უმნიშვნელოვანესი საპარლამენტო არჩევნების მოლოდინში
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Semodgomaze saqarTvelos proporciuli sistemiT arCeuli parlamenti eyoleba, rac mniSvnelovani movlenaa Cveni qveynis istoriaSi. rogorc cnobilia, xelisuflebis da opoziciis SeTanxmebis safuZvelze, maJoritaruli sistema gauqmda. es mocemuloba, garkveulwilad, opoziciuri speqtris wisqvilze asxams wyals parlamentSi moxvedris TvalsazrisiT, cxadia, 5-procentiani barieris daZlevis SemTxvevaSi. Tumca, unda iTqvas, rom jerjerobiT opozicia saTanado simaRleze ar dgas. `nacmoZraobaSi~ ganviTarebuli movlenebi amis dasturia. partiebi TiTqmis CaerTnen saarCevno maraTonSi. . . ra gamowvevebis daZleva mouwevs xelisuflebas uaxloes momavalSi, ramdenad gamoxataven partiebi xalxis interesebs, rogori iqneba ZalTa gadanawileba axal parlamentSi? am da sxva aqtualur sakiTxebze vesaubrebiT sajaro mmarTvelobis doqtors, bsu-is leqtor giga fartenaZes.
– batono giga, rogor daaxasiaTebdiT Cvens qveyanaSi mimdinare procesebs, ra aspeqtebs gamoyofdiT?
– miuxedavad imisa, rom oqtombris arCevnebamde darCenilia 10 Tve, 2024 wlis ianvridan qveyanaSi arsebuli politikuri dRis wesrigi srulad daitvirTa Semodgomaze gasamarTi saparlamento arCevnebisTvis mzadebiT, rac xazs usvams mis mniSvnelobas da gansakuTrebulobas.
faqtobrivad, bolo dros ganviTarebuli politikuri procesebi (sxvadasxva politikuri partiis liderTa vizitebi da Sexvedrebi regionebSi, sazogadoebisTvis kargad nacnobi saxeebis politikaSi wasvla, saerTo opoziciuri koaliciis Seqmnis mcdelobebi, `qarTul ocnebaSi~ sakadro cvlilebebi da a.S.) miuTiTebs swored imaze, rom yvela politikuri subieqti ukve aqtiurad CaerTo saarCevno maraTonSi. vfiqrob, politikuri dRis wesrigi kidev ufro gaxurdeba, daitvirTeba da bevri saintereso procesis momswreni gavxdebiT.
– yofili premier–ministris gadadgomam azrTa sxvaoba gamoiwvia, ras ityviT amis Taobaze ?
– spekulaciebisgan da „albaTobis“ Teoriebisgan Tavs Sevikaveb, Tumca mimaCnia, rom nebismier saparlamento demokratiaSi rac ufro xSiria pirveli pirebis rotacia, miT ufro efeqturi da Sedegebze orientirebulia Tavad mmarTvelic da procesic. rac Seexeba azrTa sxvadasxvaobas premier-ministris SecvlasTan dakavSirebiT, vfiqrob, es nebismieri pirveli piris cvlilebas Tan mosdevs, Tumca erTia sazogadoebas arwmunebde da xazs usvamde lideris efeqturobas, xolo meorea am yvelafris fonze is tovebdes Tanamdebobas. es igivea, rom SecvaloT fexburTis mwvrTneli maSin, roca amas arc Sedegebi moiTxovs da arc Tavad Seni gundi, es tovebs garkveul SekiTxvebs. . .
– opoziciis azriT, mmarTvel partiaSi Sida dapirispirebaa, kobaxiZis gundma Caanacvla RaribaSvilis gundi, ras fiqrobT?
– rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, rotacia iqneba, Zvelis axliT Canacvleba Tu nebismieri sxva kombinacia, rac xels uwyobs gundis gadaxalisebas, gamarTlebuli da kargia. opoziciis am damokidebulebas SeiZleba vupovoT erTi axsna, magram mimaCnia, rom mTlad isec ar aris saqme, rogorc amas Tavad amboben. ras niSnavs axali lideri da axali sisxli? Ees, wesiT, unda niSnavdes ganaxlebul, gadaxalisebul gunds, romelic lideris mier dasaxuli misiis, miznebis da amocanebis Sesrulebas Seasxams xorcs. ra miviReT Cven? dReis monacemebiT, gveyoleba axali premier-ministri da TiTqmis ucvleli ministrTa kabineti (mxolod Tavdacvis ministri icvleba). SegviZlia vTqvaT, rom diax, irakli kobaxiZis gundis gaZlierebas vxedavT (parlamentis Tavmjdomare misive gundis wevria, Tavad ki premierministrobis kandidati da a.S.), magram, modiT, sxva kuTxidan SevxedoT procesebs da davsvaT SekiTxva – am sakadro cvlilebiT xom ar moxda irakli kobaxiZis gundis ufro dasusteba, vidre gaZliereba? am kiTxvas badebs is, rom saparlamento/sakanonmdeblo procesebidan is gadainacvlebs aRmasrulebelSi ise, rom, faqtobrivad, im ministrTa kabinetTan mouwevs muSaoba, romlis wevrebic wina premieris ndobiT sargeblobdnen.
– mmarTvelobas yovelTvis axlavs garkveuli problemebi, Cvens xelisuflebas ra gamowvevebis daZleva mouwevs uaxloes periodSi, rogorc saSinao ise sagareo politikis TvalsazrisiT?
– dRes mmarTveli gundis winaSe dgas evrokomisiis mier gacemuli, savaldebulod Sesasrulebeli 9 rekomendacia, romelic gansazRvravs Cveni qveynis rogorc saSinao, ise sagareo politikur dRis wesrigs da amas emateba Tavisufal da mSvid garemoSi Casatarebeli 2024 wlis saparlamento arCevnebi. ar Secvlila Tavad mmarTveli gundi (Tu ar CavTvliT Tavdacvis ministrs), Seicvala mxolod ministrTa kabinetis xelmZRvaneli da mas isev im gamowvevebTan mouwevs gamklaveba, romlebsac sruliad saqarTvelo da evropul institutebSi Cveni qveynis evrointegraciis mxardamWeri liderebi elian.
– TiTqmis yvela partia acxadebs, rom gamoxatavs, xalxis interesebs, magram ramdenad Camoyalibebuli gegma aqvT qveynis ganviTarebis kuTxiT?
– samwuxarod, saqarTveloSi arsebuli politikuri partiebi ar arian amomrCevlebis mxridan (da piriqiT, arc qarTveli amomrCeveli – partiebisgan) ganebivrebulni, rom mxardaWera moipovon konkretuli ideologiisa Tu samoqmedo gegmis safuZvelze. dRes qarTveli amomrCeveli romelime politikuri partiis ideologiuri mxardamWeri ki ar aris, aramed personebs aniWebs upiratesobas. amitomac, qveynis ganviTareba amomrCevlisTvis asocirdeba ara partiuli gegmebze, aramed konkretuli liderebis, personebis unarsa da SesaZleblobebze, ris gamoc, zogadad, partiebis ideologiuri mxardaWera naklebia. socialuri kapitalis erT-erT sakvanZo faqtors swored ndoba warmoadgens, rac personebis mimarT ufro maRalia, vidre politikuri subieqtebisadmi.
– sociologiuri gamokiTxvebis Tanaxmad, mxolod oTxi partia (`qarTuli ocneba~ ,,nacmoZraoba~, ,,saqarTvelosTvis~ da `lelo saqarTvelosTvis~) gadalaxavs saarCevno bariers, msgavsi gamokiTxvebi ramdenad sandoa?
– nebismieri obieqturi sociologiuri gamokiTxva sandoa Tu mas atarebs damoukidebeli, obieqturi organizacia, im SemTxvevaSic ki Tu garkveuli cdomileba mosalodnelia, rasac verasdros gamovricxavT. rac Seexeba CamoTvlil partiebs, upirobod mxardaWeris mixedviT, siis saTaveSi iqneba mmarTveli gundi, Semdeg `nacmoZraoba~, xolo me-3 da me-4 adgilebs albaT is politikuri subieqtebi gainawileben, romlebic arCevnebisTvis moaxerxeben erTmaneTTan konsensusis gamonaxvas da gaerTianebas. mimaCnia, rom „lelos“ da „saqarTvelosTvis“ aqvT 5%-ani barieris gadalaxvis resursi, Tumca didi Zalisxmeva dasWirdebaT. am CamonaTvals daemateba kidev erTi politikuri gaerTianeba, romelic jer kidev Camoyalibebis procesSia (vgulisxmob, gvaramia-melia, jafariZe-xoStarias gaerTianebas).
– gverds ver avuvliT ,,nacmoZraobaSi~ ganviTarebul movlenebs, SeZlebs es partia mTavari opoziciuri Zalis statusis SenarCunebas?
– 12-wliani itoria cxadyofs, rom `nacionaluri moZraoba~ mTavari opoziciuri Zalaa da am statuss is legitimurad swored misi amomrCevlebisa da Sedegebis mixedviT irgebs, Tumca politikaSi gamoricxuli araferia, Tu opozicur flangze konsensusi iqneba, am statusis axal gaerTianebasa Tu moZraobaze gadabareba SeiZleba vivaraudoT.
– gvaramia-melia-jafariZe-xoStarias opoziciur platformas ra Sansi eqneba saarCevnod?
– mimaCnia, mxolod erTobiT SeiZleba konkretuli xelSesaxebi Sedegebis miRweva, gansakuTrebiT, im pirobebSi, rodesac saarCevno barieri 5 %-ia da es namdvilad ar aris patara cifri. Tu maTi TviTmizani mxolod barieris gadalaxvaa, maSin SeuZliaT maraTonSi CarTva, magram es politikur process arsebiTad ver Secvlis.
– dResdReobiT ra stadiaSia opozicia?
– opoziciuri flangi srulad gadasulia mmarTveli gundis politikuri dRis wesrigis komentirebaze. faqtobrivad, qarTul opozicias dRes dRis wesrigs usazRvravs mmarTveli gundi, rac, obieqturobisTvis unda iTqvas, rom, avad Tu kargad, gamosdiT. vfiqrob, esec erTgvari kargad dagegmili strategiaa, romelsac politikaSi „banqos Cawyobis“ principiT vicnobT.
– SeZlebs mmarTveli partia meoTxejer xelisuflebaSi darCenas?
– politikaSi raRacis gadaWriT Tqma ar aris relevanturi, misi araprognozirebadi bunebis gamo, magram, modiT, ganvixiloT, ra SemTxvevaSi iqneba SesaZlebeli da ra SemTxvevaSi SeuZlebelic (anu xelisuflebaSi mxolod koaliciurad darCeba). SesaZlebeli iqneba im SemTxvevaSi, Tu qveyanaSi arsebuli politikuri situacia SenarCundeba da opozicia iseve iqneba warmodgenili, rogorc dResaa, xolo SeuZlebeli – im SemTxvevaSi, Tu politikur arenaze gamovlen axali gaerTianebebi, romlebsac ZaluZT araTu 5 %-iani barieris gadalaxva, aramed maRali sazogadoebrivi mxardaWeris mobilizeba. aseT SemTxvevaSi damoukidebeli saqarTvelos istoriaSi Cven gveyoleba pirveli koaliciuri mTavroba, romelic uprecedento gamosavali iqneba rogorc yvela bariergadalaxuli politikuri subieqtisTvis, aseve, Cveni dasavleli partniorebisTvisac.
– rogor gadanawildeba Zalebi momaval parlamentSi da es ra faqtorebze iqneba damokidebuli?
– ZalTa balansi Sedgeba zustad im proporciiT, rogorsac qarTveli amomrCeveli gadawyvets. proporciuli saarCevno sistemis erT-erTi mTavari dadebiTi mxare swored misi warmomadgenlobiTobaa – dakarguli xmebis raodenoba minimumamdea dayvanili, rac maJoritarulTan SedarebiT radikalurad gansxvavebulia. rac Seexeba faqtorebs, amaze, vfiqrob, bevri visaubreT, Tumca kidev erTxel xazs gavusvam axali gaerTianebis Seqmnis mcdelobebs, rasac SeuZlia realurad moitanos sagrZnobi cvlilebebi qarTul politikur dRis wesrigSi.
– aris Tu ara saqarTvelosTvis oqtombris arCevnebi istoriuli mniSvnelobis?
– oqtombris arCevnebi upirobod aris yvelaze mniSvnelovani saparlamento arCevnebi, maT Soris, rac bolo drois qarTvel sazogadoebas Cautarebia.
– sagareo sakiTxsac SevexoT: ruseT–ukrainis omis Sedegebis mniSvneloba ramdenad gaanalizebuli aqvT dasavleTSi?
– gaanalizebulTan erTad gaazrebulic da gaTavisebulic aqvT, risi naTeli magaliTicaa dasavleTis mxardaWera ukrainisadmi ruseTis maT teritoriaze SeWris dRidan dRemde, Tumca ramdenad sakmarisi da efeqturi aRmoCnda es mxardaWera am omis dasrulebisTvis da ruseTis ukan daxevisTvis, namdvilad sakiTxavia. dasavleTi mxarSi udgas ukrainas, Tumca omi kvlav mZvinvarebs. Ddasavlur gaerTianebebSi integracia rCeba usafrTxoebis garantiad da aseTi garantiebis arqona qveynebSi, rogoric ukraina, saqarTvelo da moldovaa, erTgvari daucvelobis gancdas iwvevs. vfiqrob, dasavleTis midgoma am sakiTxisadmi unda gadaixedos.
– dabolos, ramdenad seriozulia saqarTvelos sagareo safrTxeebi da ram SeiZleba gamoiwvios maTi eskalacia?
– saqarTvelos teritoriebis okupacia kvlav grZeldeba. Cveni qveynis sagareo safrTxe aris ruseTi da misi imperialisturi politika samezobloSi. mas ar surs, saqarTvelo ekonomikurad, instituciurad, socialurad Zlieri da ganviTarebuli saxelmwifo iyos, rogorc es evropul qveyanas Seefereba, radgan ekonomikurad da instituciurad Zlieri saqarTvelo niSnavs deokopaciisken gadadgmul nabijs, politikurad evropasTan ufro axlos yofnas, xolo, kidev ufro Sors – ruseTisgan.