,,ჩვენ სამყაროს გენიოსებს ვუზრდით და არ გვაქვს მოდუნების უფლება”
æïîòíï ãïþïòûå 514 22 22 80 –
autizmTan dakavSirebuli ra simptomebis SemTxvevaSi unda mimarTos mSobelma eqims? ra mdgomareobaa am mxriv saqarTveloSi da ra problemas awydeba ojaxi bavSvis baRSi an skolaSi Seyvanisas? – am da sxva aqtualur sakiTxebze `qobuleTis bavSvTa ganviTarebis centris~ qcevis Terapevti marika emiriZe gvesaubreba.
– qalbatono marika, sanam konkretulad autizmis Temas SevexebiT, barem isic gviTxariT, ram ganapiroba Tqveni profesiuli arCevani?
– davibade pedagogebis ojaxSi, ramac didi gavlena moaxdina Cems profesiul arCevanze. moswavleebze uangarod Seyvarebuli Cemi mSoblebi me da Cems debs yovelTvis gvaswavlidnen, rom yoveli bavSvi gansakuTrebulia, yovel maTganSi aris Zlieri da susti mxareebi, Zlieri unariT unda gauRviZo da gauZliero susti mxare. maxsovs, dedaCems specialuri saWiroebis mqone moswavle hyavda da arasodes damaviwydeba, ramxela Sromas debda im patara gogonas ganviTarebaSi. maSin dedaCemma SeZlo da mizans miaRwia. me ki skolis ardadegebi imis gamo mixaroda, rom Cems deidaSvilTan wavidodi, romelsac cerebruli dambla hqonda. vfiqrob, Cemi arCevani maSin ufro ganvimtkice. amitom, 2016 wels, ilias saxelmwifo universitetSi gaviare kursi qcevis gamoyenebiT analizSi, imave wels daviwye muSaoba `qobuleTis bavSvTa ganviTarebis centrSi~ qcevis Terapevtad.
– ras ewodeba autizmis speqtris aSliloba?
– autizmis speqtris aSlilobebi (SemdgomSi – autizmi) ewodeba im mdgomareobas, romlisTvisac damaxasiaTebelia reciprokuli socializaciis da socialuri komunikaciis Tvisebrivi cvlileba, SezRuduli interesebi, rigiduli da ganmeorebadi qceva, cvlilebebisadmi rezistentoba.
– ra aris da rodis vlindeba autizmi?
– autizmi aris ganviTarebis aSliloba simptomebiT, romlebic gamoCndeba sicocxlis pirveli sami wlis ganmavlobaSi. misi oficialuri diagnostikuri saxelia autizmis speqtris aSliloba. sityva `speqtri~ miuTiTebs imaze, rom autizmi Cndeba sxvadasxva formiT, simZimis sxvadasxva doniT. es niSnavs, rom autizmis mqone TiToeuli adamiani ganicdis sakuTar unikalur siZlieres, simptomebs da gamowvevebs.
– autizmis specifikuri niSnebis garda, kidev ra problemebi SeiZleba gamovlindes?
– specifikuri niSnebis garda, SesaZloa, gamovlindes samedicino, sensoruli, kognituri, enisa da metyvelebis, emociuri da qcevis problemebi. maT Sorisaa rutinis saWiroeba, Zilisa da kvebis darRveva, sxva adamianebis survilebis, grZnobebisa da azrebis gagebisa da gaTvaliswinebis sirTule, TviTdamazianebeli an agresiuli, rTuli qceva, fsiqikuri janmrTelobis iseTi problemebi, rogoricaa SfoTva, depresia, yuradRebis koncentraciis darRveva. autizmi umravles SemTxvevaSi grZeldeba mTeli sicocxlis ganmavlobaSi da misi niSnebi mniSvnelovan gavlenas axdens autizmis mqone piris, misi ojaxisa da mzrunvelis cxovrebis xarisxze, zrdis maT socialur mowyvladobas.
– rodis SeiZleba gaxdes mSoblisTvis TvalsaCino autizmis diagnozi?
– autizmisTvis damaxasiaTebeli qceva klinikurad adreul asakSi vlindeba, magram SesaZlebelia, garemos cvlilebisas, magaliTad, skolamdeli aRzrdis dawesebulebaSi Seyvanisas gaxdes TvalsaCino. klinikuri suraTi gansxvavebulia da damokidebulia autizmis simZimeze, Tanmxleb darRvevebsa da kognitur unarebze. aseve, asakis matebasTan, garemos cvlilebasa da axal moTxovnebTan, intervenciasa da Tanmxleb darRvevebTan erTad icvleba autizmis klinikuri gamovlena.
– ramdeni diagnostikuri kategoria aqvs autizmis speqtris aSlilobebs?
– aSlilobebs miekuTvneba 4 diagnostikuri kategoria: bavSvTa autizmi, atipuri autizmi, aspergeris sindromi da ganviTarebis zogadi aSliloba, dauzustebeli.
– ra aris bavSvTa autizmi?
– is aris ganviTarebis zogadi aSlilobis iseTi tipi, romlis drosac ganviTarebis anomalia an darRveva vlindeba 3 wlis asakamde, aRiniSneba socialuri urTierTobebis, komunikaciis siZneleebi, SezRuduli, stereotipuli, ganmeorebadi qcevebi da interesebi. am specifikur niSnebs Tan erTvis araspecifikuri niSnebic, rogoricaa: fobiebi, Zilisa da kvebis darRveva, mrisxanebis afeqti, agresia da sxvebi.
– ra gansxvavebaa atipur autizmsa da bavSvTa autizms Soris?
– atipuri autizmi gansxvavdeba bavSvTa autizmisgan dawyebis asakiT an ar akmayofilebs autizmis danarCen diagnostikur kriteriums. am kategoriis dros autizmisTvis damaxasiaTebeli niSnebi 3 wlis Semdeg vlindeba da, aseve, arasakmarisadaa gamomJRavnebuli samive sferos fsiqopaTologiuri maxasiaTeblebi: socialuri urTierTobebis, komunikaciis siZneleebi da SezRuduli, stereotipuli, ganmeorebiTi qcevebi da interesebi.
– ra axasiaTebs aspergeris sindroms?
– socialuri urTierTobebis iseTi Tvisebrivi darRvevebi, rac damaxasiaTebelia autizmisTvis. aq, aseve, vlindeba stereotipuli da ganmeorebadi qcevebi da interesebi. autizmisgan gansxvavebiT, aspergeris sindromis SemTxvevaSi ar aRiniSneba enisa da metyvelebis an kognituri sferos ganviTarebis Seferxeba, xolo ganviTarebis zogadi aSliloba, dauzustebelis kriteriumia, aseve, ganviTarebis CamorCena, autizmis niSnebiTa da kognituri problemebiT. am dros gamovlenili niSnebi ver akmayofilebs atipur autizms an aspergeris sindroms.
– rogoria autizmis zogadi niSnebi 12 Tveze naklebi asakis bavSvebSi?
– ar gamoxatavs interess saxeebis mimarT; ar giyurebT TvalebSi; ar iRimeba da SeiZleba Candes, rom Tqven miRma iyureba; yovelTvis ar reagirebs xmebze; ar abrunebs Tavs misi saxelis gagonebisas; ar ainteresebs, saidan modis xma da ar eSinia uecari Zlieri xmauris, amavdroulad, sxva situaciebSi mas kargad esmis; ar moswons Caxuteba an Sexeba; ar ainteresebs bavSvuri tipuri TamaSebi, magaliTad `Wita~; ar gamoscems bgerebs da arc laparakis sxva adreul niSnebs aCvenebs; ar iyenebs Jestebs; ar gamogiwvdiT xelebs, roca Caxuteba unda.
– autizmis zogadi niSnebi – 12-24 Tvemde asakis bavSvebSi. . .
– ar iyenebs Jestebs; ar aqnevs Tavs Tanxmobis an uaris niSnad; ar gemSvidobebaT xelis daqneviT da ar miganiSnebT TiTiT sasurvel saganze; 16 TvisTvis ar ambobs sityvebs, xolo 24 TvisTvis – orsityvian winadadebebs; ar miaqvs saCveneblad sxvadasxva sagani mSoblebTan, magaliTad, axali saTamaSoebi; verbaluri an socialuri unarebis dakargva; adre RuRunebda an ramdenime sityvas laparakobda, an xalxisadmi interess gamoxatavda, axla ki ara; xalxisgan Sors iWers Tavs da sakuTar samyaroSi cxovrobs; dadis fexis TiTebze an saerTod ar dadis.
– autizmis niSnebi – 2 welze ufrosi asakis bavSvebisTvis. . .
– aqvs metyvelebis Seferxeba; uWirs sakuTari saWiroebebis gamoxatva; saerTod ver laparakobs an uars ambobs saubarze; aqvs laparakis uCveulo manera, magaliTad, imeorebs sityvebs, laparakobs zedmetad dabali an maRali xmiT; SeiZleba gaimeoros kiTxva pasuxis gacemis nacvlad; ise Cans, TiTqos ar esmis, ras eubnebian; SeiZleba, ver upasuxos Tavis saxels an ver SeZlos miTiTebebis Sesruleba; tiris, icinis an yviris umizezod; mTel yuradRebas ramdenime sagans an konkretul nawils uTmobs, magaliTad, manqanis borbals; warmosaxviTi an socialuri TamaSis unarebi daqveiTebuli aqvs; iSviaTad gbaZavs imaSi, rasac akeTeb da ar moswons `viTom-viTom~ TamaSebi; marto TamaSi urCevnia, xSirad ar interesdeba bavSvebiT da Tavs aridebs maT; mijaWvulia konkretul rutinebsa da ritualebze; ar uyvars gegmebis areva, es mis tantrums an sasowarkveTilebas iwvevs; aradaniSnulebisamebr iyenebs sagnebsa da saTamaSoebs; izianebs sakuTar Tavs; aqvs ganmeorebadi qceva; zedmetad mgrZnobiarea sxvadasxva stimulaciis mimarT, magaliTad, SeiZleba gaaRizianos sunma da uari Tqvas Wamaze; SeiZleba eSinodes imis, rac araa saSiSi da piriqiT, ver xvdebodes saxifaTo mdgomareobas, magaliTad, mas SeiZleba eSinodes iseTi uvnebeli sagnis, rogoricaa buSti, magram ar SeeSindes simaRlis; aqvs Zilis darRveva; autizmis mqone bevr bavSvs uWirs daZineba da xSirad iRviZebs RamiT an diliT Zalian adre; avlens qcevis problemebs.
– Tqven mier zemoT CamoTvlili simptomebidan Tu mxolod erTi aReniSneba bavSvs, ra xdeba am SemTxvevaSi?
– mSoblebma unda gaiTvaliswinon, rom TiToeuli bavSvi individualurad viTardeba da mxolod 1 simptomi ar niSnavs autizmis diagnozs!
– aWaris janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministros aqvs Tu ara programebi autizmis speqtris darRvevebis mqone bavSvebisTvis?
– ki, aWaris janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministro autizmis speqtris darRvevebis mqone bavSvebs yovelTviurad 20-saaTiani vauCeriT afinansebs. 20 saaTi gadanawilebulia Semdegnairad: 12 samuSao saaTi qceviTi Terapia, xolo darCenili 8 samuSao saaTi beneficiaris saWiroebisamebr gadanawildeba sxva TerapevtTan, es iqneba fizikur TerapevtTan, metyvelebis TerapevtTan Tu sxva. Tuki bavSvTan ar aris saWiro metyvelebis Terapevtis an sxva Terapiis CarTva, igi srul 20-saaTian momsaxurebas Rebulobs qceviT Terapiaze, Tumca problemas awydeba dRes ojaxi bavSvis baRSi an skolaSi Seyvanisas, radgan arc baRSi da arc skolaSi ar an ver xorcieldeba Cveni bavSvebisTvis saWiro momsaxureba. yvelaze cudi faqtia, roca mSobels uwevs baRSi mosmena maswavleblisgan, rom ar icis, rogor imuSaos mis SvilTan, radgan jer msgavsi gamocdileba ar hqonia. marTalia, rTulia, roca 30-40-bavSvian jgufSi erT bavSvs sWirdeba gansakuTrebuli yuradReba, magram unda SevZloT! maSin rodesac ar aris piradi asistentis `fufuneba~, gvapatios baRebis gaerTianebam da konkretulma baRebmac, magram Cven baRSi siaruli, bavSvebTan CarTuloba gvWirdeba. yovel dRes Zalian didi mniSvneloba aqvs, amitom arc erTma mSobelma ar ifiqros, rom am erTxel ar miviyvan baRSi\skolaSi, am erTxel gavacdenineb da a.S. im erT dResac gadamwyveti mniSvneloba aqvs, dedebo. iqneb ufro meti gulisyuriT mivudgeT am sakiTxs. bavSvebis Terapiaze tareba dafinansebulia aWaris jandacvis saministros mier da vfiqrob, TveSi 20 sesia ar aris cudi, magram iqneb izrunos vinmem, rom am bavSvebma baRSi Tu skolaSi SeZlon sruli dRis gatareba ise, rom dedebi ar iyvnen datvirTulebi amiT. mSobels sWirdeba gantvirTva! ar vambob, rom Svili dedas Rlis, bezrdeba da ase Semdeg. magram bavSvebi unda atarebdnen skolaSi garkveul dros dedis gareSe da meorec, dedebic adamianebi arian da maTac sWirdebaT Sesveneba!
– ra aris saWiro sasurveli Sedegis misaRebad?
– 8-wlianma samuSao gamocdilebam maCvena, rom autisturi speqtris aSlilobis mqone bavSvebi geniosebi arian! radgan TiToeuli maTgani aris gansakuTrebuli niWiT dajildoebuli, romlis aRmoCenasa da ganviTarebas specialistisa da ojaxis erToblivi, dauRalavi muSaoba sWirdeba. merwmuneT, yvelaze rTuli qcevis mqone bavSvSic aris genialuri niWi da Tuki romelime maTganma ver gamoavlina es, ara imitom, rom ar aqvs gansakuTrebuli unari, aramed imitom, rom masTan ar midis samuSao procesi sworad! specialists muSaoba ara mxolod beneficiarTan, aramed mis ojaxTan da, rogorc wesi, gansakuTrebiT, dedasTan uwevs, radgan bavSvis ukan Zlieri ojaxi unda idges, Zlieri ara fizikurad an finansurad, aramed fsiqologiurad. ojaxs sworad unda miewodos informacia bavSvis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, maT unda icodnen, rom es `dasasruli~ ar aris, rogorc xSirad aRniSnaven axalbeda dedebi, roca diagnozi es-esaa gaiges. Cven bevri cnobili adamiani viciT, romelsac aqvs autizmis diagnozi. yovelTvis vambobdi da vityvi, maT es xom SeZles? Cvenc SevZlebT! mTavaria situaciis sworad Sefaseba, swori gegmis dasaxva da am dagegmil gzaze svlisas ojaxis aqtiuri CarTuloba. mSobels unda axsovdes, sad dgas da saiTken miiswrafis Tavis patarasTan erTad. ar vambob, rom es gza martivia. vgulisxmob, rom es mxolod ramdenimeTviani gza ar aris, magram dazustebiT SemiZlia giTxraT, rom miznamde aucileblad miva TiToeuli maTgani! mTavaria, ar SeCerdnen, farxmali ar dayaron da, rac yvelaze rTuli da mniSvnelovania, arasodes mousminon sxvis zurgs ukan Calaparakebul replikebs.
– mSoblebis pirveli reaqcia, rodesac Svilis diagnozs gebuloben? ra ufro aSinebT, Svilis mdgomareoba Tu sazogadoebis damokidebuleba?
– axalbeda mSoblebis pirveli reaqcia ganpirobebulia imiT, Tu rogor miawodes Svilis mdgomareoba. es ara mxolod fsiqologi, ara mxolod specialisti da nevrologi, aramed sxva adamianic SeiZleba iyos, magaliTad, baRis aRmzrdel-maswavlebeli, skolis pedagogi, ZiZa… radgan aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac deda ver amCnevs Svilis qcevebSi darRvevebs da amas ucxo Tvali amCnevs, an deda ver imetebs Svils, rom aRiaros bavSvis mdgomareoba. SemTxvevaTa 90 procents mainc hgonia, rom es `dasasrulia~, rom mas aRaraferi eSveleba, rom maT Tavs saSineleba xdeba. xSiria SemTxveva, roca sesiaze bavSvi tiris, radgan sasurvels ver Rebulobs moTxovnis/Txovnis gareSe, an aqvs TviTdamazianebeli qceva da am dros gareT deda iRvreba cremlad. adamiani emociisgan unda daicalos, itiros, iyviros, icinos, magram es unda daasrulos. yoveldRiuri tiriliT deda Svils ver daexmareba. nebismier bavSvs sWirdeba fexze myarad mdgari deda, am SemTxvevaSi ki depresiis ufleba dedas, ubralod, ar aqvs.
– am rTul gzaze ramdenad arian mamebi CarTulni da meuRleebs rogor udganan gverdSi?
– xSirad vaxseneb dedas, Tumca arasdros mixsenebia mama. iSviaTad naxavT centris foieSi momlodine mamas – bavSvebi yovelTvis dedebs dahyavT Terapiaze. aseT dros mSoblebs gadanawilebuli aqvT funqciebi, mama – muSaobs, SvilTan ki deda aris, magram es ar aris kargi, radgan bavSvis aRzrdasa da ganviTarebaSi orive mSobeli Tanabrad unda iyos CarTuli. mamebs rom SeeZloT gaiazron, Tu ramdenad rTuli gzis gavla uwevT TavianT meuRleebs yoveldRiurad… samarSuto taqsis lodinisas gaRizianebuli bavSvi, viRacis daJinebuli mzeriT gaRizianebuli Svilis damSvideba ise, rom dedam im viRacas iseTi araferi Sehkadros, `nerviul qalad~ Seracxon, wvima, qari, mze da romeli erTi CamovTvalo. bebia-babuebi `daTvuri samsaxuriT~ Zalian didi xelisSemSleli barieria ojaxSi. bavSvma oRond ar itiros da yvelafers usruleben erTi Tavis daqneviT, maSin rodesac specialisti da deda kviraobiT muSaoben. Cveni centris mSoblebs minda vuTxra, rom Tqven, yvelani erTad da TiToeuli cal-calke, Zalian meamayebiT, Tqven yvelaze Zlieri dedebi xarT am samyaroSi, Tqven samyaros patara geniosebis mSoblebi xarT da arasodes danebdeT! Cven samyaros geniosebs vuzrdiT da ar gvaqvs modunebis ufleba!
– Tqveni praqtikidan gamomdinare da dakvirvebiT, Cvens sazogadoebas am diagnozis mimarT ramdenad aqvs mimRebloba?
– sazogadoebac did rols TamaSobs mSoblebis emociuri fonis gauaresebaSi. imis gamo, rom misi Svili `gauzrdelad~ ar Seracxos mezobelma, naTesavma, xSirad saxlSi ketaven da arsad dahyavT. Cemi samuSao praqtikidan gamovlenili situaciebiT Tu vimsjelebT, mSoblebis 50 procenti bavSvis mdgomareobas gaurbis/ar aRiarebs, 50 procenti ki sazogadoebis damokidebulebas. gare sivrceSi ucxo adamianebis mier gakeTebuli komentarebi mSobels aRizianebs, ukargavs brZolis stimuls da ase Semdeg. samwuxaroa, magram Cvens sazogadoebaSi jer kidev ar ician am diagnozos Sesaxeb. 2 aprils Catarebuli RonisZiebebiT mxolod bavSvebi iReben informacias, didebSi es problema jer kidev aris! samwuxaroa is faqti, rom dedas samarSuto taqsiSi, bazarsa Tu quCaSi, Svilis qcevebis marTvisas, sazogadoebis komenatarebis mosmena da maTze pasuxis gacema uwevs. yovelTvis vurCev Cems mSoblebs, maqsimalurad Seecadon, ar CaerTon msgavs debatebSi. arasodes mousminoT sxvis azrs, roca saqme Tqveni Svilebis qcevas exeba. rTulia, magram unda SeZloT obieqtis ise datoveba, rom Tqveni Svilis TandaswrebiT ar mogixdeT konkretul Temebze saubari, aseve rTulia, magram Tqven valdebulni xarT, iyoT Zlieri da ar SeaferxoT Tqveni svla sxvebis mier wamosrolili sityvis gamo. miuxedavad Zalian bevri sirTulisa da dabrkolebisa, Cven mainc win miviwevT. marTalia, xan kus nabijebiT da xanac swrafi svliT, magram mTavaria, rom miznisken mivdivarT.
