როგორ დავწეროთ საგრანტო პროექტი და რა ნიუანსები გავითვალისწინოთ?
ნანა აბულაძე 577 20 35 90 –
dRes maTTvis, visac aqvs idea, surs sxvadasxva mimarTulebiT axali iniciativebi ganaxorcielos, moagvaros ama Tu im mimarTulebiT maT qalaqsa Tu municipalitetebSi arsebuli problema da, amavdroulad, gaxdes motivatori sxvebisTvis, araerTi SesaZlebloba arsebobs. maT Sorisaa proeqtis dawera, romelsac sagranto konkursis farglebSi donori organizaciebi afinanseben. Tumca, xSiria SemTxveva, roca adamians aqvs idea, magram ar icis, rogor daweros proeqti da warmoaCinos problema, romlis gadaWrac surs. am sakiTxebze ekonomist daviT arZenaZes vesaubreT, romelic 2007 wlidan wers proeqtebs da amiT araerT adamiansa Tu organizacias exmareba. daviT arZenaZe, Tavisi mravalmxrivi gamocdilebidan gamomdinare (muSaobda sakonsultacio oficris poziciaze saqarTvelos biznesis ganviTarebis centrSi `kavkasia~, igive poziciaze – sakonsultacio kompania `Ddarts Ggroup~-Si , axla ki e. w. frilanseria), ambobs, rom aRniSnuli mimarTulebiT aucilebelia sazogadoebis ufro meti informirebuloba, raTa maT droulad moaxerxon da gamoiyenon is SesaZlebloba, rasac saxelmwifo da kerZo donorebi sTavazoben.
– didi xania werT biznes-proeqtebs da exmarebiT sxvebsac. am gadasaxedidan, ra gamowvevebsa da tendenciebze SegiZliaT yuradRebis gamaxvileba?
– dRes saqarTveloSi biznesis dawyeba sakmaod martivia, msoflio bank Ddoing Bbusnes-is monacemebiT, biznesis dawyebis simartiviT saqarTvelo msoflio reitingSi meore adgilzea (saerTo reitingiT – meSvide adgilze), rac metwilad ganpirobebulia Zalian dabali biurokratiuli barierebiTa da biznesis registraciis swrafi procedurebiT. Tumca, registrirebuli biznesebis didi nawili, sxvadasxva mizezis gamo, funqcionirebas ramdenime welSi aCerebs. bolo periodSi sakmaod mniSvnelovani finansuri resursebi gamoiyo rogorc biznesis dawyebis, aseve, arsebulis ganviTarebis xelSesawyobad. aq igulisxmeba rogorc saxelmwifo biujetidan, aseve, saerTaSoriso organizaciebis mier gamoyofili finansuri resursebi. Tu davakvirdebiT tendencias, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom adre donor organizaciebs uwevdaT didi Zalisxmevis da resursis daxarjva, rom miznobrivi jgufebi daerwmunebinaT dafinansebis miRebis realur SansebSi (mosaxleobaSi sakmaod maRali iyo skeptikuri damokidebuleba msgavsi proeqtebis mimarT), dRes ki dafinansebis miRebis msurvelTa aqtiuroba sakmaod maRalia da konkurenciac gazrdili. Sesabamisad, donor organizaciebs ufro didi Zalisxmeva sWirdebaT swori beneficiaris SesarCevad.
– isini, visac surT biznes-proeqtis dawera da sxvadasxva organizaciis dafinansebis miReba, ra informacias unda flobdnen, vidre proeqtis weras daiwyeben?
– Tu moqalaqes surs dafinansebis mopoveba, unda gaiTvaliswinos sxvadasxva faqtori, kerZod, aucilebelia detalurad gaecnos damfinansebeli/donori organizaciis moTxovnebs. sagranto programebs Tan axlavs msgavsi saxis saxelmZRvanelo, romelSic detalurad weria, biznesis romeli mimarTuleba finansdeba, an ar finansdeba, ramdenia grantis da Tanadafinansebis moculoba, ra tipis xarjebis dafinanseba aris SesaZlebeli grantiT, ra iuridiuli statusi unda hqondes bizness… xSir SemTxvevaSi, dafinansebis maZiebeli ar kiTxulobs am dokuments, ris gamoc misi ganacxadi teqnikuri gadarCevis etaps ver gadis da xarvezdeba. sasurvelia, dafinansebiT Sesasyidi saqonlis momsaxurebis fasebis da teqnikuri maxasiaTeblebis winaswar moZieba. dafinansebis maZiebelma proeqti unda Camoayalibos nafiqri ideis mixedviT. Tu ganmcxadebels detaluri warmodgena ar aqvs ideaze da mis ganxorcielebaze, es aucileblad gamoikveTeba SerCevis sxvadasxva etapze da proeqti daxarvezdeba. man Tavad unda Seavsos biznesideis da biznesgegmis formebi da saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, daxvewis mizniT mxolod amis Semdeg mimarTos gamocdil eqspertebs. Tu biznesgegma ar aris ganmcxadeblis mier an misi CarTulobiT dawerili, gasaubrebis etapze aucileblad gamoCndeba da beneficiaris mimarT undoblobas gaaCens. mimaCnia, rom biznesgegma unda iyos biznesmenis samagido saxelmZRvanelo dokumenti, romelic mxolod dafinansebis mosapoveblad da Taroze Semosadebad ar unda iyos gamoyenebuli.
– visaubroT donori organizaciebis moTxovnebze. ra barierebs awydebian, magaliTad, soflad mcxovrebni, romlebsac aqvT idea, kargad aqvT gansazRvruli proeqtis mizani da surT dafinanseba?
– dafinansebis gacemis dros gansxvavebulia donori organizaciebis moTxovnebi. Sesabamisad, kargad unda gvqondes gansazRvruli, Tu ra aris donori organizaciis mTavari mizani, risTvis gvafinansebs da ratom xarjavs finansur resurss. rig SemTxvevaSi, es SeiZleba iyos konkretuli mowyvladi jgufebis gaZliereba, rig SemTxvevaSi – teritoriuli erTeulis ganviTareba, zogjer – adgilobrivi warmoebis gazrdiT importis Canacvleba da sxva. magaliTad, Tu donori gvifinansebs rZis gadamamuSavebeli sawarmos biznesideas, misi mTavari mizani SeiZleba iyos ara konkretulad Cveni biznesis warmateba, aramed Cveni biznesis warmatebuli funqcionirebiT municipalitetSi merZeveobis dargis da mcire fermerebis ganviTareba. Sesabamisad, aseT SemTxvevaSi, biznesgegmis daweris dros aqcents Tu gadavitanT imaze, rom gavakeTebT sakuTar fermas da mxolod sakuTari rZis gadamuSavebiT davkavdebiT, donorisTvis naklebad saintereso viqnebiT. rac Seexeba barierebs, romlebsac awydebian dafinansebis msurveli, soflad mcxovrebi adamianebi, Semdegia: rig donor organizaciebs aqvT sakmaod rTuli biznesgegmis forma, romlis damoukideblad Sevseba ganmcxadebels uWirs (gansakuTrebiT – finansuri gegmis), xolo soflebSi naklebad arian eqspertebi, romlebic kvalificiur konsultacias da daxmarebas gauweven maT. onlainganacxadebis gagzavnis SemTxvevaSi, xSiria internetze wvdomis da kompiuteruli unarebis flobis problema (ZiriTadad, 50+ asakis adamianebSi); saWiro TandarTuli dokumentaciebis Segroveba – xSir SemTxvevaSi danarTebis CamonaTvali aSinebT beneficiarebs da uWirT maTi moZieba (mag. cnoba davalianebis Sesaxeb, ganaxlebuli amonawerebi, auditis daskvna da a.S.).
– araerTi sagranto proeqti ganxorcielda rogorc soflad, aseve qalaqSi, bevrma ojaxma ekonomikuri sargebeli naxa am yvelafrisgan, magram aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom, samwuxarod, dafinansebuli proeqtebis garkveulma nawilma ar gaamarTla. aris SemTxvevebi, roca mepatrone yidis farTs, danadgars… am mxriv sad xedavT problemas da ras miiCnevT misi gadaWris gzad?
– zogadad, axaldafuZnebuli biznesebis sicocxlisunarianoba qveyanaSi sakmaod dabalia, rac Seexeba dafinansebuli biznesebis sicocxlisunarianobas, damokidebulia iseT faqtorebze, rogorebicaa: grantis mimRebis arakeTilsindisieri damokidebuleba, miRebuli Tanxis aramiznobrivi gamoyeneba. aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac beneficiari cdilobs, miiRos dafinanseba ara biznesis ganviTarebis, aramed fulis `gaTeTrebis~ mizniT, kerZod, sainvesticio biujetSi uTiTebs iseTi ZiriTadi saSualebebis Sesyidvas, rac mas ukve aqvs. grantis mimRebTa nawili Tavidanve ise agzavnis ganacxads, rom ar grZnobs maRal pasuxismgeblobas da risks. xSirad svamen kiTxvas: `Tu ar an ver Sesruldeba biznesgegmaSi dawerili aqtivobebi, ra pasuxismgebloba daekisreba mas~. grantis mimRebis pasuxismgebloba, maqsimum, Semoifarglos grantiT Sesyiduli ZiriTadi saSualebebis CamorTmeviT (esec gamonaklis SemTxvevaSi), rac maTTvis Zalian dabali riskia; biznesis marTvis dabali unarebi – SeiZleba grantis mimRebma kargad icodes konkretuli produqtis warmoeba, magram ar hqondes biznesis marTvis da gayidvebis unarebi, Sesabamisad, ver axdens warmoebuli produqtis realizacias; arasworad gansazRvruli biujeti – miRebuli granti da Tanadafinansebis Tanxa Tu ar aris sworad gaTvlili da arasakmarisia biznesis srulfasovani dawyeba-funqcionirebisaTvis, ganmcxadebels uwevs damatebiTi saxsrebis moZieba, rac an ver xerxdeba, an droSia gawelili da saboloo jamSi, uaryofiTad moqmedebs biznesze. zemoCamoTvlili riskebis dazRvevis mizniT, aucilebelia: sworad SeirCes beneficiari, Catardes winaswari monitoringi biznesis ganxorcielebis adgilze, Semowmdes yvela is aqtivi, rac beneficiars ukve aqvs. Seswavlili unda iyos ganmcxadeblis motivacia da minimumamde dayvanili Tanxis miRebis Semdeg misi aramiznobrivi gamoyeneba. unda ganxorcieldes dafinansebis Semdgomi monitoringi da procesSive unda ganisazRvros riskebi, rac safrTxes Seuqmnis dafinansebuli biznesis sicocxlisunarianobas. paralelurad, eqspertTa jgufi unda cdilobdes, monitoringis ganxorcielebis procesSi gauwios maT kvalificiuri konsultacia-daxmareba. aucilebelia dafinansebis mimRebTa kvalifikaciis da saWiroebis Seswavla da kvalifikaciis asamaRleblad codnis permanentuli miwodeba. sasurvelia, grantiT Sesyiduli ZiriTadi saSualebebi monitoringis dasrulebamde iyos donori organizaciis sakuTrebaSi da mxolod amis Semdeg (Tu beneficiari keTilsindisierad asrulebs nakisr valdebulebebs) gadaeces beneficiars sakuTrebaSi.
– damfinansebeli organizaciebi Tu axdenen proeqtis Semdgom monitorings?
– yvela donori awarmoebs grantis xarjvis procesis, aseve, SemdgomSi biznesgegmiT gansazRvruli aqtivobebis monitorings. monitoringis vada yvela donor organizacias gansxvavebuli aqvs (meryeobs 1-dan 3 wlamde). gamomdinare iqidan, rom monitoringi moiTxovs sakmaod did finansur resurss, SezRudulia vadaSi, Tumca, 2 weli sakmarisi droa rogorc procesze dakvirvebisTvis, aseve, axali biznesebis inkubaciisTvis.
cnobisTvis: uaxloes periodSi daiwyeba rogorc `awarmoe saqarTveloSi~ mikro da mcire mewarmeebis xelSewyobis saxelmwifo programa, aseve aWaris soflis meurneobis saministros sagranto programa `soflisa da soflis meurneobis ganviTarebis xelSewyoba~.
