რა პრობლემებს აწყდებიან აუტისტური სპექტრის აშლილობის მქონე ადამიანები?
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2007 wlis 18 dekembers gaeros generalurma asambleam 2 aprili autizmis Sesaxeb informaciis gavrcelebis msoflio dRed gamoacxada. misi mizania, gazardos sazogadoebis cnobierebis done autizmTan dakavSirebiT, xeli Seuwyos autizmis mqone adamianebis fundamenturi uflebis dacvas da realizacias
am dResTan dakavSirebiT qalaqis masStabiT, araerTi RonisZieba gaimarTa. autisturi speqtris bavSvebisaTvis baTumis meriis axalgazrdul centrSi sainformacio Sexvedra moewyo, sadac bavSvebs saSualeba miecaT, Tavad CarTuliyvnen sxvadasxva aqtivobaSi da gamoevlinaT TavianTi SesaZleblobebi. Sexvedraze isaubres imaze, Tu ra problemebs awydebian autizmis speqtris mqone adamianebi yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi, autizmis Sesaxeb arsebul miTebze, romlis gavrcelebac sazogadoebaSi arasakmarisi informaciis arsebobaze miuTiTebs. miTia is, rom: autizmi araswori aRzrdis Sedegia, rom autizmis mqone pirebs ar SeuZliaT socialur unarTa aTviseba, rom isini ver iqnebian warmatebuli da ver gaxdebian sazogadoebis srulfasovani wevrebi. realurad ki autizmi neiroganviTarebiTi darRvevaa da srulebiT ar aris damokidebuli mSoblis qcevasa da aRzrdis stilze. autizmis mqone pirebs SeuZliaT socialur unarTa swavla individualuri da jgufuri Terapiisa da aqtiuri varjiSis Sedegad. aRsaniSnavia isic, rom autizmis mqone bevri adamiani warmatebulia, aqvs samsaxuri da integrirebulia sazogadoebaSi. maTi warmatebis ganmsazRvreli ki adreuli intervencia da sworad ganxorcielebuli inkluziaa. autizmi Tanabradaa gavrcelebuli yvela rasis, erovnebis, religiuri mrwamsisa da socialur-ekonomikuri statusis mqone adamianebSi.
ra problemebs awydebian autisturi speqtris mqone adamianebi yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi, amaze gazeT `aWarasTan~ fsiqologi qeTevan gogitiZe saubrobs. misi TqmiT, ZiriTad problemebs isini sabavSvo baRebSi da skolebSi xvdebian, roca pedagogebma da aRmzrdelebma ar ician rogor moiqcnen aRniSnuli speqtris mqone bavSvebis mimarT, romlebic srulebiT logikuria, rom sagakveTilo procesSi srulad ar iyos CarTuli da 45 wuTis ganmavlobaSi ver moaxerxos mSvidad jdoma merxTan. fsiqologis gancxadebiT, aucilebelia pedagogebis yovelTviuri datreningeba, sadac isini autizmis Sesaxeb cnobadobas gaiRrmaveben. aseve aucilebelia mSoblebTan muSaobac, romlebmac baRsa da skolas erTnairad unda Seuwyon xeli, rom maTi Svilis uflebebi srulad iyos daculi.
– xSirad mSoblebma, visac autizmis speqtris darRvevis mqone Svilebi hyavT da vis mimarTac baRSi, an skolaSi raime tipis winaaRmdegoba xorcieldeba, imis nacvlad, rom ebrZolaT, piriqiT, bavSvs Seucvales klasi, baRi, skola. mimaCnia, rom aseT dros bavSvebi ki ara, is pedagogebi unda midiodnen skolidan, romlebsac ar aqvT Sesabamisi ganaTleba autizmis Sesaxeb da ar ician xerxi, romliTac am bavSvebTan urTierTobas SeZleben. mSoblebi mxolod 2 aprils ki ar unda ikribebodnen, aramed intensiurad da Riad saubrobdnen Svilebis saWiroebebze. TbilisSi ufro aqtiurebi arian autizmis speqtris aSlilobis mqone bavSvebis mSoblebi, erToblivad advilad axerxeben problemebis mogvarebas. Tu CvenTan meria afinansebs autizmis qceviTi Terapiis 15 saaTs, TbilisSi 20 saaTi finansdeba. iq didi xania asistenti hyavT baRebsa Tu skolebSi, baTumSi jer kidev velodebiT, rodis daiSveba es Stati. yvelaferi mSoblebis aqtiurobazea damokidebuli, amitomac vTxov maT, rom ufro xSirad isaubron arsebul problemebze, ibrZolon maT gadaWraze. inkluziuri ganaTleba ar gulisxmobs, rom es bavSvebi specskolebSi unda swavlobdnen, piriqiT, unda moxdes maTi integrireba sxva bavSvebTan. am mimarTulebiT bevri ram dasaxvewia ganaTlebis sistemaSi, Tumca unda vTqvaT, rom bolo wlebSi tendencia dadebiTisken Seicvala. Tu adre arc programebi arsebobda, arc inkluziuri ganaTleba, dRes Zalian bevri bavSvi registrirdeba skolaSi da specialuri maswavleblebic muSaoben iq. imis molodini gvaqvs, rom pedagogebs eyolebaT piradi asistentebi, romlebTan erTadac gauadvildebaT muSaoba autisturi speqtris aSlilobis mqone bavSvebTan. maswavlebeli, Terapevti, mSobeli erToblivad unda muSaobdes, Tu Cven gvinda swrafad miviRoT efeqturi Sedegi.
problemebi uamravi da globaluria, romelsac Tanmimdevruli gadawyveta sWirdeba, – Tvlis autisturi speqtris aSlilobis mqone 25 wlis biWis mSobeli medea daviTaZe. miaCnia, rom xSirad unda isaubron autizmsa da mis Tanmdev problemebze, raTa sazogadoebaSi daiZlios aRniSnuli adamianebis mimarT arsebuli stigma.
– me, rogorc mSobeli, araerT problemas vawydebi. magaliTad, daamTavra skola Cemma Svilma, profesiuli saswavlebelic, magram is specialobebi, rac amJamad aris am saxis saswavleblebSi, ar aris morgebuli yvela kategoriis saWiroebaze. aqedan gamomdinare, marTalia viswavleT erTi weli, magram aRmoCnda, rom es iyo fuWad dakarguli dro. Autistebs ufro fsiqologiuri problema aqvT da am mimarTebiT kargi iqneboda Sesabamis Sedegsa da xarisxze orientirebuli daxmareba. vawydebiT dasaqmebis problemas. miuxedavad amdeni kampaniisa, sazogadoeba bolomde ar aris gaTviTcnobierebuli, Sesabamisad, uWirs am adamianebis miReba – gviTxra medea daviTaZem.
rogorc kolej `bleqsis~ warmomadgenelma inga lomTaTiZem CvenTan saubarSi aRniSna, 2013 wlidan danerges inkluziuri ganaTleba, rac niSnavs, rom nebismier msurvels, miuxedavad saWiroebisa, interesebisa da SesaZleblobisa, aqvs saSualeba, miiRos profesiuli ganaTleba. Tumca, misive TqmiT, kolejSi dasamatebelia specialobebi, raTa srulad iyos morgebuli yvela saWiroebis mqone adamianze.
– autizmis speqtris darRvevebis mqone studenti, Cemi kolejSi muSaobis periodSi, ar gvyolia. specialuri saganmanaTleblo saWiroebis mqone aplikantebTan dakavSirebiT gvaqvs xuTi adgili. 8 aprilidan iwyeba sagazafxulo miReba da nebismier adamians SeuZlia 4 specialobaze Semoitanos ganacxadi. esaa: barTenderi, kulinariis xelovneba, eleqtroba da samkervalo nawarmis specialisti. aRsaniSnavia, rom Cvens kolejSi swavlis msurvelebi gamocdas ar abareben, aplikantebi e.w. alternatiul testirebas, profesiul mosinjvas gaivlian. unda iTqvas isic, rom dasamatebelia specialobebi, raTa autizmis speqtris mqone adamianebs hqondeT ufro didi arCevani profesiis SerCevisas, – aRniSna inkluziuri profesiuli ganaTlebis specialistma inga lomTaTiZem.
baTumis meriis axalgazrdul centrSi gamarTul RonisZiebas baTumis meri laSa komaxiZe vice-merTan da moadgileebTan erTad daeswro. rogorc meris moadgilem sofo xalvaSma gviTxra: `autizmis Sesaxeb cnobadobis asamaRleblad Zalian bevri ram keTdeba, Tumca es ar aris sakmarisi. sazogadoebis yvela wevrma unda gaiTavisos, rom SezRuduli SesaZleblobebi ar arsebobs, unda moxdes am bavSvebis integrireba sazogadoebaSi, ise, rogorc saWiroa da ara im doziT, rogoric dRes aris. vfiqrob, nel-nela, nabij-nabij, am kuTxiT arsebuli yvela problema daiZleva, raSic, ra Tqma unda, meriac Seitans Tavis wvlils~.
autizmis Sesaxeb cnobadobis amaRlebis msoflio dResTan dakavSirebiT, Sexvedra aWaris sakanonmdeblo organoSic gaimarTa, aq samedicino korporacia `eveqsis~ Caqvis samedicino da baTumis poliklinikis sareabilitacio centrebis beneficiarebs umaspinZles, maTTan erTad naxatebi daxates da samaxsovro fotoebi gadaiRes. janmrTelobis dacvisa da socialur sakiTxTa komitetis Tavmjdomaris nugzar surmaniZis gancxadebiT, msgavsi RonisZiebebis gamarTva uaRresad mniSvnelovania da mizani autizmis Sesaxeb sazogadoebis cnobierebis amaRlebaa. maspinZlebma saCuqrebi autizmis speqtris mqone 60-mde bavSvs gadasces.
aWaris ganaTlebis, kulturisa da sportis ministris moadgile Teona beriZe aWaris janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis ministrTan zaal miqelaZesTan erTad baTumis 13-e sajaro skolas ewvia da autisturi speqtris mqone moswavleebi moinaxula. aq Seqmnilia specialuri jgufi, sadac 18 moswavle swavlobs. 2018 wlidan aWaris janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministrom aamoqmeda specialuri programa, romlis farglebSi finansdeba autisturi speqtris darRvevebis mqone bavSvTa reabilitacia. programaSi amJamad 34 beneficiaria CarTuli.
– ganaTlebis xelmisawvdomobis uzrunvelyofa erT-erTi mTavari gamowvevaa. CvenTvis mniSvnelovania, TiToeulma bavSvma Tanabrad isargeblos yvela im sikeTiT, rac xels Seuwyobs maT integrirebas sazogadoebaSi. yvela adamianis ufleba erTnairad unda iyos daculi, – ganacxada Teona beriZem.