რომელ სფეროში დასაქმებულებს ეხება ახალი რეგულაციები?
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mTavrobis Sesabamisi gadawyvetilebiT da saerTaSoriso evropuli praqtikis gaTvaliswinebiT, saqarTveloSi miRebulia kanoni, romelic ukve Sevida ZalaSi da romlis Tanaxmadac, momsaxurebis sferoSi dasaqmebuli personali kviraSi 48-is nacvlad 40 saaTs imuSavebs
regulaciebi Seexo iseT samuSaoebs, rogorebicaa saswrafo daxmareba, policia, mexanZre-maSveli, mSeneblobebze, restornebsa Tu sastumroebSi dasaqmebuli adamianebi. axali SromiTi kodeqsis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi, gamoyenebuli iqneba gafrTxileba, Semdeg jerze – jarima, bolos ki samuSao procesis SeCereba. SromiTi pirobebis axali regulaciebi gaaumjobesebs dasaqmebulis uflebriv mdgomareobas, amasTan, aRniSnuli cvlileba evropasTan asocirebis xelSekrulebiT nakisri valdebulebis Sesrulebaa. rogorc damsaqmeblebi varaudoben, SromiTi pirobebis axali dadgenileba pirvel etapze problemebs Seqmnis, kerZod, bazarze gamocdili kadrebis deficitis gamo, magram problemebi gadailaxeba, Tundac dasaqmebis saagentosTan mWidro urTierTobiT – maT aqvT araerTi programa, riTac momavalSi moamzadeben ama Tu im mimarTulebiT saWiro kadrebs.
aRniSnul TemasTan dakavSirebiT gazeT `aWarasTan~ aWaris profesiuli kavSirebis gaerTianebis Tavmjdomare zurab cecxlaZem isaubra.
– demokratiuli saxelmwifos mTavari zrunvis sagani unda iyos dasaqmebulis uflebebis dasacavad saTanado garemos Seqmna, amavdroulad, iseTi samarTlebrivi regulirebis modelebis SemuSaveba, rac uwyvet reJimSi uzrunvelyofs Tavisufali mewarmeobis ganviTrebas da adamianis sicocxlisa da janmrTelobis garantiebs. saxelmwifos mTavari sazrunavi unda iyos Rirseuli Sroma da Sromis Rirseuli anazRaureba, riskenac nabij-nabij mivdivarT. saqarTvelos mTavrobis 2022 wlis 26 dekembris №#597 dadgenileba `specifikuri samuSao reJimis mqone dargebis CamonaTvalis damtkicebis Sesaxeb~ aris kidev erTi wingadadgmuli nabiji SromiTi uflebebis dacvisa da Sromis saTanadod dafasebis mimarTulebiT, rasac iTvaliswinebs aseve evropasTan asocirebis xelSekruleba. maSin, roca evropasa da msoflioSi ganixileba 35-saaTiani samuSao kvira da 4-dRiani samuSao kvira, biznesisTvis ar unda iyos gasakviri specifikuri samuSao reJimis mqone dargebis Semcireba im niSniT, rom am CamonaTvalSi darCes mxolod is dargebi, romlebic realurad saWiroeben samuSao/sawarmoo procesis uwyvetobas. uamravi dargi iyo adre (da axlac rCeba, mag: transporti, kvebis produqtebis warmoeba, sazogadoebrivi advokatirebis profesiuli saqmianoba da sxva), romelic ar saWiroebda samuSao/sawarmoo reJimis uwyvetobas, magram mainc aris CamonaTvalSi. nel-nela im gziT unda viaroT, rom maqsimalurad Semcirdes, erTeul dargebamde davides (an saerTod gauqmdes) specifikuri samuSao reJimis mqone dargebis raodenoba, – ganacxada zurab cecxlaZem.
misi TqmiT, biznesi axali regulaciebisTvis unda yofiliyo momzadebuli, rameTu es Tema axali ar aris. saqarTvelos mTavrobis 2013 wlis 11 dekembris #№329 dadgenileba arsebobda `specifikuri samuSao reJimis dargebis CamonaTvalis Sesaxeb~, romelic Zaladakargulad gamocxadda 2021 wlis pirvel aprils. manamde ki Sromis kodeqsSi Setanili (2020 wlis 20 seqtembris) mniSvnelovani cvlilebebiT dadginda, rom saqarTvelos mTavroba socialur partniorebTan konsultaciis Semdeg, gansazRvravda specifikuri samuSao reJimis mqone dargebis CamonaTvals.
– faqtia, rom es sakiTxi mougvarebeli darCa rogorc drois, ise qveynis mier aRebuli valdebulebebis TvalsazrisiT. deklarirebulad Sromis kodeqsSi gavwereT, rom 40-saaTiani samuSao kvira gveqneboda, meore mxriv ki specifikuri reJimis samuSaoebis CamonaTvali arsebobda, romelic, faqtobrivad, yvela dargs moicavda, TiTqos kodeqsSi yvelaferi gamovasworeT, realurad ki 48-saaTiani samuSao kvira gvqonda. rogorc ukve mogaxseneT, specifikuri samuSao reJimis dargebis CamonaTvalSi jerac bevria iseTi dargebi, romlebic ar saWiroeben uwyvet samuSao reJims da am dadgenilebas fasi ar eqneboda, rom ara misi me-4 punqti, sadac aRniSnulia, rom 48-saaTiani samuSao reJimi unda ganxorcieldes mxolod im sawarmoebsa da sawarmoebSi im dasaqmebulebze, sadac realurad aucilebeli sawarmos moculobidan gamomdinare, warmoebis, samuSao procesi iTvaliswinebs 8 saaTze meti xangrZlivobis uwyvet reJims. am sakiTxze mxareTa SeuTanxmeblobis SemTxvevaSi, damsaqmeblis, dasaqmebulis (aranakleb dasaqmebulTa 20%-is) an profkavSirebis moTxovnis safuZvelze, sakiTxs ganixilavs mTavari Sromis inspeqtorTan arsebuli sakonsultacio organo – mrCevelTa sabWo. rogorc xedavT, arsebobs meqanizmi imisaTvis, rom mxareTa SeuTanxmeblobis SemTxvevaSi sakiTxze damatebiT imsjelon mxareebma da miiRon gadawyvetileba, saWiroebs Tu ara esa Tu is sawarmo an sawarmoSi dasaqmebuli muSaobis uwyvet reJims. zemoaRniSnulidan gamomdinare ganvmartav, rom mocemuli regulaciebi emsaxureba pirvel rigSi, evropasTan asocirebuli xelSekrulebiT aRebuli valdebulebebis Sesrulebas, aseve imis gansazRvras, realurad marTlac romeli dargebi saWiroebs muSaobis uwyvet reJims, rom es borotad ar gamoiyenos damsaqmebelma Tavisi miznebisTvis da ar misces dasaqmebuls zeganakveTuris anazRaureba. regulaciebi problemebs ar Seuqmnis bizness, raime damatebiTi muSaxelis daqiraveba arcki dasWirdebaT, Tu Seeguebian imas, rom qveyanaSi bolos da bolos, dadgindeba 40-saaTiani samuSao kvira da imis zeviT Sesrulebuli nebismieri samuSao unda anazRaurdes zeganakveTurad, an kidev gadauxadon zeganakveTurad, an gadaunawilon saqme sxva dasaqmebulebs. faqtia, rom qveyanaSi gvaqvs iseTi situacia, roca dasaqmebulic ki Tvidan Tvemde Raribdeba. es pirdapir niSnavs imas, rom dasaqmebuli Sesrulebuli samuSaos Sesabamis anazRaurebas ver iRebs, rac SemdgomSi iwvevs profesionali muSaxelis gadinebas sazRvargareT. mere ki biznesi saubrobs imaze, rom profesionali kadrebis povna Wirs. daskvnis saxiT vityvi, rom mTavrobis xsenebuli dadgenileba dadebiTad aisaxeba SromiT urTierTobebSi, pozitiur rols Seasrulebs anazRaurebis gazrdis mimarTulebiT da mZime Sromisgan gadaRlil dasaqmebuls gamouTavisuflebs garkveul dros, rac miscems mas amosunTqvis da dasvenebis saSualebs. es ki Tavis mxriv ufro produqtiuls gaxdis dasaqmebuls da gazrdis rogorc Sesrulebuli samuSaos xarisxs, ise, warmoebis margi qmedebis koeficients, – ambobs zurab cecxlaZe.
komentari vTxoveT aWaris dasaqmebis saagentos xelmZRvanel Temur kaxiZes:
– adamianuri kapitali umniSvnelovanesi faqtoria, romelic amaRlebs cxovrebis dones, radgan akompleqtebs sazogadoebrivi Tu ekonomikuri saqmianobis sxvadasxva sferos umaRlesi codnisa da gamocdilebis mqone samuSao ZaliT, zrdis Sromis mwarmoeblurobas, rac pirdapir dakavSirebulia qveynis ekonomikis ganviTarebasa da winsvlasTan. Sesabamisad, ganaTlebis, janmrTelobis dacvisa da dasaqmebuli adamianebisTvis Rirseuli samuSao pirobebis Seqmnis kuTxiT gatarebuli marTebuli politika mniSvnelovania da gavlenas axdens adamianuri kapitalis formirebaze. swored zemoaRniSnuls ukavSirdeba ukanasknel wlebSi gadadgmuli qmediTi nabijebi samuSao adgilze usafrTxo da jansaRi garemos Seqmnisa Tu dasaqmebulTa SromiTi uflebebis dacvis kuTxiT. maT Sorisaa bolo periodSi saqarTvelos mTavrobis mier miRebuli gadawyvetileba, romliTac specifikuri samuSaoebis nusxa Semcirda da 48-saaTian samuSao grafiks mxolod is dargebi daeqvemdebara, romelTaTvisac aucilebelia muSaobis uwyveti cikli da emsaxurebian sazogado sikeTes. Sesabamisad, specifikuri samuSaoebis nusxas gamoeTiSa iseTi ekonomikuri saqmianobebis mimarTulebebi, rogorica sastumro da restornebi, momsaxurebis seqtori, teqstilis warmoeba da sxva, sadac saerTaSorisod aRiarebuli evropuli praqtikidan gamomdinare, samuSao dro ganisazRvra araumetes kviraSi 40 saaTisa. niSandoblivia isic, rom aRniSnuli cvlilebis Sesaxeb konsultaciebi sammxriv formatSi (saxelmwifos, biznesis, damsaqmebelTa gaerTianebebisa da profesiuli kavSiris warmomadgenlebis CarTulobiT) mimdinareobda. es is sferoebia, romelzec dasaqmebulTa didi nawili modis da yvelaze meti vakanturi poziciebic generirdeba, Tumca, aqve unda aRvniSnoT, rom swored es sferoebi gamoirCeva adamianebis didi gadinebiT, rac ZiriTad SemTxvevaSi, swored aranormirebuli samuSao ganakveTiT da araxelsayreli samuSao pirobebiT iyo ganpiroebubuli, – aRniSna Temur kaxiZem.
misive TqmiT, ganxorcielebuli cvlilebebi aisaxeba adgilobrivi Sromis bazarze moTxovna-miwodebas Soris isedac arsebul disbalansze, Tumca gaumjobesebuli SromiTi pirobebi, erTi mxriv, xels Seuwyobs araaqtiuri SromiTi Zalis CarTvas ekonomikur saqmianobaSi, xolo meore mxriv, uzrunvelyofs dasaqmebul pirTa mdgradobas, rac TviTganviTarebisTvis saWiro resursebze (TAAavisufali dro, zegegmuri samuSaos anazRaureba, motivacia da a. S.) xelmisawvdomobis zrdiT iqneba ganpirobebuli. Temur kaxiZis informaciiT, aWaris dasaqmebis saagento axorcielebs dasaqmebis xelSewyobis programebs, romlebic gamoirCeva mravalferovnebiT da pasuxobs rogorc samuSaos maZieblebis, aseve damsaqmebelTa saWiroebebsa da moTxovnebs.
– magaliTad, profesiuli unarebis SeZena-amaRlebis msurvel samuSaos maZieblebs vTavazobT profesiul momzadebas bazarze moTxovnad profesiul mimarTulebebSi. kursis SemuSaveba da swavleba (Teoriuli da praqtikuli komponenti) swored programaSi CarTul damsaqmebelTa da profesiuli saswavleblis specialistebis uSualo monawileobiT xorcieldeba rogorc saswavlo, aseve samuSao garemoSi. profesiuli gadamzadeba kompaniebs aZlevs maTTan dasaqmebuli an/da individualuri samuSao gamocdilebiT miRebuli codnis mqone pirTa gadamzadebis, codnis gaRrmavebisa da kvalifikaciis srulyofis SesaZleblobas samuSaosTan Tavsebadi swavlebis gziT. araformaluri ganaTlebis aRiareba ki formaluri ganaTlebis miRma miRweuli Sedegebis (samuSao gamocdileba, individualuri ganaTleba) dadasturebiT, profesiuli kvalifikaciis Sesabamisi dokumentaciis miRebis SesaZleblobas iZleva. `praqtikuli unarebis ganviTareba~ – es komponenti iTvaliswinebs samuSaos maZiebelTa dasaqmebaze orientirebuli praqtikuli unar-Cvevebis ganviTarebas. swavleba xorcieldeba moklevadiani intensiuri saswavlo moduliT, realur samuSao garemoSi. saswavlo moduls SeimuSavebs damsaqmebeli konkretuli poziciis mixedviT arsebuli saWiroebebisa da moTxovnebis, samuSao garemosa da pirobebis safuZvelze. Sesabamisad, damsaqmeblis CarTulobiT, kompaniis specifikis gaTvaliswinebiT, konkretuli poziciis Sesabamisi funqciis Sesasruleblad momzaddeba adamianuri resursi. saagento profesiuli momzadeba-gadamzadebis qveprogramis miRma, sxvadasxva miznobrivi jgufis saWiroebebze gaTvlil qveprogramebsac axorcielebs, magaliTad, rogoricaa studentTa dasaqmebis xelSewyoba, SSm pirTa profesiuli gadamzadebisa da dasaqmebis xelSewyoba, dasaqmebis xelSewyoba cifruli unarebis ganviTarebis gziT, dasaqmebisa da TviTdasaqmebis xelSewyoba samuSao iaraRebiT uzrunvelyofis gziT, kvalifikaciis amaRleba araformaluri ganaTlebis gziT, sazRvao sferoSi dasaqmebis xelSewyoba, – ganacxada Temur kaxiZem.
`samsaxurSi araproduqtiuli var, gamovifite. xSiria roca Cemi samuSao saaTebi sruldeba, magram iqidan gamomdinare, rom momxmarebeli zis magidasTan, unda daelodo. ori saaTiT da metiTac zedmetad davutovebivar ufross, saxlSi droze ver mivsulvar SvilebTan, damatebiTi anazRaurebac ar moucia, CvenTan xom aseTi midgomaa: ginda – iyavi, ar ginda da mibrZandi~, – gviTxra marika beJaniZem, romelic erT-erT restoranSia dasaqmebuli da imedi gamoTqva, rom axal regulaciebs damsaqmeblebi gaiTvaliswineben, raTa erTxel da samudamod, daculi iyos Cvens qveyanaSi TiToeuli adamianis SromiTi ufleba.
