საათობით სკებში შემავალ, მტვრით დატვირთულ ყვითელჩექმება ფუტკრებზე…
futkari bunebaSi erT-erTi yvelaze Sromismoyvare arsebaa, romlis saqmianobac ara mxolod ekosistemis balansisTvis, aramed adamianis sasicocxlo procesebisTvisac mniSvnelovania. gansakuTrebiT faseulia Tafli – bunebrivi sursaTi, romelic mdidaria vitaminebiTa da mineralebiT da mravalsaukunovani istoria aqvs rogorc sakvebi, ise samkurnalo TvalsazrisiT. sanam igi Cvens sufraze moxvdeba, rTul da Sromatevad procesebs gadis. Cveni stumaria niWieri, axalgazrda mefutkre giorgi CxaiZe, romlisganac gavigebT, rogor moipoveben Tafls, ra gamowvevebia am sferoSi da ratom aris futkarTan urTierToba unikaluri gamocdileba.
– giorgi, rogor daiwyeT mefutkreoba da ra iyo Tqveni mTavari motivacia?
– mefutkreoba Cvens ojaxSi tradiciaa da bavSvobidanve axlos viyavi am sferosTan. motivacia iyo xarisxiani naturaluri Taflis warmoeba. mamaCemma Semaswavla es saqme, vicodi rogor cxovrobda futkris ojaxi. maSin 49 ojaxi hyavda da plus 20 mcire paketi (4-5 CarCoze msxdomi futkrebi, romlebic im wels saTafle momTabareobisTvis ar arian mzad). mamSvidebda saaTobiT skebSi Semavali, mtvriT datvirTuli yviTelCeqmeba futkrebis cqera.
– ramdeni futkris ojaxi gyavT da sad aris ganTavsebuli Tqveni skebi?
– am etapze ozurgeTSi, sakarmidamo nakveTze myavs futkris 20 ojaxi. iq arsebuli resursi srulad akmayofilebs futkrebis produqtiulobas.
– ra aris yvelaze rTuli da yvelaze sasiamovno mefutkreobaSi?
– rTulia, roca daavadebebi da uamindoba xels uSlis futkris ganviTarebas. miT umetes, wels Zalian rTulad daiwyo gazafxuli. Ralianobis dros wvima da temperaturis vardnaa. sasiamovnoa, roca safutkreSi neqtris suni trialebs, futkrebi aqtiurad Sromoben, srulad avseben da beWdaven Taflian CarCoebs.
– rogoria Tqveni yoveldRiuroba futkrebTan muSaobisas?
– vaTvaliereb futkris ojaxebs zedapiruladac da aseve, TiToeul CarCosac, deda futkris kvercxmdeblobis unarianobas ganvsazRvrav, arsebul mdgomareobas vswavlob, TiToeuli ojaxis istorias vadevneb Tvals da a.S.
– ras niSnavs TqvenTvis bunebasTan amgvari mWidro urTierToba?
– vTvli, rom Cemi Sroma da yoveldRiuroba bunebis nawilia, xarisxiani da uxvi mosavlis miRebaSi didi wvlili miuZRvis futkars.
– rogor icavT futkrebs daavadebebisa da mavneblebisgan?
– futkris movlisa da usafrTxoebis ZiriTadi da mniSvnelovani nabijebia: aucilebelia nazamTrali tilos baliSis, an polieTilenis saTbuneblis Secvla, radgan zamTris periodSi dagrovebuli nesti da garemos mikroklimaturi cvlilebebi safutkreSi arasasurvel pirobebs qmnis. Aaseve, Zveli, gaSavebuli CarCoebis axali asaSenebeli CarCoebiT Canacvleba. zamTris pirobebSi CarCoebi xSirad ziandeba, amitom, Zveli CarCoebis amoReba da maTi antiseptikiT damuSaveba unda moxdes, raTa Tavidan aviciloT baqteriebis, an sxva mavneblebis gavrceleba. saWiroa bukebis gaumjobeseba da gawmenda. aseTi procesi xels uwyobs futkrebis ukeTes ganviTarebas da gadamtani daavadebebis Semcirebas. saWiroa sawyureblis mowyoba safutkreSi vercxlis ionebiT. sasmeli wylis dezinfeqciisTvis mniSvnelovania vercxlis ionebis gamoyeneba. es xels uwyobs mavne baqteriebis winaaRmdeg brZolas da sasargeblo mikroorganizmebis ganviTarebas. rogorc ki futkrebi bolos wina CarCos dafarvas daiwyeben, maT damatebiTi sivrce da CarCoebi unda mivawodoT. aucilebelia asaSenebeli fiWebis miwodeba, raTa Tavidan aviciloT daavadebuli, uxarisxo futkrebis warmoSoba. rodesac temperatura stabilurdeba, ar aris yinvebi da sicive mosalodneli, mTavari Ralianobis dawyebamde 55 dRiT adre da 30 dRiT gvian, SegviZlia, futkrebis masobrivad gamravlebis mizniT, deda futkris stimulirebisTvis, yovel meore dRes futkrebs erTi-erTze damzadebuli Saqris sirofi mivawodoT (100-200 gramis odenobiT). gazafxulsa da Semodgomaze rekomendebulia skebis irgvliv niadagis gafxviereba (Sebarva), rac xels uwyobs sanitariuli pirobebis gaumjobesebas. sezonuri futkris daRupvis, bunebriv process, kerZod, zamTarSi gadarCenili futkrebis – gazafxulze, xolo zafxulSi aqtiurad momuSave futkrebis Semodgomaze daRupvas SesaZloa Tan axldes paTogenuri mikroorganizmebis dagroveba, rac daavadebis kerebis ganviTarebas uwyobs xels. am riskis minimizaciisTvis mizanSewonilia skebis garSemo antiseptikuri saSualebebis Sesxureba, xolo mimdebare teritoriis damuSaveba Ria aliT (lampis aliT), rac uzrunvelyofs garemos dezinfeqcias. safutkre SemoRobili unda iyos, raTa Tavidan aviciloT daavadebebis gavrceleba, rac SesaZloa, pirutyvisgan moxdes. narCenebis gasawmendad, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, yoveli instrumenti unda damuSavdes antiseptikiT (iozefi, iodis marili). aseve, damcavi kombinizoni unda damuSavdes qloriT. xelTaTmanebis gamoyeneba ar aris rekomendebuli, radgan erTi daavadebuli skidan sxva skebze daavadebis gavrcelebaa SesaZlebeli. rac Seexeba akaricidebisa da sxva preparatebis gamoyenebas futkris daavadebebis profilaqtikisTvis, es individualur midgomas saWiroebs. mkurnaloba unda ganxorcieldes monitoringis monacemebze dayrdnobiT, garemo pirobebisa da safutkris geografiuli mdebareobis gaTvaliswinebiT. preparatis gamoyenebamde rekomendebulia misi efeqtianobis winaswari gamocda calkeul futkris ojaxebze. mxolod dadebiTi Sedegebis miRebis Semdegaa SesaZlebeli misi farTo speqtriT gamoyeneba mTel safutkreSi, Sesabamisi anotaciis dacviT da biousafrTxoebis sruli regulaciebis gaTvaliswinebiT.
– rogoria futkrebis movlis sezonuri cikli da romeli periodi iTvleba yvelaze datvirTulad?
– gazafxulze iwyeba aqtiuri muSaoba – ojaxis gaZliereba, skebis momzadeba da Taflis sezonis dawyeba. yvelaze datvirTulia mais-ivnisi, roca kargi Taflis mosavali unda uzrunvelyo.
– ra gansxvavebaa sxvadasxva saxeobis Tafls Soris da rogor wyvetT, rodisaa Tafli asaRebi?
– Tafli gansxvavdeba feriT, gemoTi da aromatiT. magaliTad, akaciis Tafli aris msubuqi da gamWvirvale, xolo wablis – ufro muqi da mware. Tafli unda aiRo maSin, roca futkrebi aSenebul CarCoSi neqtars gadaamuSaveben da fiWas cviliT mobeWdaven – es simwifis niSania.
– ras warmoadgens bioTafli da rogor unda miviRoT igi?
– bioTaflis warmoeba bunebriv pirobebSi futkris mier bunebrivad damzadebul cvils iTvaliswinebs. ar gamoiyeneba adamianis mier Seqmnili xelovnuri fiWa. futkari bunebrivad aSenebs sanTels. Cven, stacionarul safutkreSi imisTvis, rom futkris vegetacia davaCqaroT, mTavari Ralianoba ufro swrafad aviRoT da futkrebi daavadebebisgan davicvaT, maT xelovnuri fiWebiT vexmarebiT. Aam periodSi daavadebebis Tavidan asacileblad viyenebT rogorc qimiur, aseve bunebriv balaxovan mcenareebs. bioTaflis warmoebis dros ki arc balaxovani da arc qimiuri preparatebis gamoyeneba ar xdeba. balaxovani mcenareebic SeiZleba Seicavdes adamianisTvis saSiS nivTierebebs, Tumca isini bevrad naklebad sazianoa, vidre qimiuri preparatebi. Nnaturalur, biosafutkreSi dauSvebelia am saSualebebis gamoyeneba.
– rogoria jara (tradiciuli qarTuli futkris ska) safutkris damaxasiaTebeli Tvisebebi?
– sxvaTa Soris, momravlda jara safutkreebi, Tumca TiToeuli mefutkre maTTan dakavSirebul wesebs arRvevs. jaras awvdian xelovnurad aSenebul erT meoTxed fiWas, futkrebi asruleben mas da asxamen Tafls. Semdeg fiWiani Tafli gadis bazarze, Tumca aq ar aris miTiTebuli, masSi ramdeni procentia xelovnuri cvili. aseTi Tafli aRar aris bio, radgan masSi SesaZloa iyos qimiuri nivTierebebi, rogorebicaa parafini da winamorbedebisgan Semavali mavne nivTierebebi. aseve, standartul safutkreebSi futkrebi mkurnalobas gadian, rac arRvevs bioTaflis xarisxs. meore jara safutkre aris mTlianad futkris masiuri bude, romelsac ar gaaCnia sakuWnao. Tu Cven gavukeTebT zemoT naxseneb preparatebs, rogorebicaa tkipebis preparati akaricidi, rac qimiuria (biologiuri akaricidi ar arsebobs arc saqarTveloSi, arc msoflio bazarze), am SemTxvevaSi bioTaflis xarisxi dairRveva. daavadebebis Tavidan asacileblad gamoiyeneba, aseve, mravali saxis antibiotiki, romlebic rogorc TaflSi, aseve futkris produqtebSi Sedis da adamianisTvis saSiSroebas warmoadgens. wamlis gamoyenebis gareSe jara safutkre SeuZlebelia. Tu mefutkre ar gamoiyenebs preparatebs, Semodgomidan gazafxulamde jaraSi moTavsebuli futkrebi daiRupebian Semdegi daavadebebiT: nizematozi, tkipa, tripila, sezonuri da amerikuli sidample da sxva. es did saSiSroebas warmoadgens da safrTxes uqmnis sxva stacionarul mravalricxovan safutkres, radgan daavadebebi vrceldeba da safutkreebis ganadgurebas iwvevs.
– ra unda icodes mefutkrem da rogor vawarmooT naturaluri bioTafli jara safutkreSi wesebis dacviT?
– jaras buki mzaddeba Tavisi mcire CarCoebiT. sanam mTavari Ralianoba daiwyeba, erTi kviriT adre stacionaruli safutkridan mxolod axalgazrda futkris xelovnur gamonayofs vakeTebT da jaraSi vfeTqavT (vaTavsebT), sadac mxolod carieli ufiWo CarCoebi gvaqvs Cawyobili. axalgazrda futkrebiT vavsebT jaras da ganayofierebuli deda futkari Segvyavs. ar vaxmarT aranair Saqars an sxva danamatebs. mTavari Ralianobis dasawyisSi droebiT erTi kviriT vamwyvdevT deda futkars, raTa kvercxmdebloba SevaCeroT da futkrebma Ralis mopovebaze izrunon da ara bartyis gamozrdaze. amiT Cven viRebT bunebrivad aSenebul fiWebs. Semdegi Ralianobis dros ukve gvaqvs namdvili naturaluri Taflis maragis amoRebis saSualeba. rodesac Ralianoba dasruldeba, jara safutkres vauqmebT, mcire CarCoebi gadagvaqvs standartul CarCoze (4 cali jaras CarCo erT did standartul CarCoze magrdeba), vaTavsebT standartul skaSi, sadac Cveulebrivad vaZlevT danamatebs, vutarebT mkurnalobas da vazamTrebT standartul skaSi. momavali wlidan isev imave process mivyvebiT.
– rogor afasebT qarTul Tafls msoflio standartebis TvalsazrisiT da ra gamowvevebi axlavs am dargs?
– qarTul Tafls mniSvnelovani potenciali aqvs saerTaSoriso bazarze, risi safuZvelic aris qveynis sufTa garemo da biomravalferovneba, Tumca bolo wlebSi futkrebis daavadebebis gavrcelebam seriozuli gavlena moaxdina dargze. erT-erTi mTavari gamowvevaa antibiotikebis arasaTanado gamoyeneba, rac iwvevs narCenebis arsebobas TaflSi da futkris sxva produqtebSi. am problemis Tavidan asacileblad aucilebelia veterinaruli preparatebis sworad gamoyeneba da dargisTvis dadgenili regulaciebis mkacri dacva. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, zarals iRebs ara mxolod calkeuli mefutkre, aramed mTlianad dargi da momxmarebeli. es qmnis realur safrTxes saqarTvelos futkris populaciisa da ekosistemisTvis. wlebis win, roca aziuri farosanas Semoseva daiwyo, mcenareebi usafrTxoebis darRveviT Seiwamla. wamlobam futkrebis intoqsikacia gamoiwvia. ara marto futkrebi, Tagvebi, Citebi, kodalebi da zRarbebic daixocnen, radgan Zlier toksikuri, didi doziT, bifentrinis Semcvelobis xsnari gamoiyenes, ramac mcenareebis dazianeba da xmoba gamoiwvia.
– ra rCevas miscemdiT damwyeb mefutkreebs?
– pirvel rigSi, mefutkreobis sferoSi dainteresebulma pirebma siRrmiseulad unda Seiswavlon dargis Teoriuli safuZvlebi. rekomendebulia mravalferovani samecniero literaturis gamoyeneba, maT Soris eleqtronuli resursebis, Tumca aRsaniSnavia, rom internetsivrceSi arsebuli informacia yovelTvis ar aris sando, an mecnierulad swori. sasurvelia, damwyebma mefutkreebma iTanamSromlon gamocdil da wamyvan specialistebTan, aqtiurad CaerTon profesiul RonisZiebebSi, treningebsa da praqtikul aqtivobebSi. amavdroulad, aucilebelia uaxlesi teqnologiebisa da meTodebis gacnoba, agreTve, biousafrTxoebis standartebis dacva, rac uzrunvelyofs rogorc futkris ojaxis, ise produqtebis xarisxisa da momxmareblis janmrTelobis dacvas.
– ra gegmebi gaqvT momavalSi, apirebT gafarToebas an axali produqtebis warmoebas?
– diax, vgegmav skebis raodenobis gazrdas da bioTaflis warmoebis gaZlierebas. garda Taflisa, ganvixilav futkris sxva produqtebis warmoebasac, rogorebicaa dindgeli (propolisi), sanTeli da deda futkris rZe. Cemi mizania, sabazro moTxovnebis Sesabamisad, futkris naturaluri produqtebis srulyofili xazis Seqmna, rac moicavs ekologiurad sufTa da xarisxiani produqciis miwodebas momxmareblisTvis.
mariam xiTariSvili