პენსიონერთა ოცნებების კვალდაკვალ
ირმა ცეცხლაძე 27 48 93
sapensio reformam bevri kiTxva gaaCina organizaciebsa Tu uwyebebSi. damqiravebelTa umetesobam ar icis, vis dauqviTos an rogor daubrunos Tanxa maT, visac ar surs am sqemaSi darCena. `msurvelebs~ Soris 40-dan 55 wlamde qalebi da 60 wlamde asakis mamakacebi moiazrebian, radgan danarCenebi savaldebulo formiT gawevriandnen dagrovebiT sapensio sqemaSi.
Tu ras warmoadgens realurad es sqema, rogor unda davaRwioT Tavi im 2%-is daqviTvas, ra sargebels miviRebT dagrovebiTi pensiis saxiT, amaze da sxva sakiTxebze interviu vTxoveT sapensio saagentos sazogadoebasTan urTierTobis departamentis ufross magda kotrikaZes. man ise momxiblavad damixata uzrunveli siberis perspeqtivebi, rom saswrafod gadavifiqre am sqemidan gamosvla da imedis TvaliT Sevxede pensioneris statuss.
– amoqmedebis dRidan am momentamde ra fazaSia dagrovebiTi pensiis reforma?
– mogexsenebaT, reforma ama wlis 1 ianvars amoqmedda. ukve 150 milion larze metia angariSze da sqemaSi 47 400-ze meti kompaniaa CarTuli. gaixsna 703 aTasamde moqalaqis individualuri angariSi… am momentisaTvis Seuferxeblad vmuSaobT. sqemidan ki mxolod 20 kaci gavida.
– bevri gvekiTxeba, Tu sad da vis unda mimarTon am sakiTxebze zusti pasuxebis misaRebad. . .
– moqalaqeebs mTeli qveynis masStabiT, socialuri momsaxurebis saagentos 69 filiali moemsaxureba, aseve, sapensio saagentos centraluri ofisi yifSiZis N7b-Si. ase rom, sakomunikaciod maT diskomforti ar SeeqmnebaT. moqalaqeebma unda mogvmarTon personalurad da iqonion vadiani piradoba. aRsaniSnavia, rom aWaraSi 7 filiali funqcionirebs – momsaxurebas vaxorcielebT socialuri saagentos filialebis meSveobiT, romelic aWaris yvela raionSia. dilis 9 saaTidan eqvsamde vmuSaobT. nebismiers amomwuravad vupasuxebT da davakvalianebT.
– funqciurad rogor muSaobs es reforma?
– sqemaSi savaldebulod CarTuli arian 40 wlamde pirebi anu isini, visac 2018 wlis 6 agvistos monacemebiT Seusrulda es asaki. dazogil Tanxas moqalaqeebi nawil-nawil miiReben sapensio asakis Sesrulebis Semdeg. Tanxa gadanawildeba sicocxlis xangrZlivobis im welTa raodenobaze, rac im momentisTvis iqneba dadgenili (mamakacebisaTvis Tu qalisTvis) statistikis departamentis mier.
– Tuki 40 wlamde pirs, romelic savaldebulodaa CarTuli sqemaSi, mounda gamosvla da dagrovebuli fulis gamotana?
– SesaZlebelia mxolod or SemTxvevaSi: Tu daudgindeba SSm piris statusi an samudamod gadava sacxovreblad ucxoeTSi. pirvel SemTxvevaSi iRebs danazogs gadanawilebiT (pensiasaviT) daubegravad, xolo meore SemTxvevaSi – srulad iRebs dabegril Tanxas. begara, Cveulebriv, 20%-s Seadgens.
– ratom CarTes 55 wlamde qalebi da 60 wlamde mamakacebi am sqemaSi, Tuki es ar iyo maTTvis savaldebulo?
– amiT maT saSualeba eZlevaT, gaiazron yvelaferi, naxon, ra dagrovda, ramdenad momgebiania am sqemaSi monawileoba da Tavad gadawyviton, uRirT Tu ara CarTva da sapensiod Tanxis dagrovebis gagrZeleba. sxva mxriv, maT aranairi problema da valdebuleba ara aqvT.
– rodis unda Semoitanon ganacxadi da sad?
– gancxadebis Semotanis aTvlis wertili aris pirveli deklaraciis daxurvis momenti, iqidan aiTvleba sami Tve da kidev ori Tve eqnebaT fanjara sqemidan gasvlisaTvis. amisTvis SeuZliaT mimarTon erTjeradi gancxadebiT sapensio momsaxurebis saagentos filialebs. gancxadeba moqalaqem unda daweros misi fanjris SualedSi anu roca mas aqvs gasvlis saSualeba.
– rogor unda daadginos am fanjris dro?
– amisTvis ori gza arsebobs: Sevides pensions.ge-ze Tavis personalur gverdze da naxos piradi monacemebi. amisTvis dasWirdeba buRaltrisgan erTjeradi kodi. Tu or an met adgilasaa dasaqmebuli, Sesabamisad, dasWirdeba ori kodi. mniSvnelovania, gaiTvaliswinoT, rom gancxadebis dawera SesaZlebelia sqemaSi CarTvidan sami Tvis Semdeg. aTvla iwyeba im TariRidan, rodesac buRalterma Tqveni pirveli sapensio Senatani ganaxorciela da deklaracia daxura. aqve aRvniSnav, rom am gancxadebis dawera SesaZlebelia socialuri momsaxurebis saagentos filialebSi saqarTvelos masStabiT.… dagrovebiT sapensio sistemaSi CarTvisa da gasvlis TariRi SegiZliaT SeamowmoT sapensio saagentos vebgverdze arsebul Tqvens pirad profilze. iq Sesasavlelad saxeli da paroli unda miiRoT buRaltrisgan. sqemaSi CarTvidan sami Tvis Semdeg, gancxadebis dasawerad (sqemis datovebis Taobaze) gaqvT mxolod ori Tve. Tu am xnis ganmavlobaSi ar datoveT sqema, rCebiT dagrovebiTi sistemis monawiled. gancxadebis dawera SeuZlia mindobil pirs notarialurad damowmebuli mindobilobis safuZvelze. . . darwmunebuli var, mo-qalaqe rodesac naxavs sakuTar angariSze, rom misi minimaluri Senatani gaoTxmagda da ramdeni aqvs damatebuli damsaqmeblisgan da saxelmwifosgan, ar ityvis uars am sqemaSi monawileobaze.
– sapensio asakis pirebs, romlebic muSaoben, Tu SeuZliaT CarTva?
– nebayoflobiT, anu mimarTavs buRalters da dawers gancxadebas, rom iTxovs sqemaSi CarTvas. iq specialuri moniSvnis velia, sadac gaatareben. Tanac, maT SeuZliaT dagrovebiTi pensiis asaki gadawion 5 an 10 wliT, raTa Tanxa metad dagrovdes.
– am areulobaSi moxda isec, rom pensionerebic, yovelgvari survilis da gancxadebis gareSe, CarTes am sqemaSi.
– maSin buRalterma unda mogvmarTos gancxadebiT, gvacnobos, rom es misi xarvezia da moxsnas piri sqemidan.
– modiT, ufro davkonkretdeT da magaliTebiT avxsnaT, ramdens unda velodoT sapensio asakis miRwevis SemTxvevaSi am dagrovebiTi pensiis Sedegad?
– vebgverdze nebismier pirze SeiZleba movZebnoT informacia. . . vTqvaT, Tqveni saSualo Semosavali pirobiTad aris 1000 lari, xelze RebulobT – 800-s. piri aris mamakaci, mimdinare asaki – 30 weli. am xnis ganmavlobaSi, anu 65 wlamde mas daugrovdeba 239 aTasi da gamouva TveSi 1992 lari yovelTviuri pensia. as welzec rom viangariSoT sicocxlis xangrZlivoba, Tu igive aTvlebiT 40 wlidan viangariSebT, gamova 97 aTasi danazogi da 814 lari eqneba yovelTviuri pensia. yvelafer amas aucileblad daemateba fiqsirebuli pensia, rac dReisTvis 200 laria da rogorc wesi, minimum 20 lariT yovelwliurad izrdeba, esaa standarti da aprobirebuli meqanizmi, amis Sesabamisad Tu viangariSebT 25 welze, zemoT xsenebul piris 800 lars daemateba is Tanxebic (500+200+800) da gauxdeba 1500 lari. vfiqrob, ar iqneba cudi imisaTvis, rom daikmayofilos pensionerma minimaluri moTxovnilebebi da metic, icxovros Rirseuli cxovrebiT.
– am xnis ganmavlobaSi Tu SevinarCuneT laris kursi da inflaciis gamo ar gadavediT milionobiT kuponze, namdvilad `saocnebo~ pensias miviRebT. . . martoxela dedebze, omis monawileebze da a.S. romlebsac ar eqviTebaT saSemosavlo, Tu gavrceldeba SeRavaTi?
– ara, samwuxarod, dagrovebiTi pensiis SemTxvevaSi mxolod im ori faqtoris gaTvaliswineba moxdeba, zemoT rom vaxsene.
– ras gvetyviT TviTdasaqmebulebze?
– isini erTvebian nebayoflobiT, Tumca gansxvavebuli sqemiT. Tavad ixdian 4%-s da saxelmwifo uricxavs 2_s. es sistema maTTvisac uzrunvelyofs uzrunvel siberes sapensio asakSi. sxvaTa Soris, TviTdasaqmebulebisTvis ufro sarfiania am sistemaSi CarTva, radgan maTi anazRaureba viwro profiliT dasaqmebulebze gacilebiT metia da is ori procentic sakmaod solidur Tanxas aRwevs. xSirad ucxoeTSi mcxovrebi moqalaqeebi ucxoeTidanac ki gvikavSirdebian. momarTvianoba Zalian maRalia.
– ucxoel emigrantebs Tu aqvT ufleba, CaerTon dagrovebiTi pensiis sistemaSi, raTa rom Camovlen, hqondeT pensia. . .
– ara, maTTvis es sqema ar aris gaTvaliswinebuli, maSin saqarTveloSi unda muSaobdnen. rac Seexeba ucxoelebs, romlebic aq muSaoben, TavisTavad xvdebian savaldebulo sqemaSi.
– sad grovdeba Tanxa?
– am momentisTvis es Tanxa bankebSia ganTavsebuli da wliuri sargeblis procentic ericxeba. gatanis SemTxvevaSi pirs gaaqvs mxolod Tavisi dabegrili wili, xolo saxelmwifos da damsaqmeblis Tanxebs abrunebs mxareebTan. anu ganacxadis safuZvelze damsaqmebeli xelfasis saxiT ubrunebs Tanxas, romelsac saagentos mxridan emateba is wliuri 7% amonagebi konkretul moqalaqeze, rac am sami Tvis ganmavlobaSi daugrovda bankSi Cadebuli Tanxis Sedegad. marTalia, minimaluri iqneba, magram nebismier SemTxvevaSi Cans, rom Tanxebi daculi da dazRveulia konstituciiT, iseve, rogorc Tqveni sakuTari uZrav-moZravi qoneba.
– Tuki Seicvala mTavroba da axal xelisufalT ar moiwones winamorbedTa iniciativa, ra elodeba Cvens `saocnebo pensias~?
– es aris reforma, romelic uSualodaa mibmuli konkretul pirebze. Tanxa gezogebaT Tqvens pirad angariSze da SeuZlebelia mas vinme Seexos ise, rom danakargis safrTxe gaCndes.
– rac Seexeba investirebis process?
– aucileblad Seiqmneba sainvesticio sabWo 5 adamianis SemadgenlobiT. maT Soris iqnebian ucxoeTidan mowveuli specialistebi, romlebic uzrunvelyofen sainvesticio nawils. iarsebebs riskis komitetic Tavisi riskis Sefasebis jgufiT da a.S. romlebic individualuri da erTeuli gadaricxvis doneze gaakontroleben am process. paketebi ganTavsdeba diversificirebul anu sxvadasxva kompaniis fasian qaRaldebSi, raTa Tanxebi daculi iyos finansuri ryevebisgan. migvaCnia, rom sapensio reforma warmatebuli iqneba imitomac, rom maT xelmZRvaneloben pirebi, romlebic ukve 20 welze metia CarTuli arian am procesebSi.
– Zalian minda 100 weli vicocxlo, magram iqneb ver mivaRwie. . . Cem mier dagro-vili Tanxa Tu gadaecema memkvidreobiT anu sakuTari dakrZalvis xarjebi mainc Tu meqneba. . . yvelas gvaxsovs isic, rogor dakarges Cvenive ojaxis wevrebma bankebSi `saimedod~ ganTavsebuli Tanxebi sabWoTa reJimis rRvevisas. . .
– diax, ra Tqma unda, iseve, rogorc Tqveni sxva piradi sakuTreba, esec gadaecema memkvidreebs. dRes bankSi danazogis Senaxva aRar aris warsuli mZime gamocdilebidan gamomdinare riskis gancdasTan asocirebuli. Cveni sapensio danazogebi ufro daculia kanoniT, vidre bankSi Senaxuli fuli. Tavad sapensio saagento ki, romelic pasuxismgebelia sapensio Senatanebis miRebaze, administrirebaze, investiciebsa da riskebis kontrolze – Seqmnilia saukeTeso dasavluri standartebis Sesabamisad.
– mainc ra sargebels moitans reforma qveynisa da rigiTi moqalaqeebisaTvis?
– istoriuli reformis saSualo da grZelvadiani sargebelia – Rirseuli cxovreba sapensio asakSi, siRaribis daZleva, sainvesticio kapitalis bazris ganviTareba. es iqneba mZlavri stimuli ekonomikuri zrdis daCqarebisTvis. Sesabamisad, gaCndeba axali samuSao adgilebi gazrdili SemosavlebiT da a.S. aqve aRvniSnav, rom dabandebul Tanxebs daemateba
8-10% wliuri sargebeli, xolo investiciebi ganxorcieldeba gamocdili, maT Soris, ucxoeli profesionalebis mier. mokled rom vTqvaT, dagrovebiTi sapensio Senatanebi, pirvelad qveynis istoriaSi, uzrunvelyofen masStaburi sainvesticio kapitalis bazris Seqmnas, Sedegad ki gaizrdeba xelfasebi da socialuri daxmarebebi. yvela es sikeTe aisaxeba Cvens moqalaqeebze, imis miuxedavad, monawileoben dagrovebiT sapensio sqemaSi Tu ara.