloa, Sida mogzaurTa raodenoba gacilebiT meti iyos, magram saerTaSoriso turizmis efeqti ekonomikaze bevrad metia, vidre adgilobrivis. aqedan gamomdinare, danakargic meti gveqneba.
– amis miuxedavad, mTavroba dadebiT momentebsac eZebs pandemiaSi da acxadebs, rom SesaZloa, bevrad Zlieri gamovides Cveni qveyana am situaciidan, vidre manamde iyo.
– es momentebi cnobilia, magram amas minda davamato Cemeuli daskvnebi, rasac SesaZloa jer yuradRebas ar vaqcevT, magram samomavlod, marTlac, dadebiT Sedegs moitans Cveni turizmis kidev ufro swrafad ganviTarebisTvis. upirveles yovlisa, gavixsenoT is adamianebi, romlebsac TavianTi ekonomikuri da finansuri SesaZleblobebi saSualebas aZlevda, sazRvargareTis kurortebze daesvenaT. es xalxi axla Caketili aRmoCnda saqarTveloSi, isvenebs adgilobriv kurortebze da xarjavs im fuls sakuTar qveyanaSi. am SemTxvevaSi, fulze aqcents ar gavakeTeb, radgan mTavari es ar aris. ufro sayuradReboa, rom isini miCveuli arian momsaxurebis maRal standarts saerTaSoriso, maRali rangis sastumroebsa da restoran-kafeebSi. aravisTvis axali ar aris, Tundac baTumSi raoden moikoWlebs servisis xarisxi da ramdenad ukmayofilo rCebian amis gamo turistebi. darwmunebuli var, analogiuri suraTi gvaqvs am sferoSi saqarTvelos sxva kurortebzec. mdidari qarTveli turistebi, romlebic sazRvargareT miCveulni arian maRali klasis momsaxurebas, saqarTveloSi ki ver Rebuloben amas, miuxedavad imisa, rom did Tanxebs ixdian, warmogidgeniaT, ra doneze daayeneben sakiTxs da pasuxs mosTxoven im obieqtebis mflobelebs, sadac msgavsi ram xdeba.
– mere dasruldeba pandemia, mdidari xalxi isev saerTaSoriso kurortebs miawydeba da Cven kvlav dabali xarisxis turistuli momsaxureba SegvrCeba.
– xumrobiT vityvi, kidev erTi weli rom gagrZeldes pandemia, Cveni qveynis turistuli seqtori ise gamoiwvrTneba da iseT maRal klasamde ava Tavisdauneburad, rom Semdeg Tamamad moviwvevT maRali rangis milioner turistebs da Cvenebic dasvenebis romeliRac periods samSobloSi, SeCveul kurortebze gaatareben, anu es iqneba didi gamocdileba, Tu gnebavT, treningi daarqviT turizmis seqtorSi dasaqmebulTaTvis. isini mieCvevian maRali standartiT momsaxurebas, radgan amaze ukve gaCnda moTxovna. Tuki aseTi momxmareblebi gveyoleba SigniT, Cvens mewarmeebs miecemaT swrafi zrdis saSualebac da motivaciac. es aris erT-erTi didi faseuloba, SenaZeni Cveni turizmisTvis, radgan Semdeg, rodesac sazRvrebi gaixsneba, mzad viqnebiT maRali gadamxdelunariani turistebis misaRebad, imitom rom miveCvieT maRali standartis servisis miwodebas SigniT. es meqanizmi saerTaSoriso turizmis konkurenciis erT-erTi qmediTi elementia.
– pandemiis kidev ra dadebiTi SedegiT SeiZleba davimSvidoT Tavi?
– meore isaa, rom sakuTar qveyanaSi mogzauroba daviwyeT da iseTi adgilebi aRmovaCineT, romlebsac adre RirsSesaniSnaobad arc ki vTvlidiT. gavimeoreb, rom finansurad gvazarala saerTaSoriso turizmis gaCerebam, magram Sida turizmsac aqvs dadebiTi mxareebi da am etapze swored amas unda mieqces yuradReba.
– rogor unda Seuwyos saxelmwifom xeli adgilobrivi warmoebis ganviTarebas, romelic bevr SemTxvevaSi Sida bazarzec ki ver uwevs importirebul produqcias konkurencias?
– amisTvis arsebobs ukve aprobirebuli meTodebi. magaliTad importis mosakreblis gazrda, importis akrZalva, adgilobrivi produqciis subsidireba da a.S. magram Cvens SemTxvevaSi, eg rTuli procesia, radgan Tanamedrove sawarmoebis teqnologiebi, rogorc wesi, iseTia, did bazrebze unda hyidde Sens produqcias, rom misi erTeuli iafi dagijdes, riTac konkurentunariani iqneba. amitom, bevri tipis produqtebisTvis saqarTvelos bazari ver gveyofa, anu Seni warmoeba efeqturi unda iyos, rom SeZlos importCamnacvlebelic gaxdes da produqcia eqsportzec gauSvas. amitom aris rTuli es sistema qveynisTvis, romelic jer mxolod ganviTarebis sawyis etapzea, Tavi Sehyos ukve ganviTarebuli saxelmwifoebis siaSi, sadac didi kompaniebia, romelTac produqciis masobrivi warmoeba aTvisebuli aqvT, bazrebi ki dakavebuli. es ar aris pandemiis mier motanili, ukve karga xnis problemaa.
– magram am fonze kidev ufro mZafrad gamoCnda Cveni ekonomikis SezRuduli mdgomareoba . . .
– sxvaTa Soris, am gaWirvebam adamianebi soflisken miabruna. esec SeiZleba pandemiis dadebiT mxared miviCnioT. aq ukve mTavrobac unda CaerTos, raTa maT agroteqnika da dasaTes-dasargavi masala miawodos, gadamamuSavebeli sawarmoebic mTeli datvirTviT aamuSaos. soflis meurneobis saministro, rogorc vici, axorcielebs kidec msgavs programebs. axali teqnologiebis CarTva ki mosaxleobas muSaobis met stimuls miscems da dadebiTi Sedegebis miRebis SemTxvevaSi, es mimarTuleba ar iqneba mxolod erTjeradi aqcia. aseve dRis wesrigSi dadga sakuTari, TviTkmari sasursaTo usafrTxoeba. kargi iqneba, finansuri mxardaWeris garda, xelisuflebam axali teqnologiebi miawodos qveyanaSi Caketil mewarmeebs, romlebic cdiloben efeqtianebi gaxdnen. esec gvaZlevs imis imeds, rom rodesac bolomde gaixsneba ekonomikuri urTierTobebi, Cveni biznesi SeZlebs ukve daxvewili produqciis eqsportze gatanas.
– premieris gancxadebiT, am dReebSi mTavroba warmogvidgens turistuli biznesis daxmarebis axal pakets, romelic gulisxmobs procentis Tanadafinansebas saxelmwifos mxridan kidev 6 TviT, ramdenad aucilebelia es nabiji amJamad?
– Tu gaxsovT, mTavroba dahpirda turizmSi dasaqmebulebs, rom saerTaSoriso turizmi yvela SemTxvevaSi aRdgeboda da Cveni qveyana, saTanado rekomendaciebis dacviT SeZlebda ucxoelebis miRebas pandemiis pirobebSic ki. cxadia, Cveni qveyana moemzada, magram sazRvargareT imdenad savalalo mdgomareobaSi aRmoCndnen, rom ver gabedes turistebis gamoSveba. ase iqneba, sanam Cvens partnior qveynebSi pandemias ar moTokaven. es daxmarebebis paketic gaTvaliswinebulia imaTTvis, vinc am periodSi gadawyvita, saTanadod Sexvedroda ucxoelebs da izarala.
– mainc raSia msoflio turizmisTvis gamosavali pandemiis pirobebSi, Tuki virusi ver davamarcxeT, gamodis es sfero unda ganuldes?
– es marTlac rTuli sakiTxia. epidemiologebs Tu davujerebT, talRebi aRar iqneba, magram virusi iarsebebs da masTan Segueba, Tanacxovreba mogviwevs. epidemiologebis varaudiT, wlis bolomde aranairi siaxle ar iqneba, zogierTi eqsperti ki am problemebis arsebobis sulac 3-4 wels prognozirebs. saxlSi Caketvac ar aris gamosavali, albaT rekomendaciebis gaTvaliswinebiT, mogzaurobebi mainc aRdgeba da gaixsneba mwvane koridori, Tu wels ara, gaisad mainc, radgan adamianis moTxovnilebas, imogzauros yvelaze xifaTian da riskisSemcvel periodebSic ki, win veraferi aRudgeba. Semdeg ki, imedia, an efeqtur mkurnalobas daadgenen, an vaqcinas gamoigoneben, an Cveni imuniteti gaimarjvebs.
– am ganxilvis kvaldakval gviCndeba kiTxva, ramdenad sworia, turizmze iyos damokidebuli qveynis ekonomikis ganviTareba?
– ara, erTmniSvnelovnad – ara. es weria Cveni pirveli kursis saxelmZRvaneloSi. turizmi erT-erTi dargia. am dargze qveynis Camokideba niSnavs, rom nebismier kritikul situaciaSi ifeTqebs umuSevroba, gaCerdeba biznesi da damZimdeba socialuri foni. Cveni qveyana arc aris damokidebuli turizmze. mTliani Sida produqtis mxolod 8-9% Seadgens am sferos. SedarebiT siwynarec amitom gvaqvs. mravalferovani dargebis gamo ar Cavarda Cveni ekonomika kolafsSi. cxadia, sTanadod rom gvqondes ganviTarebuli mrewveloba da maRalteqnologiuri warmoeba, maSin kidev ufro iolad gadavitandiT pandemiis gamo dawesebul SezRudvebs.
– zemoT CamoTvlilis garda kidev ra susti mxareebi aqvs qarTul turizms?
– sezonuroba, rac yvelaze problematuria rogorc baTumisTvis, ise mTeli aWaris zRvispira zolisTvis. mxolod zRvis sezonze Camodian turistebi, Semdeg ki TiTqmis ver muSaobs verc didi sastumroebi da verc kerZo seqtori, amitom, unda CavanacvloT sxvagvari turizmiT. magaliTad, edinburgi awarmoebs sxavadsxva tipis turistul produqtebs da izidavs mogzaurebs. es qalaqi cnobilia mwerlebiT da poetebiT, TeatriT da a.S. anu mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi am qalaqSi raRac xdeba. baTumic SeiZleba gaxdes festivalebis qalaqi da a.S. unda movifiqroT konkretuli RonisZieba, romelic daainteresebs saerTaSoriso turists. kargi iqneboda balneologiuri turizmis da mineraluri wylebis amoqmedebac, romlebic qveynis masStabiT 400-mdea, aqedan 15 – aWaraSi. maT Soris aris rogorc sasmeli mineraluri, ise gogirdovan-Termuli wylebi (maxinjaurSi). aqamde arcerTi ar aris gamoyenebuli miznobrivad. mxolod `kokotaurs~ asxamen. es yvelaferi rom avamoqmedoT – mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi gveyoleba turistebi, magram amis gakeTeba SeuZlebelia saTanado kvlevis gareSe. mTavrobam unda uzrunvelyos Seswavlis procesi, radgan aramizanmimarTulad gamoyenebuli mineralebi SesaZloa, sazianoc gamodges adamianisTvis. faqtia, rogorc ki dasruldeba pandemia, ufro metad daiwyeba zrunva sakuTar janmrTelobaze da meti gamavloba eqneba Cvens mineralur wylebsa da balneologiur kurortebs.

