რა როლს ასრულებს პოლიტიკური იდეოლოგიები არჩევნებისა და, ზოგადად, ქვეყნის განვითარებაში?
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Zlieri, Semdgari qveynis safuZveli da garanti rom demokratiuli, swori mmarTvelobaa, es aqsiomaa. aqsiomaa isic, rom es arCevnebis gziT miiRweva, xolo arCevnebis Catarebas, upirvelesad, misi ideologiuri uzrunvelyofa ganapirobebs. aAmdenad, qveynis politikuri ideologiebi am procesSi mTavar rols asrulebs da mniSvnelovania arCevnebSi monawile partiebis ara marto ideologiuri Sexedulebebisa da samoqmedo wesebis saTanadod damuSaveba, maTi srulyofa da qmediToba, aramed am Zlieri politikuri arsenalis gacnoba farTo sazogadoebisTvis, axalgazrdebisTvis. am aqtualur sakiTxebze saubrisTvis sajaro mmarTvelobis doqtors, bsu-is leqtor giga fartenaZes mivmarTeT.
– Tqvenma sajaro leqciam Temaze: `politikuri ideologiebi da arCevnebi~ ra kuTxiT daainteresa msmeneli?
– Cveni interviu minda daviwyo gansakuTrebuli madlobiT im studentebisadmi, romlebmac aRniSnuli Sexvedris survili gamoTqves, agreTve vemadlierebi yvela monawiles, isini TavianTi gadatvirTuli studenturi grafikis miuxedavad, interaqtiulad iyvnen CarTulebi Cvens sajaro leqciaSi. rogorc mogexsenebaT, politikuri ideologiebi gansazRvravs politikur partiaTa moqmedebis erTgvar saxelmZRvanelos da Sesabamisad, axalgazrdebis interesic swored mmarTvelobis procesSi politikuri partiebis mier gamoqveynebuli ideologiuri sakiTxebis realizebas Seexeboda. ZiriTadad, ainteresebdaT msoflio praqtikaSi yvelaze gavrcelebuli politikuri ideologiis praqtikuli magaliTebi. Cveni Sexvedris mizani iyo, zustad, konkretulad da gasagebad, ufro martivad gvesaubra am rTul sakiTxze. vecade, martivi eniT gadmomeca msmenelTaTvis.
– ZiriTadad, ra Temebze gaamaxvileT yuradReba da ra aspeqtebi gamoyaviT?
– Cveni Sexvedris ZiriTadi mimarTuleba gaxldaT politikuri ideologia – memarjveneoba da politikuri ideologia – memarcxeneoba, maTi definiciebi, moqmedebis arealebi, gavlena ekonomikaze, adamianis uflebebze, kerZod, sakuTrebis uflebis flobis xarisxebsa da realizebaze, zogadad, xelisuflebaSi myofi partiebis mmarTvelobis formaze, maTi politikuri ideologiuri kuTvnilebis mixedviT.
– gasabWoebis Semdeg saqarTveloSi pirveli demokratiuli arCevnebi 1990 wlis 28 oqtombers gaimarTa da amdenad, sayuradReboa saarCevno maraTonSi CarTuli partiebis politikuri ideologiebis damaxasiaTebeli niSnebi…
– obieqturobisTvis unda iTqvas, rom sabWoTa kavSiris daSlisa da saqarTvelos damoukideblobis aRdgenis Semdeg, ZiriTadad, gamoikveTa ukiduresi memarjveneebisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli niSan-Tvisebebi, rogoric aris patriotizmi da erovnuloba. sazogadoebas axsovs imdroindeli xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebis xazgasmuli saubrebi `qarTvelobasa da saqarTveloze~, rac swored mis memarjveneobaze metyvelebda.
– saxelmwifo gadatrialebis Semdeg, 1992 wlis Semodgomaze qveyanaSi gamarTuli arCevnebi ramdenad legitimuri iyo da aqve Tanmdevi kiTxva: rogorc viciT, maSindel parlamentSi politikuri partiebis umetesoba moxvda, es ra faqtorebma ganapiroba?
– diax, faqtobrivad, swored 1992 wlis arCeuli parlamenti rCeba erT-erT yvelaze mravalpartiul da `Wrel~ parlamentad qarTuli parlamentarizmis istoriaSi. vfiqrob, rom aq gadamwyveti roli ara politikuri partiebis ideologiurma xazma, aramed saarCevno barierma iqonia. rogorc viciT, zemoaRniSnuli arCevnebi Catarda orprocentiani barieriT, rac, faqtobrivad, gaxda imis ZiriTadi mizezi, ratom gaCnda sxvadasxva politikuri ideologiis matarebeli partiebis warmomadgenloba qveynis sakanonmdeblo organoSi.
– arc isaa dasamali, rom 1990 wlis arCevnebis garda, opozicia yvela sxva arCevnebs aralegitimurad miiCnevda, es pretenziebi ramdenad argumentirebuli iyo?
– xelisuflebis legitimurobis sakiTxi dgeba maSin, rodesac is ar asaxavs qveynis SigniT arsebul ganwyobebsa Tu realur suraTs da ar aris demokratiulad arCeuli. aqve unda gaviTvaliswinoT 90-ianebis dasawyisis saqarTvelos Sida politikuri situacia: politikurad, ekonomikurad Tu socialurad arastabilurma situaciam ganapiroba is, rom sazogadoeba imyofeboda Sokur mdgomareobaSi, ar SeeZlo efiqra politikuri partiebis ideologiur mimarTulebebze. faqtobrivad, saxelmwifos, rogorc aseTis, mSenebloba iwyeba nulidan.
– sxvaTa Soris, mravali eqsperti acxadebs, rom 2003 wlis noembris arCevnebi rom ar gayalbebuliyo, anu mmarTvel partias eRiarebina `nacmoZraobis~ gamarjveba, vardebis revolucia ar moxdeboda, ras fiqrobT?
– vfiqrob, rom saWiro dros da saWiro adgilas, ufro sworad istoriis marTal mxares aRmoCndnen vardebis revoluciis mTavari Semoqmedni sazogadoebasTan erTad. bunebrivia, zemoT xsenebuli garemoebis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia saxelmwifo reformebi SedarebiT neli tempiT ganxorcielebuliyo, magram saerTo sazogadoebrivi ganwyoba iyo – uari SevardnaZis mmarTvelobas, rac, faqtobrivad, gaformda revoluciiT, ramac daaCqara qveynis instituciuri gaZlierebis winapirobebi.
– 2012 wlis arCevnebSi `nacmoZraobis~ marcxi ra faqtorebma ganapiroba da amJamad mmarTveli partia ra gamowvevebis winaSea?
– `qarTuli ocnebis~ gamarjveba Tavad `nacionaluri moZraobis~ mmarTvelobis dros gadadmulma arasworma politikurma nabijma ganapiroba. dRevandeli `qarTuli ocneba~ arafriT aRar hgavs 2012 wels ideiT gaerTianebul politikur erTobas. axla maT winaSe mTavari gamowveva `nacmoZraobis~ `ganeitraleba~ ki ara, saqarTvelos evropul ojaxSi integracia unda iyos, rac dakavSirebulia Cveni qveynis ekonomikur gaZlierebasTan, axali samuSao adgilebis SeqmnasTan, ganaTlebis sistemis reformirebasTan, axalgazrdebisTvis axali SesaZleblobebis gaCenasTan da a. S.
– rogorc cnobilia, saqarTveloSi arCevnebSi, ZiriTadad, ori Zala (`mrgvali magida~ – `komunisturi partia~, `moqalaqeTa kavSiri~ – `nacmoZraoba~, `nacmoZraoba~ – `qarTuli ocneba~) upirispirdebodnen erTmaneTs, mesame Zala ratom ar Cans horizontze?
– politikur maraTonSi partiaTa pozicionireba ganpirobebulia ramdenime faqtoriT. pirveli – es aris sazogadoebis ndoba, meore – dabali saarCevno barieri da mesame – Sesabamisi finansebi. Tqvens SekiTxvaSive SegviZlia veZioT pasuxi, albaT, swored imitom, rom memkvidreobiT ergo qarTul partiaTa sistemas, iyos or partias Soris dapirispirebebi, romlebic Tavis TavSi gaaerTianeben sxvadasxva partias da koaliciurad iqnebian warmodgenili arCevnebSi. mesame Zalis mizidulobis centris gaCena am oris sistemurad uaryofas unda gulisxmobdes, rac qarTul praqtikaSi rTulad mosaZiebelia.
– amJamad partiebs Tu aqvT gamokveTili ideologiebi? drodadro memarjvene Zala ultramemarcxene ideebs qadagebs, memarcxene Zala ki mkveTrad konservatiul Tezisebs afrqvevs, es risi maniSnebelia?
– Cvenda samwuxarod, saqarTveloSi dabali politikur-ideologiuri kulturaa, rac gansakuTrebiT qarTul politikur velze ikveTeba. partiaTa interesi mosaxleobis politikuri ideologiiT gaerTianebas ki ar gulisxmobs, aramed – kargad gayidvadi populisturi sakiTxebis irgvliv mobilizebas.
– saprezidento arCevnebi qveyanaSi aRar gaimarTeba, ramdenad marTebulia saprezidento institutis nivelireba garTulebuli sagareo faqtorebis gaTvaliswinebiT?
– saqarTvelo konstituciiT aris saparlamento mmarTvelobis mqone qveyana, ramac ganapiroba qveynis prezidentis arCevis wesis cvlileba, rac, vfiqrob, Seesabameba evropul praqtikas. kolegiis mier arCeul prezidentsac SeuZlia iyos Zlieri, damoukidebeli da qveynis interesebis gamtarebeli, Tuki amis politikuri neba iarsebebs.
– udavoa, rom momaval saparlamento arCevnebs dasavleTi didi yuradRebiT daakvirdeba, am mxriv kiTxvis niSnebi rom ar warmoiSvas, xelisuflebam ra unda moimoqmedos?
– vfiqrob, rom momaval arCevnebamde Cvenma xelisuflebam opoziciasTan erTad unda izrunos, rom saqarTvelom istoriuli Sansi xelidan ar gauSvas, – unda SevasruloT Tormeti rekomendacia, romelic gaica evrokomisiis mier da amis Semdeg unda visaubroT 2024 wlis saparlamento Tu saprezidento arCevnebze. xelisuflebam unda gamoxatos politikuri neba da sazogadoebasTan erTad izeimos is warmateba, romelsac Tormeti rekomendaciis Sesrulebis Sedegad kandidatis statusis miniWeba hqvia.
– dabolos, dResdReobiT ra stadiaSia opozicia da ra elis momavalSi?
– qarTul opozicias ar ZaluZs arsebuli xelisuflebis Secvla. maT ar gaaCniaT amis politikuri resursi, radgan sazogadoebis ganwyobebs ar pasuxobs, ver asaxavs maT mier gadadgmuli nabiji, an Tu asaxavs, es ar qmnis moqalaqeTa ganwyobis srul suraTs. sazogadoebis ndoba aRar gaaCnia rogorc xelisuflebas, aseve opozicias, amis Secvla ki, vfiqrob, sakadro da sworxazovani politikiT aris SesaZlebeli.
