დასავლეთის ძალისხმევით მიღწეული შეთანხმება
äïøï õëèåîòêò 593 50 82 69 –
saqarTvelos damoukideblobis aRdgenidan dRemde dasavleTma Cveni qveynis stabilurobisTvisa da keTildReobisTvis araerTi nabiji gadadga, rac gamoixateba finansur, ekonomikur da diplomatiur mxardaWeraSi. amis ardanaxva umaduroba iqneboda. amJamadac, rom ara fasilitatorebis Zalisxmeva, qarTvel politikosTa Soris istoriuli SeTanxmeba ar Sedgeboda da, savaraudod, qveyanaSi arasaxarbielo procesebi ganviTardeboda. . . ramdenad mniSvnelovania zemoaRniSnuli SeTanxmebis gaformeba qveynis stabilurobisTvis, ra stadiaSia mmarTveli partia da opozicia arCevnebis Semdgom periodSi, ramdenad mosalodnelia mesame Zalis gamoCena horizontze? am da sxva saWirboroto sakiTxebze saqarTvelos teqnikuri universitetis doqtoranti baTumis saxelmwifo universitetis leqtori giga fartenaZe gvesaubreba
– rogor daaxasiaTebdiT dRes saqarTveloSi mimdinare procesebs?
– Cvens qveyanaSi ganviTarebuli sazogadoebriv-politikuri procesebi da movlenebi cxadyofs, rom vimyofebiT ocwleulis umniSvnelovanesi gamowvevebis pirispir. gasuli wlidan mTel msofliosTan erTad aqtiurad varT CarTulebi pandemiasTan brZolaSi. am umZimes gamowvevas daemata 2020 wlis saparlamento arCevnebis Sedegad qveyanaSi Seqmnili politikuri krizisi, romelmac ormagad daamZima Cveni qveynis socialuri, ekonomikuri, sazogadoebrivi da politikuri mdgomareoba. migvaCnia, rom am gamowvevebis gadaWris erT-erTi umTavresi berketia, maTi politikuri Sexedulebisadmi sazogadoebis simpaTiisa Tu antipaTiis miuxedavad, erTianoba, dialogi da Sidapolitikuri krizisis daZleva, rasac safuZveli ukve Caeyara 19 aprils, rac namdvilad misasalmebelia.
– istoriuli SeTanxmeba Sedga opoziciasa da xelisuflebas Soris. ras moutans is qveyanas?
– es SeTanxmeba aris erTgvari gzamkvlevi, orientiri samomavlo moqmedebebisa da politikuri krizisis gadalaxvisken mimarTuli yvelaze qmediTi dokumenti bolo 6 Tvis ganmavlobaSi, raSic gamokveTilia saerTaSoriso partniorebis, Cveni qveynis gulmxurvale megobrebis roli. aRniSnuli dokumentis Sedgenis procesma gvaCvena, Tu raoden didia Cveni qveynis mimarT dasavluri, civilizebuli samyaros interesi, razec metyvelebs evrokavSiris pirveli pirebis pirdapiri CarTuloba. aseve umniSvnelovanesia aSS-is maRali tribunidan gakeTebuli araerTi gancxadeba, maT Soris mmarTveli politikuri partiisa da arasamTavrobo seqtoris xelmZRvanelebis miwveva politikuri Cixidan gamosavlis gzebis Ziebis mizniT. am SeTanxmebis erT-erTi Zlieri mxare swored dasavluri diplomatiis efeqturobis aRiareba da maTi mxardaWeris morigi dadasturebaa.
– ramdenad gamarTlebulia `nacmoZraobis~ da `evropuli saqarTvelos~ SeTanxmebis xelmowerisgan am dromde TavSekaveba?
– samwuxaroa, rom xelmomwerTa rigebSi ar aris opoziciuri speqtris sruli Semadgenloba, Tumca vfiqrobT, rom am partiebis poziciac garkveul logikur kanonzomierebas eqvemdebareba. rogorc CvenTvis aris cnobili, maT aqvT TavianTi argumentebi, Tu ratom Seikaves Tavi. imeds vitovebT, rom uaxloes periodSi darCenili opoziciuri partiebic dauaxloeben TavianT partiul dRis wesrigs mocemul 5-punqtian samoqmedo gegmas da dokumentze xelmoweriT imoqmedeben qveynis interesebis gaTvaliswinebiT, damatebiTi winapirobebis gareSe.
– bevri eqsperti acxadebs, rom Tu `nacmoZraoba~ ar Seva parlamentSi, is dakargavs dasavleTis mxardaWeras. . .
– zogadad, politikuri partia, romelic msuye opoziur Zalad gvevlineba qveyanaSi (razec metyvelebs warmomadgenlobiT organoSi maTi mandatebis raodenoba), unda moqmedebdes ormagi pasuxismgeblobiT da msgavsi politikuri procesebis avangardSi imyofebodes, krizisidan gamosvlis gzebis Ziebisa da kompromisze wasvlaSi mewinave iyos. am mocemulobis gaTvaliswinebiT, ra Tqma unda, araTu aisaxeba es `nacmoZraobis~ saerTaSoriso mxardaWeraze, aramed – adgilobrivi eleqtoratis raodenobazec, radgan sazogadoeba am umZimesi socialuri fonis gaTvaliswinebiT imas mainc imsaxurebs, rom qveynis politikur procesebze pasuxismgebelma da CarTulma mxareebma SeZlon da minimalur droSi moaxdinon garkveul daTmobebze wasvla qveynis sakeTildReod.
– vxedavT imasac, rom opoziciis erTianoba, faqtobrivad, daiSala, yovel SemTxvevaSi, giorgi vaSaZem ganacxada, rom `nacmoZraobasTan~ ar iTanamSromlebs da Tbilisis meris arCevnebSic nika melias kandidaturas ar dauWers mxars. . .
– vaSaZis aRniSnuli gancxadeba, vfiqrobT, aris erTgvari reaqcia `nacionaluri moZraobis~ poziciaze – xeli ar moaweros SeTanxmebas. rac Seexeba Tbilisis meris arCevnebs, cxadia, rom `nacmoZraobas~ da `qarTul ocnebas~ aucileblad eyolebaT kandidatebi. vaSaZis poziciebi samTavrobo kandidatTan mimarTebiT CvenTvis cnobilia, aseve, cnobilia meliasTan dakavSirebuli poziciac, sabolood, an `strategia aRmaSenebeli~ wamoayenebs merobis kandidaturas an romelime opoziciur ZalasTan SeTanxmebiT warudgenen sazogadoebas damatebiT kandidaturas. Tu romelime politikur partias eqneba survili, wamoayenos merobis sakuTari kandidatura, es xels Seuwyobs politikur pluralizms da amomrCevlebisTvisac iqneba ormagad saintereso, radgan ramdenime kandidats Soris gakeTdeba arCevani.
– eqspertebi opoziciis nawils televiziaSi msxdom opoziciad moixsenieben, Tqveni azri amis Sesaxeb?
– imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom `qarTul ocnebaSi~ SeiniSneba moqmedi deputatebisa Tu sajaro moxelebiis mier demonstraciulad partiis datovebis tendencia, es pozicia-opozicias, ZalTa Tanafardobas met-naklebad aaxloebs erTmaneTTan, Tumca upiratesoba aSkaraa. ganvmeordebi, opoziciur partiebsac marTebT meti pasuxismgeblobiT da gonierebiT moekidon qveyanaSi Seqmnil socialur, ekonomikur da politikur mdgomareobas da amis fonze miiRon qmediTi da saxelmwifoebrivi gadawyvetilebebi, rac maTi warmatebis erT-erTi pirobaa.
– opoziciis mTavari moTxovna, sxva moTxovnebTan erTad, ceskos Secvla iyo, amave dros, xmebis eleqtronuli wesiT daTvla, ramdenad miiRweva es moTxovna adgilobriv arCevnebamde?
– prezident miSelis SemoTavazebul dokumentSi `ambiciur saarCevno reformad~ aris moxseniebuli mocemuli punqti. pirvel SemTxvevaSi ceskos da olqis dakompleqteba moxdeba Semdegnairad: 8 – profesiuli niSniT arCeuli wevri, xolo 9 – partiebis mier daniSnuli warmomadgeneli, rac gulisxmobs met CarTulobas, gamWvirvalobas da procesze `zegavlenas~ gadacdomebis, sxvadasxva spekulaciis Tavidan asacileblad. mniSvnelovania is faqtic, rom ceskos Tavmjdomaris asarCevad saWiro iqneba xmebis 2/3, aseve, Tavmjdomaris moadgiled ganisazRvreba opozicuri partiis warmomadgenlis kandidatura, rac unda CaiTvalos wingadadgmul nabijad. rac Seexeba xmebis eleqtronulad daTvlas, mkiTxvelisTvis rom ufro naTeli gavxadoT, cesko 2019 wlidan iyenebs specialur manqanas, romelic pasuxismgebelia xmis daTvlaze da is warmatebiT muSaobs. axla mTavaria, xelisufleba, opozicia am programis srulad CaSvebisTvis (iq, sadac amis teqnikuri SesaZlebloba iqneba) SeTanxmebulad iyvnen mzad da gadadgan Sesabamisi efeqturi nabijebi. saarCevno administraciis wevrebis raodenobis Secvlas sWirdeba Sesabamisi sakanonmdeblo winadadebis wardgena, rac oqtombris arCevnebamde SesaZlebelia miiRon, xolo eleqtronuli wesiT daTvlas – Sesabamisi resursebis mobilizeba da servisebis ganviTareba.
– axlovdeba adgilobrivi arCevnebi, eqspertebi acxadeben, rom Tu opozicia did qalaqebSi merobis erTian kandidats ar waradgens, fiasko garantirebuli aqvs.
– Tu opozicias warmatebis miRweva surs, unda SeZlos sakuTari viwropartiuli interesebis gverdze gadadeba, saerTo Zalebis konsolidireba da interesebis Tanxvedra, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, sasurvel Sedegs ver miiReben.
– aSkaraa, rom xelisufleba ryevebs ganicdis – arasaxarbielo ekonomikuri mdgomareoba, gaxarias wasvla mmarTveli gundidan. . . SeZlebs Tu ara yofili premieri, Seqmnas axali gavleniani Zala, romelic konkurencias gauwevs rogorc xelisuflebas, ise Tundac `nacmoZraobas~?
– rogorc ukve vTqviT, ara xelisufleba, aramed saxelmwifo dgas ekonomikuri Tu socialuri gamowvevis winaSe, rasac ormagad amZimebs kovid-19-iT gamowveuli SezRudvebi, Caketili ekonomika, sazRvrebi, fasTa mkveTri gauareseba pirveladi moxmarebis produqtebze, medikamentebze, sawvavze, rac pirdapirproporciulad asaxavs sazogadoebis ganwyobebs xelisuflebis mimarT. rac Seexeba batoni gaxarias nabijs, rogorc sazogadoebisTvis gaxda cnobili, mcire pauzis Semdeg Tavis gundTan erTad aqtiurad erTveba qveynis politikur cxovrebaSi. batonma gaxariam, Tanamdebobaze yofniT SeZlo da daagrova iseTi socialuri Tu politikuri kapitali, rogorc bevr Tanamdebobis pirs ar gamosvlia, riTac aixsneba misi ambicia, iyos damoukidebeli da axali politikuri partiis damfuZnebeli, lideri. bunebrivia, sazogadoebas aqvs kiTxvebi misi Sinagan saqmeTa ministrad yofnis dros Cadenil qmedebebze. saintereso iqneba uSualod misgan movisminoT konkretul kiTxvebze wrfeli da amomwuravi pasuxebi.
– adgilobrivi arCevnebi ramdenad daxvews qarTul politikur speqtrs da saerTod, ra uSlis xels politikaSi axali saxeebis mosvlas?
– is faqti, rom TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebis dros saarCevno barieric da mandatebis gadanawilebac molaparakebis Semadgeneli nawilia, Sansebs uzrdis politikur Tu sainiciativo jgufebs, moipovon sakrebulos wevris mandati, rac avtomaturad niSnavs mravalferovan warmomadgenlobas. rac Seexeba kiTxvis meore nawils, Tu politikur partiebs undaT rom `gadarCnen~ da upasuxon arsebul gamowvevebs, sakadro politika mkveTrad unda gadaixedos da axali saxeebis moZiebisTvis daiwyon dialogi sazogadoebasTan, samoqalaqo seqtorTan da ganaxorcielon sxvadasxva aqtivoba.
– sagareo sakiTxsac SevexoT, ruseT-aSS-is urTierToba amJamad ra fazaSia, da ruseTisgan destruqciuli qmedebebi ramdenad mosalodnelia ukrainasa da saqarTvelosTan mimarTebiT?
– unda aRiniSnos, rom aSS-is axali administraciis pirobebSi, am or qveyanas Soris urTierTobebi axal sibrtyeze gadavida. Tu gavixsenebT trampis politikas ruseTTan mimarTebaSi, vnaxavT, rom gansxvaveba namdvilad SesamCnevia. prezidenti baideni ar erideba iseTi gancxadebebis gakeTebas, rogoricaa putinis pirdapir dadanaSauleba, rom is aris mkvleli, garda amisa Cven vnaxeT orive qveynis sanqcirebuli diplomatebi, maRali rangis sajaro moxeleebi Tu msxvili biznesmenebi. am yvelafers daemata ruseTis agresiuli sagareo politika ukrainaSi, rac ormagad abrkolebs mocemul or saxelmwifos Soris urTierToebebis normalizebas. ukrainasTan mimarTebiT ruseTis destruqciul qmedebasTan erTad, saqarTveloSi ikveTeba rusuli interesebis mqone e.w. rbili Zalis mier mowyobili permanentuli provokaciebi, aRarafers vambob okupirebul teritoriebze. niSandoblivia is faqti, rom teqnologiebis ganviTarebasTan erTad, ixveweba da mdidrdeba saxelmwifoebze destruqciuli qmedebebis Tu provokaciebis mowyobis arsenali, izrdeba areali, swored amitom Cveni qveyanis winaSe dRes gaormagebulia gamowveva – maqsimalurad SevZloT da movaxerxoT mkveTri da efeqturi reagireba rusuli safrTxeebis gasaneitraleblad.
– dabolos, cxadia, teritoriuli mTlianobis aRdgena uZnelesi sakiTxia, magram ekonomikuri mdgomareobis gamosworeba da demokratiuli procesebis ganviTareba xelisuflebam, wesiT da rigiT, unda SeZlos, am mxriv ra unda gakeTdes?
– ar unda SeviqmnaT imis iluzia, rom ekonomikuri mdgomareobis gajansaReba damokidebulia mxolod aRniSnul dargSi garkveuli nabijebis gadadgmaze. aq unda gaviTvaliswinoT qveynis socialuri da politikuri faqtorebi. calke, ganyenebulad ekonomikuri mdgomareobis gaumjobeseba SeuZlebeli iqneba. swored amitom xelisuflebam (romelsac yvelaze maRali pasuxisgbeloba unda gaaCndes), opozicur partiebTan, samoqalaqo organizaciebTan da sazogadoebasTan erTad unda SeZlos qveynis udides gamowvevasTan gasamklaveblad erToblivi strategiisa da nabijebis dasaxva, rac aisaxeba rogorc ekonomikur, ise socialur Tu politikur keTildReobaze. demokratiul process rac Seexeba, am kuTxiT gamoCnda umniSnelovanesi iaraRi Sarl miSelis mier SemoTavazebuli dokumentis saxiT (sadac saubaria sasamarTlo, saarCevno da saparlamento reformebze), romelic misi srulad ganxorcielebis Semdeg pozitiurad aisaxeba Cveni qveynis dasavleTizaciisken mimaval gzaze. aRniSnuli SeTanxmeba aris im gamowvevebisa da gadauWreli problemebis mogvarebisken gadadgmuli yvelaze efeqturi nabiji, romelic, ra Tqma unda, ar aris saboloo. brZolis velze maSin xar Tavdajerebuli, rodesac gaqvs strategia da misi ganxorcielebisTvis Sesabamisi resursebi. mocemuli dokumenti unda Sefasdes sworedac rogorc samoqmedo strategia, xolo damatebiT imis gansazRvraze, rogor SeiZleba mivideT saboloo miznamde, pasuxismgebloba nawildeba rogorc samTavrobo, ise opozicur Tu samoqalaqo aqtorebze.
Sejamebis saxiT aRvniSnav, rom Tu gvinda qveynis ekonomikuri mdgomareoba ise gamoswordes, rom aisaxos Cvens mosaxleobaze, amisTvis umTavresia politikuri partiebis, sazogadoebis konsolidireba Zireuli sakiTxebis gadasawyvetad da es gauTavebeli polarizeba erTxel da samudamod unda dasruldes.