ამ ეტაპზე სურსათის დეფიციტის საშიშროება არ არსებობს
მარიამ ხითარიშვილი: 27 48 93 –
evropaSi gaCaRebuli omis kvaldakval, ukve SeiCneva sursaTze fasis uprecedento zrdis procesi. am etapze didi mniSvneloba eniWeba Sida bazris sakuTari produqciiT uzrunvelyofas, radgan aravin icis, ra gvelodeba. cxadia, gansakuTrebul yuradRebas iTxovs sagazafxulo samuSaoebi, romelic soflad iwyeba.
ra keTdeba am mimarTulebiT, amaze gvesaubreba avtonomiuri respublikis soflis meurneobis saministros agraruli ganviTarebis departamentis ufrosi levan bolqvaZe.
– ra programebs axorcielebs soflis meurneobis saministro sagazafxulo samuSaoebTan dakavSirebiT?
– 2022 wlisTvis calke departamenti axorcielebs soflis mxardamWer programebs, romlis mizani saojaxo meurneobebis ganviTarebaa. fermerTa saWiroebebidan gamomdinare, viRebT ganacxadebs, romlebsac amuSavebs specialuri komisia. rogorc ki gamovlindebian gamarjvebuli beneficiarebi, vawvdiT programiT gaTvaliswinebul Tanadafinansebas da servisebs. xdeba nergebis Tu teqnikuri saSualebis Sesyidva da sxva. rac Seexeba sagazafxulo samuSaoebs, xuTive municipalitetSi Seqmnilia saministros eqstenciis samsaxurebi, romlebsac, agrovadebis gaTvaliswinebiT, SemuSavebuli da gawerili aqvT yovelTviuri gegmebi, wlis romel periodSi ra samuSaoebi unda Catardes. amisaTvis eqstencionistebi soflad gadian dainteresebul fermerebTan, samizne jgufebTan da uweven eqstenciur momsaxurebas, vgulisxmob treningebs da swavlebas. uxsnian miwis damuSavebas, xe-mcenareebis Sewamvlas, erTwlian kulturebSi saCiTileebis mowyobas, Tesvas da sxva. es Tema Zalian didia, Tu detalurad mivyvebiT, TiToeuli komponenti rig RonisZiebebs moicavs, romlis axsnisTvis sagazeTo werili ar gveyofa.
– batono levan, Tu SeiZleba, mimdinare periodSi gasaTvaliswinebel ZiriTad momentebze gavakeToT aqcenti.
– maSin daviwyeb martis pirveli ricxvebidan, ra saxis RonisZiebebi unda gaataron am dargis specialistebma Tu dainteresebulma pirebma. erTwliani kulturebisTvis unda movamzadoT saCiTile daxuruli kval-saTburebi, sadac daiTeseba bostneulis (kitri, pomidori, salaTa) Teslebi, rom miiRon CiTilebi misi SemdgomSi bostanSi gadargvisTvis. es yvela meurnem icis.
– Tesli sad unda SeviZinoT? supermarketebSic iyideba . . .
– ara, umjobesia, aprobirebul, licenzirebul sasoflo-sameurneo produqciis sarealizacio maRaziebsa da obieqtebSi mixvideT, radgan dagakvalianeben, ra da rogor unda gaakeToT. cxadia, vgulisxmob am sakiTxSi gaurkvevel, damwyeb meurneebs.
– rac Seexeba mravalwlian kulturebs . . .
– rogorc mecitruseobis zonis mcxovreblebs da fermerebs, aseve kontinentaluri vazis da xexilis kulturebis mebaReebs (mxedvelobaSi maqvs qeda, Suaxevi da xulo – mTis zona), pirveli martidan ki ara, manamde unda CaetarebinaT pirveli wamlobiTi RonisZieba mcenareTa dacvis mizniT, anu unda SeewamlaT mcenare mosvenebis fazaSi. am RonisZiebas Zalian didi mniSvneloba aqvs Semdgom savegetacio periodSi, rodesac xdeba yvaviloba, dakvirteba, ylortebis gaxsna, mwvaned SefoTvla. wina wlis narCen sokoebs da xeebze gamozamTrebul mavneblebs, romlebic siTbosa da tenis dadgomisTanave mococxldebian da anadgureben axal kvirts Tu yvavils, sxva araferi Svelis, mcenaris mosvenebiT fazaSi wamlobis garda.
– riTi unda Seiwamlos xe-mcenare am dros?
– aris sxvadasxva qimiuri saSualeba, romelic am dros unda movixmaroT ormagi, sammagi doziT, ama Tu im kulturis Taviseburebebis gaTvaliswinebiT. dozirebas da wamals SegirCeven specialuri Sxam-qimikatebis sarealizacio maRaziebis konsultantebi. amave dros, unda SevaTeTroT Stambebi. am process mxolod esTetikuri datvirTva ar aqvs. mravalwlian mcenareebze, gansakuTrebiT CvenTan arsebuli tenis pirobebSi, xavsebi da mRierebi merqanze saxldebian, rac, cxadia, azianebs mcenares.
– ramdenad mavnea es organizmebi da riTi SevReboT Stambebi, umetesoba xom kirs iyenebs?
– xavsmRierebi (liqenebi) sokosgan da wyalmcenareebisgan Semdgari organizmebia. isini mTeli zedapiriT aqtiurad iTviseben mcenarisgan wyalsa da masSi gaxsnil nivTierebebs, ketaven kanis sasunTq ujredebs da xels uSlian mcenaris Siga qsovilSi haeris miwodebas, riTac mcenares uspoben normaluri ganviTarebis SesaZleblobas. garda amisa, masSi izrdeba da Tavs afarebs sxvadasxva mavnebeli. xavsmRierebi, TandaTanobiT iwveven mcenaris dakninebasa da saboloo kvdomas. aRsaniSnavia, rom liqenebi advilad itanen xangrZliv da Zlier gamoSrobas da saTanado pirobebis Seqmnisas isev cocxldebian. xavsebsa da mRierebTan sabrZolvelad efeqturia `rkinis ZaRa~, romelic sxvadasxva dros SemoaqvT didi qalaqebis maRaziebSi. momwvano-molurjo feris marilis kristalebia, Sabiamans Camohgavs, magram ufro lurjia. is unda gavxsnaT Caumqral kirTan erTad wyalSi, saTanado dozirebiT da unda SevReboT xis merqani, sadamdec miwvdeba adamianis xeli. xavsmRierebis mocilebis garda, es nazavi sxva funqciasac asrulebs. mogexsenebaT, martis amindebi: xan daTbeba, xan yinavs. temperaturuli cvlilebebis gamo, mcenares, vTqvaT, dRisiT, aRmosavleTis mxridan mzis intensiuri naTeba aqvs, am dros merqnis kanSi iwyeba wvenTa moZraoba. SeTeTrebuli Stambi ki swrafad ver Tbeba. Tuki ver SevaTeTreT da wvenTa moZraoba araswori agrovadiT daiwyeba, siciveebis SemTxvevaSi xis nawili gaiyineba da merqans daxeTqavs. fermerebi am movlenas xSirad mavneblebiT xsnian, arada, rigiTi fiziologiuri movlenaa. SemiZlia ufro martivad avxsna. macivris sayinuleSi wyliT savse SuSis boTli rom SevdgaT, xom gaxeTqavs boTls? ai, es principia xe-mcenaris SemTxvevaSic.
– kidev risi gakeTeba SeiZleba xis adre ayvavebis Tavidan asacileblad?
– agrowesebiT daSvebulia, daTbobis dros civi wyliT im mdelos morwyva, sadac baRia gaSenebuli, rom droze adre ar gaiRviZos mcenarem. bolo wlebis monacemebiT davadgineT, rom martis bolos, aprilis 20-25 ricxvamde, arsebobs sagazafxulo yinvebis safrTxe. profesionalebi am movlenas icnoben inversiuli wayinvebis saxelwodebiT, romlis Sedegad, mcenare, romelmac daiwyo wvenTa moZraoba da emzadeba ylortis gaSlisTvis, gayinvis SemTxvevaSi ziandeba: xdeba moyinva, awva, arujva . . . xSirad, rodesac mosavals kargi piri uCans, wayinvebis gamo, SesaZloa, nayofis 15-20% ganadgurdes, Semosavali davkargoT. fermeri rogorc mcenares, ise bunebas erTdroulad unda akvirdebodes. yvelam icis, rom dablobSi am dros yvavis tyemali, romelsac martis an aprilis yinvebi momuWavs, mowvavs da mere amboben, tyemals ar esxao.
– Tu asea, ratom ar rwyaven tyemals gazafxulze?
– me aq vsaubrob meurneobebze, fermerTa baRebze, visac finansuri gaTvlebi aqvs, maT mowyobilic aqvT sarwyavi arxebi da sistemebi, romelTa amuSavebac SesaZlebelia swrafad da mobilurad. rac Seexeba calkeul xes, misi gadarCena SesaZlebelia im SekirviT, razec zemoT visaubreT. adre kargi meurne ezoSi, CrdilSi SemorCenil Tovls miitanda xis ZirebSi, male ar gaTbes miwa da xeSi wvenma moZraoba ar daiwyoso. es yvelaferi warsuls Cabarda, Tumca axlac viyenebT Cveni mama-papis codnas, romelic ukeT gamogvadgeba uaxles teqnologiebTan da mecnierul midgomebTan erTad.
– rac Seexeba miwaTmoqmedebas . . .
– miwis damuSaveba jer adrea, magram Tu mravalwliani kulturis gaSenebisTvis sWirdebaT, niadagis Rrmad damuSavebaa saWiro. Tu miwa ar aris iseTi teniani, rom atalaxdes, niadagis winswrebiT damuSaveba ukeTes Sedegs iZleva. aprilis bolos – maisis dasawyisSi esa Tu is mravalwliani kultura rom gaaSeno, niadagis kvali, minimum 50-60 santimetr siRrmeze unda gavides. aq igulisxmeba citrusis, venaxis an xexilis baRebis gaSeneba. cxadia, yvela kulturas Tavisi individualuri midgoma sWirdeba. aqedan gamomdinare, vinc mogvmarTavs, yvelas vexmarebiT konsultaciiT da vuxsniT, ra, rodis da rogor gaakeTos.
– mzad aris Tu ara sanerge meurneobebi produqciis gasacemad da moqmedebs Tu ara nergebis ufasod gadacemis programa?
– ara, ufasod nergebs ver gavcemT, radgan am procesma ver gamoiRo dadebiTi efeqti. aqve aRvniSnav, rom saqarTvelos masStabiT funqcionirebs 62 aRiarebuli, msxvili sanerge meurneoba, romelTa dasaxeleba devs `danerge momavlis~ proeqtis veb-gverdze. Tavis mxriv, am sanergeebs aqvT im vazis, xexilis, kenkrovnebis CamonaTvali, rasac awarmoeben. iq aris mocemuli kontaqtebic da aRmosavleT saqarTvelodan dasavleT saqarTvelos CaTvliT SeZlebT nebismierTan daamyaroT urTierToba. cxadia, dainteresebul pirebs saSualeba eZlevaT, daukavSirdnen am sanergeebis xelmZRvanelebs, gaakeTon ganacxadi, invoisi warmoadginon saministroSi da CaerTon CvenTan moqmed saojaxo meurneobebis ganviTarebis programaSi, romlis farglebSic SevZlebT mivceT 70-30%-ze an 80-20%-ze Tanadafinanseba.
– aqedan romelia fermeris wili?
– mcire wili fermerisaa, xolo mets Cveni biujeti gadauxdis, ase rom, saxelmwifo mxolod am pirobiT exmareba meurnes. sul ufasod gacemam ar gamoiRo sasurveli Sedegi.
– citrusis nergebis SeZena sad SeiZleba?
– citrusi sxva Temaa, ufro Cvens regionSia, amisTvis agroserviscentrs, Caqvis sanerge meurneobas unda mimarToT. wina wlis nergebi ukve gaica mosaxleobaSi. gasul wels arsebuli namyeni, romelic kondicias miaRwevs, mimdinare wlis Semodgomaze gava sarealizaciod. es isedac mcirefasian nergebad aris miCneuli, Tanadafinanseba ar sWirdeba imitom, rom saqarTvelos sxva regionebSi, sadac Cveni programa moqmedebs, nergi Rirs 6-7-10 lari, imitom vaZlevT dafinansebas, xolo citrusis nergi sami lari Rirs. ase rom, yvela fermers yovelgvari programis gareSe SeuZlia, arsebuli masStabebis safuZvelze, mivides da adgilze SeiZinos rac sWirdeba.
– gamodis, axla citrusis nergebs ver SeviZenT.
– rogorc vici, wina Semodgomaze citrusis nergebi sul daiyida. axali Semodgomaze iqneba, visac surs, agroserviscentrs mimarTavs, Caewereba rigSi da miiRebs im raodenobis da saxeobis nergs, ramdenic sWirdeba.
– ukraina-ruseTis omis kvaldakval, Cndeba produqciis deficitis gaCenis SiSi. ramdenadaa mzad agroseqtori Sida bazris produqtiT mosamarageblad?
– produqciis maragebis saSiSroeba CvenTan am etapze ar dgas gamomdinare iqidan, rom SarSan, SarSanwin, pandemiis gamo, gakeTda saTanado maragi. amisTvis kompaniebma Tavis droze daiWires Tadarigi. ZiriTadi sasursaTo produqcia: puri, xorbali, brinji, wiwibura, makaronis nawarmi, mzesumziris zeTi da a.S. ganTavsda sarealizacio obieqtebSi. ase rom, mocemul momentSi, amis saSiSroeba ar gvaqvs. uflis wyalobiT, omi male dasruldeba da aRar iqneba msgavsi problemebi arsad.
– pandemiis periodSi wamoiwyes ufaso xvna-Tesvis programa, romelmac sakmaod didi Sedegi gamoiRo. wels Tu apirebT analogiuris ganxorcielebas?
– programis ganxorcieleba welsac aris dagegmili. 1500-dan 2000 heqtramde mZime teqnikiT dasamuSavebel miwis farTobebs sruliad usasyidlod davumuSavebT fermerul meurneobebs. ukve mobilizebulia saTanado teqnika da sxva, am procesisTvis saWiro atributebi. rogorc ki daiwyeba xvnis sezoni, aWaris dablobSic da mTaSic es operaciebi ganxorcieldeba.
– rogori mdgomareobaa mefrinveleoba-mecxoveleobis kuTxiT?
– am bolo dros, mefrinveleoba-mecxoveleobis mimarTuleba kargadaa ganviTarebuli. gansakuTrebiT gaaqtiurdnen xorcsa da kvercxze fasis matebis gamo. mogexsenebaT, fasTa warmoqmnas bazari aregulirebs da sadac aris moTxovna, iq warmoiqmneba miwodebis obieqtebic. gansakuTrebiT gamoirCeva mecxoveleobis fermebi maRalmTian aWaraSi, sadac ialaRebia da pirutyvis gamokveba nakleb danaxarjs iTxovs. aqve aRvniSnav, rom saministro axorcielebs Tanadafinansebis programas specializebul sasaklaoebze dakvlis procedurebis gamartivebisTvis. Sedegad, ukve gamoCnda seriozuli kerZo fermebi, sadac TiToeul fermers hyavs minimum – 15, umetesobas ki 30-40 suli pirutyvi, rogorc mewveli, ise mexorculi mimarTulebis. Tamamad SeiZleba iTqvas, rZis produqtebis da xorcis realizaciis problema ar arsebobs, rac xels uwyobs aWaraSi mesaqonleobis swrafi tempebiT ganviTarebas.
