მოახდენს თუ არა გავლენას ნამახვანჰესის მშენებლობა ზუთხისებრთა პოპულაციებზე?
õïüòï òïøâòäò 555 18 48 88 –
meTevzeobisa da Savi zRvis monitoringis departamentis yofili ufrosi arCil guCmaniZe erT-erTi televiziis eTerSi gasul gadacemas gamoexmaura, sadac ganxiluli iyo namaxvanis hidroelqtrosadguris problemuri sakiTxebi. teleeTerSi garemos dacvisa da soflis meurneobis saministros warmomadgenelma gaaJRera mosazreba, TiTqos am hess araviTari gavlenis moxdena ar SeuZlia zuTxisebrTa populaciebze, radgan zuTxisebrni uSualod am hesis mSeneblobis arealSi ar gvxvdebian xelovnuri barierebis (varcixehesi, gumaTihesi) arsebobis gamo. batoni arCilis TqmiT, aRniSnuli msjeloba araswori, zedapiruli da Zalze arakompetenturia.
– istoriulad zuTxisebrni evropaSi da ponto-kaspiis zRvebis auzSi 50-mde mdinareSi tofobdnen, maT Soris, Savi zRvis auzis 10-mde mdinareSi – saqarTvelos 3 mdinareSi (rioni, cxeniswyali da enguri). dReisaTvis evropasa da ponto-kaspiis auzSi zuTxisebrTa bunebrivi tofoba mxolod 5 mdinareSiRa fiqsirdeba, maTgan erT-erTia rioni. zuTxisebrTa reproduqciuli ciklidan srulad amovarda evropis – 45, Savi zRvis – 8 da saqarTvelos 2 mdinare, mizezebi ki mdinareTa daregulireba (kaSxlebi da dambebi, sanavigacio miznebisTvis regulireba), dabinZureba da aralegaluri TevzWeraa, – ambobs arCil guCmaniZe.
aRsaniSnavia, rom arCil guCmaniZe 2005 wlidan awarmoebs zuTxisebri Tevzebis kvlevas da muSaobs maT problematikaze. 2013 wels daicva sadoqtoro disertacia saqarTvelos zuTxisebr Tevzebze, aqvs gamoqveynebuli araerTi naSromi am sakiTxze, aqedan gamomdinare, rogorc Tavad ambobs, imaze, rac satelevizio eTerSi moismina, ar SeuZlia dadumdes.
– rioni warmoadgens zuTxisebrTa gadaSenebis kritikuli safrTxis qveS myofi 6 saxeobis tofobis adgils. sul, globalurad, zuTxisebrTa 28 saxeobaa aRiarebuli, Sesabamisad, rionSi gvxvdeba globalurad aRiarebuli zuTxisebrTa saxeobebis daaxloebiT 22 procenti. Aamdenad, am mdinaris mniSvneloba scdeba lokalur an regionul biokonservaciul Rirebulebas da yovelgvari gadametebis gareSe SesaZlebelia iTqvas, rom rioni mniSvnelovan globalur rols TamaSobs zuTxisebrTa saxeobebis SenarCunebaSi, – ambob arCil guCmaniZe. misive TqmiT, 1953-1987 wlebSi hidroeleqtrosadgurebis mSeneblobis Sedegad mTlianad ganadgurda cxeniswylisa da enguris satofoebi da nadgurdeba rionis satofoTa umetesi nawili. dReisaTvis rionis satofoTa 57 kilometri sigrZis mqone monakveTidan SemorCa mxolod mdinaris 9 km-ian monakveTze arsebuli satofoebi anu daaxloebiT 16 procenti. misive axsniT, farTobis mxriv, rionis satofoTa 200 heqtaridan SemorCenilia maqsimum 30 heqtari, anu 15 procenti.
– daregulirebis Sedegad mTlianadaa ganadgurebuli enguris 35 km da cxeniswylis 32 km sigrZis satofo ubnebi. dReisaTvis zuTxisebrTa satofo ubani mdinare rionSi lokalizebulia mxolod 9-kilometrian monakveTSi (Segnebulad ar vasaxeleb zust adgilmdebareobas brakonierebisTvis), da varcixis kasakaduri hidroeleqtrosadguris qveviT mdebareobs. mxolod mocemul ubanze jer kidev SemorCenilia zuTxisebrTa tofobisTvis ganmsazRvreli garemo faqtorebi: dinebis siCqare – medialsa da ripalSi, siRrme – medialsa da ripalSi, fskeruli danaleqebis saxe, Semadgenloba da granulometria, ,,sveli~ kalapotis sigane, daxriloba, akumulaciuri xasiaTis kunZulebis (e.w. Wyonebi) arseboba da a.S. zuTxisebrTa tofobis periodSi (ZiriTadad april-ivnisi) am faqtorebis mciredi gadaxrac ki gamoiwvevs misi Rirebulebis daqveiTeba-dakargvas, rac globaluri Rirebulebis mqone unikaluri habitatis dakargvis tolfasia, Tanmdevi negatiuri gamovlinebebiT, isedac gadaSenebis kritikul zRvarze myofi zuTxisebrTa populaciebis bio-konservaciul statusze. zuTxisebri Tevzebis satofoTa zemoT masiuri wyalsacavis mowyoba Secvlis mdinaris hidrologiur reJims da myari natanis transportirebis struqturas qvemo biefSi, rasac eqneba gavlena satofo habitatebze, tofobis processa da saxeobaTa reproduqciaze. Aaucilebelia, ganisazRvros ramdenad didi, kritikuli iqneba es gavlena da ra unda gakeTdes konkretulad am gavlenis minimizirebis mizniT,’- aRniSnavs arCil guCmaniZe.
meTevzeobisa da Savi zRvis monitoringis departamentis yofili ufrosis TqmiT, mis mier 2006-2017 wlebSi ganxorcielebuli sxvadasxva kvlevis Sedegad, mdinare rionis auzSi, istoriuli monacemebis gaTvaliswinebiT fiqsirdeba Tevzebis 72 saxeoba/qvesaxeoba, romlebic ganekuTvnebian 27 ojaxs. aRniSnuli 72 saxeobidan – 14 saxeoba zRvidan SemTxveviT aRwevs mdinaris SesarTavSi, anu mdinare rionis ZiriTadi iqTiofauna SesaZlebelia ganisazRvros 58 saxeobiT, rac saqarTvelos Sida wyalsatevebSi gavrcelebuli Tevzebis saxeobrivi mravalferovnebis daaxloebiT 2/3 -ia, maTgan 7 saxeoba anadromuli, 5 saxeoba – katadromuli, 10 saxeoba – semianadromuli da 36 saxeoba ki rezidentuli da potamodromulia. auzSi gavrcelebulia 12 kolxuri da kolxur-Crdiloanatoluri endemuri saxeoba, aseve, auzSi gvxvdeba kavkasiuri, Savi zRvis endemebis da ponto-kaspiuri reliqtebis araerTi saxeoba. auzSi warmodgenilia 5 introducirebuli da 1 invazirebuli forma. aqve gvxdeba saqarTvelos wiTel nusxaSi Setanili Tevzebis (14 forma) absuluturad yvela saxeoba.
