ზურაბ მახარაძე: შრომას, ადრე თუ გვიან, შედეგი მოაქვს
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mzia gogaZe, levan kilaZe da axla ukve zurab maxaraZe – es sameuli Suaxevidan saqarTvelos damsaxurebuli maswavleblis wodebas atarebs. zurabs sapatio wodeba maswavleblis erovnul dRes mieniWa. igi maxalakiZeebis sajaro skolaSi qarTul enasa da literaturas aswavlis. profesiasa da qveyanaze Seyvarebuli pedagogi intervius Cawerisas gulaxdili da obieqturi iyo
– batono zurab, saidan daiwyeT da rogor grZeldeba Tqveni pedagogiuri moRvaweoba?
– 1991 wlidan dRemde pedagogiur saqmianobas vewevi mSobliur sofel maxalakiZeebSi, vaswavli qarTul enasa da literaturas. vcdilob, ise warvmarTo muSaoba, rom warmatebis momtani iyos rogorc aRsazrdelebisTvis, aseve, CemTvis, es ki mudmivi siaxlis ZiebiT miiRweva, moiTxovs Tavdauzogav Sromas. marto gakveTili sakmarisi araa, erTferovneba mosawyeni xdeba. amitomac aqcenti gavakeTe siaxleebiT savse, moswavleTa interesebsa da SesaZleblobebze morgebul gakveTilebze. moswavleTa saskolo proeqtebSi CarTva, kvleviTi da SemoqmedebiTi unarebis gasaviTareblad saskolo konferenciebis Catareba, warmatebul moswavleTa namuSevrebis gatana raionul, regionalur da respublikur konferenciebze Cemi muSaobis Tanmdevi gaxda, miRweuli warmateba ki stimuls aZlevs sxva moswavleebs. miRweuli Sedegebis analiziT vsaxav axal aqtivobebs, romlebic exmareba moswavleebs axali unarebis gamomuSavebaSi. albaT, aman ganapiroba, rom Cemi moswavleebi TiTqmis yovelwliurad monawileoben olimpiadebsa da SemoqmedebiT konferenciebSi, imsaxureben pirveli da meore xarisxis diplomebs. mec vecnobi axal literaturas da Cems gamocdilebas vuziareb kolegebs samecniero-praqtikul konferenciebze, risTvisac dajildoebuli var saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros, moswavleTa axalgazrduli saxlisa da resurscentris sigelebiTa da madlobis furcliT. 2005 wels gavimarjve konkursSi `wlis saukeTeso qarTuli enisa da literaturis maswavlebeli~. CemTvis yvelaze didi jildo moswavleTa warmatebebia, rac maxarebs da stimuls maZlevs.
– iakob gogebaSvili maswavleblobas maRal da wminda Tanamdebobad Tvlida. swored, am didi qarTvelis dabadebis dRes gadmogecaT sapatio jildo. raa saWiro, rom iyo srulyofili maswavlebeli da es wodeba ataro?
– gogebaSvilis roli didia qarTuli pedagogiuri azrovnebis istoriaSi. is uangarod emsaxureboda qarTvel xalxs. mis mier Sedgenilma saxelmZRvaneloebma aRzarda mTeli Taobebi, romelTac saqarTvelos istoria Seqmnes. amitom gamarTlebulad mimaCnia saqarTvelos mTavrobisa da ganaTlebis ministris erToblivi ZalisxmeviT miRebuli gadawyvetileba – gogebaSvilis dabadebis dRe – 27 oqtomberi, maswavlebelTa erovnul dRed gamocxadda. sasixaruloa, rom swored sasiqadulo mamuliSvilis dabadebis dRes gadmomeca damsaxurebuli maswavleblis jildo. es kidev ufro met pasuxismgeblobas makisrebs da mavalebs, mTeli ZaliTa da energiiT vakeTo is saqme, rasac momavali Taobis aRzrda hqvia. Cvenzea damokidebuli Cveni momavlis bedi. rogor pirovnebasac aRvzrdiT, imgvari momavali gveqneba. rogorc mebaRe yvavilis gamrudebul ylortebs swor mimarTulebas aZlevs, aseve, maswavlebelma swori mimarTulebiT unda waiyvanos moswavlis aRzrda. 21-e saukune teqnologiebis ganviTarebis saukunea. moswavleebi maT unda daeuflon, magram ar dagvaviwydes, rom momavali Taoba wignieri da erovnuli tradiciebis damfasebeli, patrioti, Sromismoyvare da toleranti unda iyos. amgvari Taoba rom aRzardo, Tavad unda iyo wignieri, tradiciebis damfasebeli, patrioti, Sromismoyvare.
– maT rigebSi xarT, vinc skolaSi iakob gogebaSvilis `dedaenis~ dabrunebisTvis ibrZodiT. . .
– viyavi da viqnebi maTi mowinaaRmdege, vinc gogebaSvilis `dedaenis~ rolis dakninebas cdilobda da cdilobs axlac. daasaxeleT masze ukeTesi! jerjerobiT, ar aris da albaT, arc iqneba. axla mTavaria, viswavloT misi fasi, davufasoT amagi da madloba gadavuxadoT uangaro msaxurebisTvis.
– im sajaro skolaSi muSaobT, romelic qveynis erTianobisa da damoukideblobisTvis brZolaSi daRupuli fridon maxaraZis saxels atarebs. am etapze raa mTavari, rom qveyanam damoukidebloba SeinarCunos da dakarguli teritoriebis dabruneba SeZlos?
– CemTvis saamayoa, rom im skolaSi vaswavli, sadac fridoni aRizarda. is Cveni qveynis erTianobisa da damoukideblobisaTvis brZolas Seewira. amgvari adamianebi yovelTvis Segvaxseneben TavianTi cxovrebiT, rom, pirvel rigSi, qveyanam damoukidebloba unda SeinarCunos. amasTan erTad, erTi wuTiTac ar unda dagvaviwydes, rom mkerdmoWril saqarTvelos gamTlianeba sWirdeba, dakargul teritoriebs – dabruneba. me optimisti var da mjera, rom SevZlebT amas, SevZlebT, rom erTi droSis qveS gaverTiandeT afxazebi da osebi, magram amas dros Wirdeba. erTmaneTis siyvaruli da erToba Tu iqneba, vfiqrob, amas veraferi aRudgeba win. vinatreb, rom daviviwyoT piraduli, eri gaxdes erTsulovani da siyvaruliT vaSenoT saqarTvelo.
– ra formebsa da meTodebs iyenebT swavlebaSi?
– rogorc erTi rigiTi qarTveli, vcdilob, qarTuli enis popularizacias, mis dacvasa da gafrTxilebas. enis siyvarulis, dacvisa da movla-patronobis grZnobis gamosamuSaveblad vatareb RonisZiebebs: `o, enav Cemo~, saRamoebs, konkurss qarTul anbanze, kaligrafiaze, dedaenisadmi miZRvnil saskolo konferenciebs da ase Semdeg. amgvari RonisZiebebiT vcdilob, gamovumuSavo enisadmi mzrunveli damokidebuleba moswavleebs. maT unda icodnen, rom ena Cveni saunjea da mas movla-patronoba sWirdeba.
– ramdenad misaRebi iyo enis damcveli struqturebis xelis erTi mosmiT gauqmeba?
– es CemTvis miuRebelia. vfiqrob, am struqturebis muSaoba, garkveulwilad, xels uwyobda enis normebis dacvas. amboben, rac ufro meti leqsikuri erTeulia enaSi, ena miT ufro mdidaria, magram es ar niSnavs imas, rom Cvens enaSi SemovitanoT da davamkvidroT iseTi sityvebi, romlis Semcvleli leqsikuri erTeuli arsebobs, an kidev Cveni enis sityvebi CavanacvloT barbarizmebiT. gulsatkenia, rom presaSi, radiosa da televiziaSi zogierTi Jurnalisti iyenebs neologizmebsa da barbarizmebs, yoveldRiurobaSi amis araerTi magaliTia. vfiqrob, saxelmwifom unda miiRos iseTi kanoni, romelic gaakontrolebs da reagirebas moaxdens amaze. ise, yoveli Cvenganis valia enis siwmindis dacva.
– saskolo saxelmZRvaneloebis xSir cvlilebas rogor eguebiT?
– swavlebis erTiani uwyveti formiT warmarTvas, ra Tqma unda, xels uSlis saxelmZRvaneloebis xSiri cvla. TviT maswavleblisTvis amas SesaZloa, mniSvneloba ar aqvs, raTa man sagani unda icodes da misTvis azri ar unda hqondes, romeli saxelmZRvaneloTi aswavlis. erovnuli saswavlo gegma erTia, erTnair moTxovnebs unda akmayofilebdes yvela saxelmZRvanelo, magram cudia bavSvisTvis, roca erTiT iwyebs swavlas da moulodnelad, sxva enacvleba. amgvar SemTxvevaSi irRveva Tanmimdevruli swavleba da Sedegic cudia.
– isev da isev ar Cans saswavlo saxelmZRvaneloebSi aWaraSi moRvawe mwerlebisa da poetebis nawarmoebebi. . .
– veTanxmebi im mosazrebas, rom saskolo saxelmZRvaneloebi ver moicavs yvela poetisa Tu mwerlis Semoqmedebas, magram saqarTvelos yvela kuTxis gasacnobad saskolo saxelmZRvaneloebSi unda iyos warmodgenili ramdenime poetisa Tu mwerlis Sedevri, romelic moswavleebs warmodgenas Seuqmnis mTliani saqarTvelos Sesaxeb. aWaraSi, ise rogorc sxva kuTxeSi, gvyavs adamianebi, romelTa SemoqmedebiTac aRizrdeba Taobebi.
– Tqveni gzamkvlevi cxovrebaSi?
– CemTvis cxovreba yvelaze didi maswavlebelia. ganvlili gzis gaazreba mexmareba momavlis sworad dagegmvaSi. magram amave dros, rogorc yvela adamians, mec myavs gamorCeuli Wkuis maswavlebeli – baTumis SoTa rusTavelis saxelobis universitetis profesori, aw gansvenebuli SoTa maxaraZe. Cemi SemoqmedebiTi unarebis pirveli Semfasebeli is iyo. misgan viswavle uxmod da didi rudunebiT saqmis keTeba, sanacvlos moTxovnis gareSe. mec rogorc didi vaJa ityoda, `mudam vkowiwob, vCuCuneb~, raTa davtovo patara kvali, romelic viRacas aucileblad gamoadgeba cxovrebaSi.
– saintereso publikaciebisa da kritikuli werilebis avtori maT wignad gamocemas xom ar apirebT?
– wera miyvars. iyo dro, roca vTanamSromlobdi gazeTebis redaqciebTan da vaqveynebdi saintereso publikaciebs. maqvs gamokvlevebi soflis istoriaze, toponimebze, eTnografiul da folklorul sakiTxebze, sofelSi mcxovreb gvarTa Sesaxeb, agreTve uamravi statia profesiul muSaobasTan dakavSirebiT – magram arasdros mifiqria maTi wignad gamocema. axalgazrdobaSi leqsebsac vwerdi, Tumca saqmed ar miqcevia. albaT, dadgeba dro, roca davapireb maT gamocemas.
– moswavleTa patriotuli suliskveTebiT aRzrdas ra rols aniWebT?
– qveynis damoukideblobis dacva, erovnuli faseulobebis gafrTxileba yvela moqalaqis valia. amitom, skola da maswavleblebi yvelafers unda akeTebdnen moswavleTa patriotuli suliskveTebiT aRzrdisaTvis. Cemi azriT, sazogadoebriv mecnierebaTa da qarTuli enis maswavleblebs gvmarTebs am kuTxiT yvelaze meti muSaoba. Tavad unda viyoT patriotebi, erovnuli faseulobebis damcvelebi, rom bavSvebs vaswavloT da gamovumuSaoT samSoblos siyvarulis grZnoba. patriotoba saqmiT warmoCndeba da ara sityviT. es Cveni skolis aRzrdilma aTobiT axalgazrdam daamtkica saqmiT 2008 wels.
– ras urCevdiT axalbeda kolegebs?
– pirvel rigSi, daeuflon mecnierul codnas saganSi, iSromon, mudmivad ifiqron profesiul daostatebaze, gaecnon siaxleebs da gaiziaron kolegebis gamocdileba, gakveTili gaxadon saintereso, raTa bavSvebma mousminon. sjerodeT, Sromas, adre Tu gvian, Sedegi moaqvs.
