რამ გადააწყვეტინა კალმის ხელში აღება აკაკი მახარაძეს?
ოთარ ცინარიძე 599 85 21 14 –
saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros sasazRvro policiis Tadarigis vice-polkovniki akaki maxaraZe 8 wignis avtoria. saqarTvelos mweralTa SemoqmedebiTi kavSiris wevri, samwerlo da sazogadoebriv muSaobas aqtiurad agrZelebs. igi Cve-ni stumaria.
– batono akaki, rodis gadawyviteT, rom dRiurebsa da gonebaSi Semonaxuli realuri ambebi mxatvrul formebSi, furcelze gadmogetanaT?
– saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros sasazRvro policiis rigebidan daTxovnamde, saqarTveloSi dislocirebuli sasazRvro jarebis rigebSi vmsaxurobdi, oficris CiniT, sxvadasxva Tanamdebobaze. daTxovnis Semdeg aqtiur pedagogiur saqmianobas veweodi baTumis saxelmwifo, damoukidebel da vaxtang gorgaslis saxelobis universitetebSi samarTalmcodneobis mimarTulebiT. erTi periodi vxelmZRvanelobdi baTumis samedicino-ekologiur instituts, 2012 wlidan ki SemoqmedebiT saqmianobas movkide xeli. skolaSi swavlis periodSi vwerdi leqsebs, ZiriTadad, lirikul da patriotul motivebze, magram samxedro-sasazRvro uwyebebSi samsaxuri da literaturul-SemoqmedebiTi saqmianoba erTmaneTs ver `hguobs~. . . SemoqmedebiTi moRvaweoba sul sxva garemosa da pirobebs moiTxovs. . .amitomac, SemoqmedebiTi saqmianobis TvalsazrisiT, TiTqmis ocdaaTwliani wyveta mqonda, mexsierebasa da dRiurebSi dagrovili uzarmazari masala da mogonebebi ki Tavis wil dRis sinaTles eloda.
– pirveli romani `trefikingis msxverpli~ drosa da movlenebze ramdenad misadagebuli iyo?
– 1992-1998 wlebSi vmsaxurobdi saqarTvelo-TurqeTis sazRvarze, sarfis sakontrolo-gamSveb punqtze operatiuli samsaxuris ufrosad. mqonda yoveldRiuri kontaqti rogorc saqarTvelos, ise ucxo qveynis, sxvadasxva statusis, profesiis, xelo-bisa Tu zneobis moqalaqeebTan. gansakuTrebiT guls miwvavda upovarTa fenis siduxWire, gausaZlisi da gamouvali mdgomareoba. Semxvedria patiosani mSromelic da muqTaxora znedacemulic, Tavdadebuli adamianic da avantiuristi vigindarac, gayidulic da gamyidvelic. . . erTi sityviT, mTeli gama maSindeli sazogadoebisa. gansakuTrebiT ver veguebodi zogierTi qarTvelis moralur da zneobriv degradacias. vTvlidi da vTvli, rom yvela patriotma qarTvelma da mamuliSvilma, visac samSoblosa da mSobeli eris keTildReobisa da ukeTesi mermisisTvis uZgers guli, gangaSis zarebi unda daarisxos, samzeoze gamoitanos ukeTurobani da moniSnos gzebi Tavis aridebisa Tu gamosworebisa. . . amanac gadamawyvetina wera.
– samsaxurebrivad, CrdiloeT kavkasiasTanac iyaviT dakavSirebuli. . .
– sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis Semdeg, mis samarTalmemkvidred ruseTi gamocxadda, Sesabamisad, sabWoTa SeiaraRebuli Zalebi da sasazRvro sistema ruseTis federaciis iurisdiqciaSi moeqca. TbilisSi dislocirebulma amierkavkasiis sasazRvro jarebis olqma struqturuli cvlilebebi ganicada – is Camoyalibda rogorc kavkasiis sagangebo sasazRvro olqi da Stabi axali dislokaciis adgilas – qalaq stavropolSi gadaitanes, CvenTan ki am olqs daqvemdebarebuli sajariso dajgufeba `saqarTvelo~ ganTavsda. dajgufebis sasazRvro nawilebs – axalcixis, xiWauris, baTumis da soxumis sasazRvro razmebsa da sxva struqturul erTeulebs daevala saqarTvelo-TurqeTis saxelmwifo sazRvris, rogorc damoukidebel saxelmwifoTa Tanamegobrobis gare sazRvris fizikuri dacva da usafrTxoeba. xSirad miwevda CrdiloeT kavkasiis mxaresa da respublikebSi mivlineba. iq gavicani, movikiTxe Cveni regionidan adre sxvadasxva mizeziT, sxvadasxva dros, nebiT Tu piradi problemebis gamo iZulebiT gadaxvewili Tanamemamuleebi. CemTvis gansakuTrebiT TvalSisacemi iyo maTi saqmianoba krasnodaris mxareSi. maTi bedi, `saqmeni sagmironi~, gancdebi da nostalgia romanSi `uTqmeli anderZi~ movaqcie. Tanac, Cemi TanamemamuleebisTvis mindoda meTqva: `samSoblo, rogorc ufali, erTia qveyanazeda~, – nu miatoveben mas!. . .
– Tqveni Semoqmedebis margalitia trilogia `idumali frontis raindi~. geografiuli areali, sadac trilogiis mTavari gmiris cxovreba, Sroma, gulagebSi yofnaa asaxuli, TqvenTvis ramdenad cnobili iyo Tu mwerlis fantaziis nayofia?
– sasazRvro jarebis operatiul organoebSi vmsaxurobdi, wvdoma mqonda Sesabamis dokumentur masalebsa da specialur literaturasTan. amas erTvis am organoebSi samsaxuris mravalwliani piradi praqtika da gamocdileba. erTsac getyviT, Soreul CrdiloeTSi ganlagebul cixe-koloniebSi arsebuli mdgomareobis gacnoba-Seswavlis, obieqturi, realuri warmodgenis Seqmnisa da saTanado masalebis mopovebis mizniT, 2009-2010 wlebis mijnaze, ramdenime Tvis ganmavlobaSi vimyofebodi komis respublikaSi, raSic damexmarnen iq mcxovrebi Cveni Tanamemamuleebi. mTavari gmiris da saerTod, romanis personaJTa saxeebi krebsiTia. aseve mindoda, am farul frontze mTiani aWaris sazRvrispira mkvidrTa roli da wvlili warmomeCina, gameanalizebina da farTo sazogadoebamde ise mimetana. aWarasa da aWarlebze, maT tradiciebze, adaT-wesebze, qveynisa da misi saxelmwifo sazRvris usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofis saqmeSi maT wvlilsa da SemarTebaze, bedsa Tu ubedobaze, gmirobaze mindoda meti scodnoda mkiTxvel sazogadoebas. trilogiaze `idumali frontis raindi~ TiTqmis TxuTmeti weli vimuSave. nagroveb-naloliavebi masalebi, sakuTari TvaliT nanaxi da gancdili, ruseTis Soreuli CrdiloeTis cixe-koloniebsa Tu sasjelaRsrulebis sxva dawesebulebaSi nagvem-natanji milionobiT ganwirul-gaubedurebuli adamianis yofa da iq Camkvdari sicocxle imsaxurebda samzeoze gamotanas!..
– Tqvens nawarmoebebs mkiTxveli, literaturuli kritika dadebiTad afasebs. . .
– yovelTvis vcdilobdi obieqturi da Tanmimdevruli vyofiliyavi. patriotuli Tematika, maT Soris, kritikuli, Cemi Semoqmedebis amosavalia. araviTari fantastika. istoriul-dokumentur-mxatvruli stili CemTvis mTavari da gadamwyvetia. deteqtiuri konteqstic realisturia. yvela movlena Tu pasaJi konkretul istoriul periodsa da geografiul areals miesadageba. yoveli literaturuli personaJisa Tu gmiris ukan konkretuli adamianebis bedi da cxovrebaa. etyoba, amitomac `mwyalobs~ literaturuli kritika da mkiTxveli.
– ojaxSi 5 Zma, 2 da gaizardeT. qarTul sityvas mxolod Tqven SeeWideT?
– sabednierod, marto me ara – ufrosi Zma – vladimeri, farmaciis mecnierebaTa doqtori, baTumis saxelmwifo universitetis profesori. farmacevtuli kompania `hekates~ generaluri direqtoria. igi 12 wignis, maT Soris, sami saxelmZRvanelos, 25 samecniero naSromisa da 200-ze meti publicisturi werilis avtoria. misi samecniero interesebis sferoa menejmenti, marketingi, farmakoekonomika, farmacevtuli saqmianobis organizacia da ekonomika, administraciuli da socialuri farmacia. gamoirCeva aqtiuri sazogadoebriv-saqvelmoqmedo moRvaweobiT. meore Zma – SoTa, fizika-maTematikis mecnierebaTa doqtori, baTumis saxelmwifo universitetis profesori, 12 wignis, 60-mde samecniero naSromis, 30-mde Tezisisa da 50-ze meti publicisturi statiis avtoria. igi Sps `hekates~ erT-erTi damfuZnebeli da finansuri direqtori, Sps `mmm~-is damfuZnebeli da direqtori, saqarTvelos maTematikosTa kavSiris saTaTbiros wevri, gazeT `Suaxevis~ damfuZnebeli da mudmivi sponsori, cnobili qvelmoqmedi da mecenati gaxldaT. saubedurod, SoTam 2015 wlis ianvarSi migvatova, gadavida zeciur saqarTveloSi. . . danarCen da-Zmebs, ratomRac, qarTul sityvasTan WidilSi Zalebi ar ucdiaT. . .
– qarTveli klasikosebidan vin aris TqvenTvis usayvarlesi?
– CemTvis usayvarlesni arian ilia WavWavaZe, iakob gogebaSvili da konstantine gamsaxurdia. misabaZ mwerlebad miviCnev levan sanikiZes, mixeil javaxiSvils, daviT kldiaSvilsa da nodar dumbaZes, saniSnod – Wabua amirejibsa da levan goTuas. . . ise ki yvela klasikos mweralsa da Semoqmeds didad vafaseb da qeds vixri maTi didaqtikur-aRmzrdelobiTi, SemecnebiT-patriotuli suliskveTebisa da moRvaweobis winaSe.
– ucxoelebidan?
– aleqsandre diuma, daniel defo, servantesi, ernest heminguei, lev tolstoi, fiodor dostoevski. . . sxvac bevri, meSinia, ar gamomrCes. . .
– Semoqmedebas gifaseben, Tqveni nawarmoebebis wardginebac gamarTes. . .
– SemoqmedebiTi saRamo Cem dabadebis dRes miesadaga. igi literaturul-SemecnebiTi akademiuri gaerTianeba `xatimamulis~ gamgeobis organizebiTa da TaosnobiT moewyo. madlobeli var maTi, vinc aqtiuri monawileoba miiRo da mobrZanda am saRamoze. aseT RonisZiebebs didi mniSvneloba aqvs rogorc sazogadoebisTvis, aseve avtorisTvis, misi Semoqmedebis piruTvneli Sefasebis, nawarmoebebis warmoCena-popularizaciisa da farTo mkiTxveli sazogadoebis samsjavroze gatanis TvalsazrisiT.
– saqarTveloSi sxvadasxva saxis literaturuli premia arsebobs. Tu gqoniaT mcdeloba, romelime nawarmoebi premiaze wargedginaT?
– jer ara. aseT saqmeSi piradi iniciativa, ratomRac, uxerxulad mimaCnia. . .sxva saqmea, roca avtoritetuli organizacia an sazogadoebrivi gaerTianeba wargadgens.
– morideba da mokrZaleba zogjer, Zvirad xom ar gifasdebaT?
– `aTasad gvari dafasda, aTiaTasad zrdiloba, Tu kaci kacad ar varga, cudia gvariSviloba~. . . me am principiT micxovria. morideba da mokrZaleba patiosani adamianis ucilo da qcevis saniSno pirobaa. magram Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom dRevandeli sazogadoeba moicva fsevdofaseulobebma da fsevdoRirebulebebma, xolo fsevdoliberaluri midgomebi, sityvis Tavisuflebis principebis araswori aRqma misaRebia, masobrivi informaciis saSualebebi, maT Soris interneti da socialuri qselebi, yovlismomcveli da yvelasTvis xelmisawvdomia, am pirobebSi, es Tvisebebi adamianis qcevis aRsaqmelad da Sesafaseblad naklebmniSvnelovani da naklebsanimuSo gaxda. . . aqtualuria aseve erTi Segoneba: – `sanam Wkviani moifiqrebda, suleli fons gavidao~. . .ki, sakmaod Zvirad mijdeba, xolme. ratomRac es Tvisebebi mavans sisusted da naklebad erudirebulobis gamovlinebad miaCnia, magram guls ar vitex amiT, rameTu ufro brZnuli Segonebac gvaqvs qarTvelebs: `sanTel-sakmeveli Tavis gzas ar dahkargavso~. . .
– romanebSi, moTxrobebSi warmoCenili adamianebi Tavs Tu Seicnoben?
– Tu adamians TviTkritikisa da obieqturi TviTSefasebis unari aqvs, Seicnobs. . . Cemi personaJebis ukan realuri adamianebi dganan, realuri TavgadasavlebiTa da gancdebiT.
– romelime maTganidan gamoxmaureba gqoniaT?
– ara. saerTod, Cveni sazogadoeba naklebad kiTxulobs. . . bevrs ar scalia wignisTvis. televiziiTa da socialuri qselebiT ikmayofilebs cnobis wadils da iqidan Rebulobs misTvis sasargeblo an saWiro informacias!. .
– dawerils pirvelad vis akiTxebT?
– CemTvis avtoritetebs: Zmas – vladimer maxaraZes da Cems TxzulebaTa uRalato da Seucvlel redaqtorebs.
– Semfaseblis azrs ramdenad iziarebT?
– Tu Rirebulia, yovelTvis. yofila SemTxvevebi, zogierTi siuJetic ki Semicvlia, axali Tavebic damimatebia, rameTu Wkviani da keTilismosurne, niWieri adamianis azri yovelTvis misaRebi da gasaTvaliswinebelia. CemTvis ucxoa ampartavneba, sxvisi jansaRi azris gauziarebloba da efemeruli TviTkmayofileba.
– mweralma kritikac unda aitanos. . .
– CemTvis pativsacemma da Rirebulma orma pirovnebam saqmiani rCeva da SeniSvna momca. es, ZiriTadad, orTografiul da gramatikul Secdomebs exeboda. . .
– wuTisoflidan wasuli Zmis – SoTa maxaraZis xsovnas pativi Tu miageT?
– gamoveciT misi naTeli xsovnisadmi miZRvnili wigni – `sicocxle xsovnaSi grZeldeba!~. misi Semdgenel-redaqtoria oTar cinariZe, konsultantebi – vladimeri da akaki, sponsori – zurabi. Zmebma pativgeba ase moviazreT da gamovxateT. . . wignSi Sesulia axloblebisa da kolegebis mogonebebi, werilebi. mgoni, gamogvivida. . .
– mSobliuri maxalakiZeebis istoriuli warsulis jeri rodis mova?
– ukve movida. vmuSaob istoriul romanze – `mareTeli alamdari~. vecdebi Cveni winaprebis sagmiro da sanimuSo saqmeebi, istoriuli qartexilebi, brZola momxdur mterTan da TviTmpyrobelobasTan, aseve adaT-wesebi da cxovrebis sxva aspeqtebi met-naklebad sarwmunod da obieqturad warmovaCino. . . romani moicavs me-19 da me-20 saukuneebis (dasawyisis) periods. aseve, vgegmav, Tanamedroveobas avuwyo fexi!. .
– xom ar gagvimxelT, axla ra romanze muSaobT?
– vamTavreb romans `sisxli sisxlis wil!. .~, romelSic istoriul-deteqtiuri konteqstiT, sazRvris kveTis, Surisgebis mizniT Catarebuli teroristuli aqtis gamoZiebis fonze, gaxsnili da warmoCenili iqneba didebuli mesxeTis tragedia – osmaleTis mier mosaxleobis dapyroba – gamuslimanebisa da 1944 wels mosaxleobis Sua aziaSi gadasaxlebis procesebi.
– merve klasidan samxedro da sxva specializebuli skolebis kursanti iyaviT. qarTuli enis safuZvlian codnas vis umadliT?
– pirvel rigSi, mSoblebs, ufros da-Zmebsa da im wminda, mTiani aWarisTvis damaxasiaTebel, qarTul garemos, sadac gvzrdian qarTulad, vsaubrobT qarTulad, vazrovnebT qarTulad, vswavlobT qarTulad, gviyvars, da Tu gvZuls, isic mxolod qarTulad. aseve, Cems pedagogebs: aleqsandre maxaraZes, dawyebiTi klasebis, Saqro CikvaiZesa da nino doliZes – qarTuli enisa da literaturis maswavleblebs.
– raa mTavari, mSobliuri ena rom ar daikargos?
– amas erTi an ori winadadebiT ver ityvi, ise ki Cems mokrZalebul azrs mogaxsenebT: aucilebelia qarTveli eris patriotuli suliskveTebis SenarCuneba-aRzeveba, erovnuli skolebis gamarTuli muSaoba patriotul-religiuri (marTlmadidebluri) aRzrdis motivirebiT, qarTuli saxelmwifos mmarTveli organoebis mesveurTa saxelmwifoebrivi da erovnuli suliskveTeba, erovnuli azrovneba, midgomebi da Sesabamisi qmedebebi. evropuli civilizaciis Tanaziaroba ar niSnavs erovnuli TavisTavadobisa da TviTmyofadobis daTmoba-dakargvas. Cvens saxelovan winaprebs unda vendoT, maTi brZnuli rCeva-darigebani da Segonebani gaviazroT da davicvaT. `Tu Seni Tavi Sen gaxlavs, Raribad ar ixsenebi~, gvfaravdes ufali!

